大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃的显微构造特征及其意义

最近,在大别造山带东部发现了广泛的地震成因假玄武玻璃,这些假玄武玻璃主要呈简单脉状沿NE-SW向走滑断裂带或剪切带发育,后者大多与郯庐断裂带平行并穿切了包括白垩纪花岗岩在内的地质体。某些假玄武玻璃内发育由暗色石英条纹构成的糜棱质条带。本文通过普通光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察分析,详细研究对比了不同断裂带内部发育的假玄武玻璃及其围岩在显微构造特征上的差异及联系。根据岩石的组构特征,证实所发现的这些假玄武玻璃主要是由母岩的超碎裂岩化形成的,但在点1发育的假玄武玻璃基质的扫描电镜影象特征上,沿某些残斑矿物(钾长石、斜长石、黄铁矿)的边缘可以看到些许代表摩擦熔融成因的熔蚀状港湾结构,说明假玄武玻璃形成过程中曾经发生了程度较低的局部熔融作用。肉眼所见到的糜棱质石英条纹在显微镜下证实为早期的糜棱面理。同时,岩石组构的叠加显示,含假玄武玻璃的断裂带及假玄武玻璃本身普遍具有多期性,且晚期构造产物(或假玄武玻璃)总是较早期产物(或假玄武玻璃)碎裂岩化作用更加强烈,说明先期存在的构造软化带在控制假玄武玻璃形成过程中起着非常重要的作用,即构造带抬升过程中伴随的多期构造及细粒化是形成假玄武玻璃的基础。岩石的变形序列总体上显示为韧性-韧脆性-脆性的演化过程,从而证实了这些假玄武玻璃总体上形成于造山带抬升过程,而不是早期的俯冲过程。     

大别山地区天堂寨花岗岩的侵位时代及地质意义

天堂寨片麻状花岩，多数文献将其归属前寒武纪混合花岗岩。笔者认为是岩浆冷凝结晶产物，属Iu型花岗岩。其侵位时代为早白垩世。锆石一致曲线年龄为124．7Ma。岩体侵位以后，大别山地区的抬升速率不很快，平均每年抬升0．1mm。     

青海夏日哈木矿区中泥盆世闪长玢岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

夏日哈木矿区的闪长玢岩主要出露于矿区北部。闪长玢岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为（381.7±1.9） Ma,MSWD=0.20,属中泥盆世;结合闪长玢岩侵入成矿杂岩体的野外产状,研究表明夏日哈木镍矿的形成早于381.7±1.9 Ma。岩石学及化学成分显示其属于钙碱性、偏铝质系列闪长玢岩。岩体富Na（K2O/Na2O值为0.45~0.60）,稀土元素总量较低（ΣREE为128.28×10-6 ~ 141.65×10-6）,轻重稀土分馏明显,（La/Yb）N值为6.86 ~ 7.96;根据其较高的La/Nb值（3.32~3.76,平均3.57）、Th/Nb值（0.95～1.02,平均为0.99）以及Th/La值（0.266～0.291,平均0.278）,结合源区判别图解,研究表明该岩石为下地壳部分熔融的产物。综合区域地质演化背景,表明夏日哈木矿区闪长玢岩形成于造山后伸展向板内过渡的环境。     

广东河台金矿假玄武玻璃地球化学和年代学特征及其地质意义

前人对河台金矿中的假玄武玻璃早有报道,但是因为未认识到其与成矿的关系而被忽视。在前人发现的糜棱岩中假玄武玻璃的基础上,本次研究又发现了三种其他岩性中的假玄武玻璃。河台金矿中的假玄武玻璃呈黑色脉状、网脉状和树枝状贯穿于糜棱岩化片岩、糜棱岩、混合岩和矿体中。本研究结合野外宏观特征和室内的岩相学微观特征,运用粉晶X射线衍射、全岩地球化学和Ar-Ar同位素等实验分析手段,比较了河台金矿不同地质体中假玄武玻璃岩脉的特征。研究发现假玄武玻璃脉体中存在树枝状微晶结构和碎屑颗粒的港湾结构,同时也含有碎裂成因的石英、长石,表明其成因以同震断层的摩擦熔融为主,并伴随有少量碎裂化。通过计算得出假玄武玻璃样品中结晶态的各类矿物含量为石英53.3%、伊利石20.5%、高岭石17.3%、钾长石8.9%。假玄武玻璃与围岩都具有富SiO_2和Al_2O_3,富K_2O贫Na_2O,低MgO和Fe_2O_3~T的地球化学特征。两者的稀土元素配分型式也非常相似,都显示轻稀土富集和中等程度的负Eu异常(δEu=0.51～0.71)。假玄武玻璃的显微构造和地球化学特征指示其主要是由围岩原地熔融形成的,形成深度在6～18 km。我们认为河台金矿的假玄武玻璃可以指示云开大山抬升过程中伴随着地震的发生,同时,假玄武玻璃脉体在空间上切穿矿体,因此假玄武玻璃的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄123.3±1.0 Ma可以作为河台金矿的成矿年龄上限。     

大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃及其围岩的K-Ar和^40Ar-^39Ar年龄及地质意义

发育在大别造山带东部的假玄武玻璃是区域内NE-SW向断裂带快速滑移形成的构造岩。地质产状、显微构造及岩石化学研究表明，这些假玄武玻璃主要由超碎裂岩化作用所形成。假玄武玻璃及围岩的全岩(包括部分单矿物)K-Ar年龄测定表明，大别造山带的假玄武玻璃形成于81～93Ma之间。本文同时测定了叠加在假玄武玻璃基质之上的多硅白云母的激光^40Ar／^39Ar年龄为78．9Ma。显微构造及所获得的年龄数据显示，这些沿NE-SW向断裂发育的假玄武玻璃是在晚白垩世(80～90Ma)时期伴随着大别造山带整体隆升过程形成的，而与早期板块俯冲过程无关。同时，不同定年方法在数据上的一致性还表明，全岩K-Ar方法在确定某些假玄武玻璃及含假玄武玻璃的断裂构造年代时，可能仍然是一种行之有效的的方法。     

秦岭造山带中部两河口岩体花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及地质意义

北秦岭两河口岩体位于太白地区,侵位于秦岭群杂岩中,主要岩性为眼球状花岗岩、片麻状花岗岩和二长花岗岩。 本文研究的眼球状花岗岩和片麻状花岗岩的结晶年龄分别为928±19 Ma 和940±12 Ma,岩石中还保留古元古代至中元古代的 继承锆石。眼球状花岗岩含有富铝矿物石榴子石和白云母。岩石的A/CNK 多大于1.1,具有高Si、富铝的特征,属于高钾钙 碱性系列。岩石轻、重稀土分馏明显,具有中等负Eu 异常。岩石富集大离子亲石元素（Rb, Ba, K 等）、亏损高场强元素 （Nb, Ta, Ti 等）,具有明显的Ba, P, Sr 负异常。矿物学和地球化学特征显示眼球状花岗岩和片麻状花岗岩为S 型花岗岩。两河 口岩体初始Sr 同位素组成变化大,87Sr/86Sr(t)=0.701067~0.739451,具有较低的εNd(t)=-5.7~-3.3, 两阶段Nd 模式年龄为TDM2= 1.9~2.1 Ga。样品具有高的放射成因Pb 同位素组成,指示两河口岩体是壳源成因岩石,其源岩可能为秦岭群斜长角闪岩和 片麻岩。结合区域地质背景,认为两河口岩体源于新元古代陆壳碰撞晚期的构造转换阶段古老中下地壳的熔融作用,是对 Rodinia 超大陆汇聚事件的响应。     

大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃的成因

最近,在大别造山带东部广泛发现了假玄武玻璃出露点,这些假玄武玻璃主要沿NE-SW向断裂带或剪切带发育。某些假玄武玻璃内发育糜棱质条带。本文主要讨论了大别造山带东部假玄武玻璃的显微构造、岩石化学及稀土元素地球化学等特征,在此基础上阐述了发育在该地区的假玄武玻璃的成因。      

中国地质科学院机构科技论文收录情况统计

分析、评价一个国家或地区的科技水平、学科发展趋势、新兴领域潜力以及一个学术团体及科技人员学术水平、专长、分布,常以科技论文的数量与质量作为重要标志。      

Geochronology Constraints on Transformation Age from Ductile to Brittle Deformation of the Shangma Fault and Its Tectonic Significance, Dabieshan, Central China

By a detailed investigation of geometry and kinematics of the Shangma (商麻) fault in Dabieshan (大别山),three different crust levels of extension movement have been recognized in sequence from the deep to the shallow:① low-angle ductile detachment shearing with top to the NW; ② low-angle normal fault with top to the NW or NWW in brittle or brittle-ductile transition domain; ③high-angle brittle normal fault with top to the W or NWW. Two samples were chosen for zircon U-Pb age dating to constrain the activity age of the Shangma fault. A bedding intrusive granitoid pegmatite vein that is parallel to the foliation of the low-angle ductile detachment shear zone of the country rock exhibits a lotus-joint type of boudinage deformation,showing syn-tectonic emplacing at the end of the ductile deformation period and deformation in the brittle-ductile transition domain. The zircon U-Pb dating of this granitoid pegmatite vein gives an age of (125.9±4.2) Ma,which expresses the extension in the brittle-ductile transition domain of the Shangma fault. The other sample,which is collected from a granite pluton cutting the foliation of the low-angle ductile detachment shear zone, gives a zircon U-Pb age of (118.8±4.1) Ma,constraining the end of the ductile detachment shearing. Then the transformation age from ductile to brittle deformation can be constrained between 126-119 Ma.Combined with the previous researches,the formation of the Luotian (罗田) dome,which is located to the east of the Shangma fault,can beconstrained during 150-126 Ma. This study gives a new time constraint to the evolution of the Dabie orogenic belt.     

大别山造山带新县二长花岗岩体地球化学与岩石成因

大别造山带位于华北板块与扬子板块交界,出露众多中生代中酸性岩体。文章选取新县花岗岩体为研究对象,通过详细的野外地质调查、锆石U-Pb 同位素定年,以及元素和同位素地球化学测试,研究其地质和地球化学组成特征。结果表明,新县岩体主体为二长花岗岩,按照其结晶粒度可分为三个岩石单元,形成于133~129 Ma 之间,并保存有古元古代继承锆石。岩石具有富硅和富碱特征,属于（弱） 过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,亏损Ba、Sr 等大离子亲石元素和P、Ti 等高场强元素,无显著的Nb-Ta 亏损。在稀土元素配分模式图中,具有富集轻稀土、亏损中稀土、弱富集重稀土元素等特征,并具有明显的Eu 负异常,表明岩浆源区可能为角闪石稳定区域,而非加厚下地壳的石榴子石稳定区,推测岩浆形成于加厚地壳的伸展减薄环境。其全岩εNd(t)值为-20.8~-18.4,二阶段模式年龄值为2.61~2.43 Ga,表明岩浆源区主要由古老的地壳物质构成,如崆岭群和陡岭群。对比新县岩体与邻区千鹅冲、宝安寨等Mo 矿床赋矿岩石可以看出,两者具有相似的地球化学组成特征,暗示着存在密切的成因联系,或属于同源岩浆不同演化阶段的产物。     

江南造山带东段新元古代弧盆构造格局

江南造山带东段出露万年群、浦江平水群、双桥山群等一系列前寒武纪基底岩系。万年群为一套出露于赣东北地区的浅变质火山岩、陆缘碎屑岩系,其下未见底,上被震旦系漆工组不整合覆盖,沉积环境自下而上逐渐变深。本文应用LA-ICP-MS对德兴地区万年群火山岩样品进行锆石U-Pb定年,获得加权平均年龄为(843.8±5)Ma,表明万年群主体属新元古界。万年群与浦江平水群、双桥山群等属于同一时代的产物,它们形成的时限范围集中在850～820 Ma,代表了江南造山带演化的中期阶段。对万年群、浦江平水群火山岩进行全岩地球化学分析,显示这两套岩石分别为钙碱性岩石系列和低钾(拉斑)岩石系列,富集大离子亲石元素(Ba、Th、P)亏损高场强元素(Nb、Zr、Ti),表现出类似于俯冲带相关的岩浆作用特征,构造环境判别图解显示两者应形成于火山弧区域。双桥山群代表了裂陷型弧后盆地沉积,对其中发育的小型斜层理进行测量,经水平校正后其古流向指向北,物源应来自南方。万年群、浦江平水群与双桥山群在时空位置及构造属性上显示了配套的弧盆体系关系。发育于850～820 Ma期间的江南造山带应属西太平洋型陆缘造山带。     

Neoproterozoic granitic gneiss offshore the Shandong Peninsula of Eastern China: the eastward extension of the Sulu Orogenic Belt

The Sulu Orogenic Belt in eastern China has experienced a multistage tectonic evolutionary history. However, its geological evolution has not yet been corroborated by sufficient direct evidence from basement rocks. Chaolian Island on the Qianliyan Uplift provides an opportunity to study the formation and evolution of the Sulu Orogenic Belt using direct geochronological and geochemical evidence. We determined that the characteristic mineral assemblage in the study region is quartz + K-feldspar + perthite + biotite + muscovite. The samples are silica- (SiO₂ = 72.8%–75.8%) and alkali-rich (ALK(Na₂O+K₂O) = 8.7%–9.3%), with high iron-magnesium ratios (FeO*/(FeO*+MgO) = 0.92–0.96) and low CaO and MgO concentrations. Furthermore, they are rich in large-ion lithophile elements K, Rb, Ba, and U, but depleted in high field strength elements Nb, Ta, and Zr. They exhibit high Ga/Al values (Ga × 10⁴/Al = 3.33–3.74) and significant fractionation between light and heavy rare earth elements. The samples are A-type granites. In the discrimination diagrams for granite genesis types, the samples plotted in the post-orogenic A2-type granite region. Secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) zircon U–Pb dating results indicated that the granitic gneiss formed ~782.6–802.3 Ma (Middle Neoproterozoic), consistent with the timing of the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent on the northeastern margin of the Yangtze Plate. Comparing geochemical characteristics and zircon U–Pb ages of the A-type granitic gneisses of the Sulu Orogenic Belt, the Qianliyan Uplift appears to be an extension of the belt across the ocean and is affiliated with the Yangtze Plate. The granitic gneiss on Chaolian Island is related to the formation of a mantle superplume during the breakup of Rodinia, and the northeastern margin of the Yangtze Plate during the Middle Neoproterozoic was located in a back-arc extension setting induced by the subduction of oceanic plates.     

大别山商麻断裂韧-脆性变形转换的时间约束及其构造意义

通过对商麻断裂的几何学和运动学的详细构造解析, 鉴别出呈先后依次发育层次由深到浅的3种不同构造层次的伸展性断裂构造活动, 从早到晚分别为: ①低角度向北西西方向滑脱的韧性剪切; ②西倾的低角度脆性、脆-韧性滑脱正断层; ③西倾的高角度脆性正断层.在构造年代学的基础上, 选择①末期与围岩同构造并顺围岩面理侵入结晶的花岗质伟晶岩脉和后期的花岗岩侵入体进行了锆石U-Pb年龄测试, 花岗质伟晶岩脉中13颗岩浆锆石给出了125.9±4.2Ma的年龄数据, 花岗岩中10颗岩浆锆石给出了118.8±4.1Ma年龄数据, 从而可以将商麻断裂带从伸展滑脱型韧性变形向脆性滑脱断层转换的时间很好的约束在126~119Ma之间.通过与前人研究结果的对比, 笔者将罗田穹窿形成的时间限定在了150~126Ma之间, 为研究整个大别山构造演化提供了新的年代学约束.      

Age and Tectonic Significance of the Mafic Dyke Swarm in the Kuruktag Region, Xinjiang

The mafic dykes are composed of a series of northwest-trending diabase in Kuokesu of the Kuruktag region, Xinjiang. Four whole-rock samples of the mafic dykes in the region give an 40Ar / 36Ar-40K/ 36Ar isochron age of 282 Ma with the initial 40Ar/ 36Ar = 507. The characteristics of the major, trace and rare earth elements of the dyke rocks indicate that they belong to the calc-alkaline series and were emplaced in extensional structures at an intermediate depth of the crust. This shows that there was a large-scale extension in the Permian Period, which might be associated with the post-collisional extension of the ancient Tianshan Mountains.     

Geochemistry and SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Age of Post-Collisional Granites in the Southwest Tianshan Orogenic Belt of China: Examples from the Heiyingshan and Laohutai Plutons

The Heiyingshan granite and the Laohutai granite plutons exposed in the Southwest Tianshan resemble A-type granites geochemically. Analysis shows that the both are ferron calc-alkalic peraluminous or ferron alkali-calcic peraluminous with a relatively high concentration of SiO2 （〉70%）, high alkali contents （Na20 ＋ K20 = 7.14%-8.56%; K20〉N20; A/CNK = 0.99-1.20）, and pronounced negative anomales in Eu, Ba, St, P and Ti. A SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 285±4 Ma was obtained for the Heiyingshan hornblende biotite granite intrusion. The geochemical and age dating data reported in this paper indicate that these granites were formed during the post-collisional crustal extension of the Southwest Tianshan orogenic belt, in agreement with the published data for the granites in the South Tianshan.     

Relationship between the TanLu Fault and Dabie Orogenic Belt in Eastern China

１．ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦｉｇ．１．　ＴｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＤａｂｉｅｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔａｎｄＴａｎＬｕｆａｕｌｔｉｎｅａｓｔｅｒｎＣｈｉｎａ　　ＴｈｅＤａｂｉｅｏｒｏｇｅｎｉｃｂｅｌｔａｎｄＴａｎＬｕｓｔｒｉｋｅｓｌｉｐｆａｕｌｔａｒｅｓｉｔｕａｔｅｄｉｎｃｅｎｔｒａｌａｎｄｅａｓｔｅｒｎＣｈｉｎａ,ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ（Ｆｉｇ．１）．Ｔｈｅｉｒｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓ,ｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅａｄｊａｃｅｎｔｇｅｏｌｏｇｉｃｂｌｏｃ…     

U-Pb Zircon Age,Geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopic Constraints on the Age and Origin of Mafic Dykes from Eastern Shandong Province,Eastern China

U-Pb zircon age, geochemical, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of mafic dykes from eastern Shandong Province, eastern China is reported herein. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon analyses of two samples from the investigated mafic dykes yield consistent ages ranging from 121.9 Ma ± 0.47 Ma to 122.9 Ma ± 0.61 Ma. The mafic dykes are characterized by high (87Sr/86Sr) i ranging from 0.7087 to 0.7089, low εNd(t) values ranging from -16.9 to -17.8, 206Pb/204Pb = 17.15 to 17.17, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.45 to 15.47, and 208Pb/204Pb = 37.59 to 37.68. Results from the current study suggest that the mafic dykes are derived from partial melting of ancient lithospheric mantle that was variably hybridized by melts derived from foundered lower crustal eclogite. The mafic dykes may have been generated through subsequent insignificant crystal fractionation and very minor crustal contamination during magma ascent. Combined with previous studies, the current findings provide new evidence that the intense lithospheric thinning beneath the eastern Shandong Province of eastern China occurred at ~120 Ma, and that this condition was caused by the removal of the lower lithosphere (mantle and lower crust).     

滇西北白秧坪多金属矿集区东矿带方解石REE地球化学特征及意义

方解石是白秧坪多金属矿集区东矿带矿石中的主要脉石矿物。不同产状矿体中方解石的REE地球化学特征研究表明,3个矿段成矿期方解石具有2种稀土模式:LREE(轻稀土元素)富集型和相对平坦型;前者表明成矿过程中没有LREE明显带出的迹象,残余热液继承了前期成矿热液的特征,而后者表明成矿过程中有LREE带出。不同类型矿体方解石中REE含量、有关参数和稀土配分模式等均变化较大,但在地球化学特征上具有连续变化规律,显示为同源不同阶段的产物。方解石为热液成因方解石,结合其他同位素的资料和矿区的地质背景,得出成矿流体以大气降水与围岩反应形成的热卤水为主、深部流体参与其成矿作用的观点。成矿过程中,由早到晚,成矿环境表现为还原向氧化环境变化。     

北祁连山东段西吉地区辉长岩的地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其意义

西吉地区辉长岩属于拉斑系列,具有高Al、低碱、低Ti、低P2O5的特征。辉长岩富集大离子亲石元素(LILE) Rb、Sr、K,高场强元素(HFSE) Nb、Ta、Ce、Nd、Sm、Tb、Y、Yb相对亏损,而且Nb、Ta为负异常,具有形成于消减带之上火山弧岩浆的特征。稀土配分曲线为向右缓倾斜的轻稀土富集型,其曲线型式与岛弧、弧后盆地相似,形成于陆缘弧环境。U-Pb测年结果显示,辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年为437. 0±2. 8 Ma,形成时代为早志留世。辉长岩与西吉地区花岗岩具有相同的形成环境和非常接近的锆石U-Pb年龄,二者为同期岩浆活动的产物。结合区域地质资料,认为西吉地区辉长岩体为板块俯冲的产物,晚奥陶世—早志留世时,北祁连山海盆趋于闭合时,洋壳板块俯冲脱水,提供给地幔楔,橄榄岩发生熔融,形成的基性(辉长岩)、酸性(花岗岩)岩体。通过区域对比,认为西吉地区辉长岩与甘肃东部葫芦河群、甘肃景泰老虎山地区的蛇绿岩带中的辉长岩很可能是相同构造环境下构造—岩浆作用的产物。西吉地区可能存在由于构造作用破坏的蛇绿岩套层序的部分组成或杂乱堆积的混杂岩块。     

东昆仑东段香加南山花岗岩基中加鲁河中基性岩体形成时代、成因及其地质意义

东昆仑东段香加南山花岗岩基中加鲁河中基性岩体主要岩石类型包括角闪辉长岩和石英闪长岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示加鲁河中基性岩体的结晶年龄为220 Ma。岩体SiO_2含量较低,为47.91%~58.92%,Al_2O_3含量为15.54%~18.35%,Na2O为1.70%~3.34%,K_2O为0.58%~1.92%,Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.34~2.93,平均1.92,MgO含量为3.69%~8.24%,Mg~#为46~61,铝饱和指数A/CNK介于0.70~0.90之间,主体属于准铝质中钾钙碱性系列。岩体富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,具明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.40~0.59);微量元素富集Rb、Th、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)。岩石学和地球化学研究显示岩体在地壳深部和浅部经历了两次岩浆混合作用。在深部,幔源岩浆底侵作用使下地壳部分熔融形成长英质岩浆,两种岩浆不同比例混合,经过化学扩散均一化,从而具有相似的同位素特征和岩石地球化学特征。在地壳浅部,经深部混合的岩浆注入花岗质岩浆,岩浆边部同花岗岩完全混合形成加鲁河岩体中石英闪长岩,不完全混合则形成暗色微粒包体。对加鲁河中基性岩体研究表明,东昆仑东段在晚三叠世处于古特提斯演化的后碰撞阶段,在这一时期存在岩浆底侵事件。