Effect of Meteorological Conditions on Tectonic Deformations in Hourly Period Range

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—Deviations of the vertical crustal velocities measured by a broadband seismic station from the Earth’s tidal velocities predicted by...     

JCZ-1型地震仪观测的地球环型自由振荡

本文首次采用JCZ-1型地震仪观测资料研究地球环型自由振荡, 并在2011年日本9.0级地震、 2010年智利8.8级地震和2005年印尼8.6级地震后武汉地震台JCZ-1型地震仪观测到了其激发的环型自由振荡, 从中检测了基振型₀T₂~₀T₆₇和一次振型 ₁T₂~₁T₅₀等振型的本征周期, 与PREM的理论值比较, 误差比小于0.5%, 补充了PREM中未提到的几次振型的本征周期: ₀T₁₁、 ₀T₁₅、 ₀T₁₉、 ₁T₄、 ₁T₅、 ₁T₁₄, 并观测到了日本地震 ₀T₂、 ₀T₆、 ₀T₇和 ₀T₈振型的多峰值现象。 研究结果表明, JCZ-1型地震仪具有良好的观测超低频长周期地球自由振荡的能力。     

利用重力资料检测日本9.0级地震激发的地球自由振荡

利用格尔木基准地震台重力观测资料,检测到2011年3月11日日本东海岸9.0级特大地震激发0S0 ～0S40之间的球型自由振荡,其中有0S0、0S13、0S22、0S26、0S30共5个振型的观测频率值与理论频率值偏差近似为0.同时发现0S2、0S3振型有明显的谱线分裂现象,但是0S32、0S37振型未与周围噪音区分开,观测效果不明显.整体平均偏差约为0.10％,观测频率值与理论频率值有很好的相符,这不但说明了PREM模型理论的正确性,也说明了格尔木基准地震台重力资料质量的优良,研究结果对了解地球内部结构有一定的帮助.     

由中国CDSN台网检测到的汶川地震所激发的地球球型自由振荡

2008年5月12日汶川发生M8.0特大地震, 这次特大地震使得地球自身产生了整体的连续振动。 本文采用地震发生之后中国数字地震台网(CDSN)所记录到的5天地震波形, 对VHZ频段进行了功率谱密度分析。 由于CDSN台网的地震仪对低频信号具有压制特点, 所以没有对资料进行固体潮处理, 从而获得了大地震激发的73个(₀S₄～₀S₇₆)基频球型自由振荡和6个谐频球型自由振荡(₁S₂, ₃S₂, ₁S₄, ₁S₀, ₁S₇, ₄S₂), 并与PREM模型的理论自由振荡周期进行了对比, 结果表明观测振荡周期与PREM预测的振荡周期吻合很好。 所得结果可以进一步用来研究地震震源机制和地球内部结构, 并对大地震的震源破裂分布给出一定的约束。     

Spheroidal Oscillations in the Earth Excited by the Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on the digital observational data from pendulum tilt-meters and water tube tilt-meters, the spheroidal free oscillations of the Earth, excited by the M_S8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008, were obtained using the method of power spectral density estimation without any calculation to erase solid tides. The result matches well with the PREM results. Compared to the theoretical free oscillation from the PREM model, all relative errors are concentrated on 0.1% except for _0S_7, whose relative error is greater than 0.3%. This research provides a new method to determine the spheroidal modes of Earth's free oscillations from observations of the pendulum tilt-meter and water tube tilt-meter, which may be useful in the future study of the Earth's free oscillations.     

Analysis of the Polarization of the Electric-Field Component of High-Latitude Pulsations of the Pc1 Range in the Coastal Zone

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The concept of “instantaneous” polarization of the horizontal electric component of the Pc1 pulsation field as measured by the coastal and base (offset from...     

JCZ－1型地震仪观测的地球环型自由振荡

我们首次采用JCZ－1型地震仪观测资料研究地球环型自由振荡,2011年日本9.0级地震、2010年智利8.8级地震和2005年印尼8.6级地震后武汉地震台JCZ－1型地震仪观测到了其激发的环型自由振荡,我们从中检测了基振型0T2 ~0T67和一次振型1T2 ~1T50等振型的本征周期,与PREM的理论值比较,误差比小于0.5%,补充了PREM中未提到的几次振型的本征周期：0T11、0T15、0T19、1T4、1T5、1T14,并观测到了日本地震0T2、0T6、0T7 和0T8振型的多峰值现象。研究结果也表明了JCZ－1型地震仪具有良好的观测超低频长周期地球自由振荡的能力。     

Free Oscillations of the Facula Node at the Stage of Slow Dissipation

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - A solar faculae having an appearance of quite long-lived magnetic nodes can perform (as well as sunspots, chromospheric filaments, coronal loops) free oscillations,...     

Relation between Hertz Range Artificial Pulsations and the Dynamics of the Auroral Electrojet: Experiment at the SPEAR Facility

We have analyzed the artificial pulsations detected in several cases in the hertz range in terms of the eastern electrojet dynamics. The pulsations were detected in 30% cases of pulse HF wave impact on the ionosphere during an experiment on modulated ionosphere heating at the Space Plasma Exploration by Active Radar (SPEAR) facility (Spitsbergen Archipelago) in November 2013. The pulsations occur when the polar edge of the eastern electrojet approaches the assumed region of influence on the ionosphere due to the northward drift of the electrojet or its extension with increased intensity. The pulsations vanish when the electrojet moves away from the influenced region, drifting southward. The beginning of pulsations is delayed by several minutes with respect to the starting of the HF transmitter. The pulsations are observed only in one of the horizontal components of the geomagnetic field at a distance of 50 km from the SPEAR facility, and they vanished at a distance of about 1300 km.     

Polarization of Pc1 Geomagnetic Pulsations as an Indicator of the Position of Their Source

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The article considers the scenario of the propagation of geomagnetic pulsations Pc1 from the region of their generation in the magnetosphere to a ground-based receiver,...     

数字化水位仪观测的苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型自由振荡

利用LN-3型数字化水位仪的观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,获得了2004年12月26日苏门答腊大地震激发的0S3～0S30基频球型自由振荡,并检测到2S1、1S2、1S3、2S5和2S6等5个谐频球型振荡,同时记录到一些明显的振型的谱线分裂现象。用水位观测资料提取了0S3、0S4和2S1等3个振型的谱线分裂周期,虽然3个振型均只得到2个单峰,但地球自由振荡谱线分裂现象的检测为研究地球的深内部结构提供了新的、不同类型的观测资料。研究表明,用数字化水位仪的观测资料可以提取到苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型振荡,为地球自由振荡的研究提供了一种新的观测手段。     

利用云南水管仪观测资料检测地球自由振荡

利用云南省数字化水管仪的观测资料,采用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,准确获得了2004年12月26日苏门答腊大地震激发的0S4～0S30基频球型自由振荡,并与前人的观测结果进行比较,同时对照了PREM模型的理论计算周期,发现水管仪观测与这三者符合得非常好,除0S4振型的观测周期和周期1、周期2、周期3的相对误差均大于0.3%外,其余的差别在3‰以下。研究表明,利用数字化水管仪观测资料的确可以提取到苏门答腊大地震激发的地球球型振荡,这就为地球自由振荡的研究提供了一种新的观测手段。     

利用琼中台重力观测资料检测智利地震所激发的地球自由振荡

基于琼中PET重力仪的数字化观测资料,利用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对重力资料进行任何(固体潮、气压)改正的情况下,准确获取了2010年2月27日智利发生巨大地震激发的0S8～0S29基频球型自由振荡。并与PREM模型理论自由振荡的周期进行对比分析,实测周期与PREM预测振荡周期是相吻合的,除0S10周期的相对误差为0.28%,其余周期误差均小于0.1%。结论对进一步研究地球的内部结构和震源机制具有一定的意义。     

Free Wobble of the Triaxial Earth: Theory and Comparisons with International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) Data

Earth’s free wobble is often referred to as the Euler wobble (for the rigid case) or the Chandler wobble for the real case. In this study, we investigate the theory of the free wobble of the triaxial Earth and demonstrate that: (1) the Euler period should actually be expressed by the complete elliptic integral of first kind, and (2) the trace of the free polar motion is elliptic, with the orientations of its semi-minor and major axes being approximately parallel to the Earth’s principal axes A and B, respectively. Numerical calculations show that, due to the triaxiality of the Earth, the spin rate ω ₃ fluctuates with the semi-Euler/Chandler period, although its amplitude (about 10⁻¹⁹ rad/s) is rather small and beyond the present measurement accuracy; the tilt of the instantaneous spin axis (or the amplitude of the free wobble), θ, has a fluctuation whose amplitude is around 0.34 milli-arcsecond (mas), which could be detected by present observations. Thus, we conclude that the Earth’s triaxial nature has little impact on ω ₃, but has an influence on the polar motion which should not be ignored. On the other hand, our study shows that there is a mechanism of frequency–amplitude modulation in the Chandler wobble which might be a candidate to explain the correlation between the amplitude and period of the Chandler wobble. We compare the theoretical polar parameters (m ₁, m ₂) with the observed values for the Chandler components obtained from the data EOP (IERS) C 04, and find that they coincide with each other quite well, especially for recent years. In addition, a polar wander towards 76.7°W, which is in agreement with previous results given by other scientists, is also obtained.     

The Role of Anisotropic Proton Pressure in the Generation of Geomagnetic Pulsations

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—The effect of hot anisotropic plasma on the development of cyclotron instability in the near-Earth space plasma at finite plasma pressure...     

基于小波变换的地磁脉动信号提取方法研究

观测获取的地磁资料,其中大多数要分析的信号如磁暴、亚暴、地磁脉动均是非平稳信号,它们以合成的形成而被记录下来.这些资料含有大量的非稳态成分.例如,偏移、趋始、突变、事件的起始与终止等.而这些信号成分往往都很重要,它们反映了所要研究的地磁信号的重要特征.它们的频域特性都是随时间而变化的.对这种时变信号进行分析,需要提取某一时段(有时是瞬间)的频域信息,或某一频段的时间信息.这就需要同时具有时间和频率分辨率的基函数来分析地磁信号.     

COSMO-SkyMed an existing opportunity for observing the Earth

COnstellation of small Satellites for Mediterranean basin Observation (COSMO-SkyMed) is the largest Italian investment in Space Systems for Earth Observation, commissioned and funded by Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Italian Ministry of Defence (MoD). COSMO-SkyMed is a Dual-Use (Civilian and Defence) end-to-end Earth Observation System aimed at establishing a global service supplying provision of data, products and services compliant with well-established international standards and relevant to a wide range of applications, such as Risk Management, Scientific and Commercial Applications and Defence Applications. The system consists of a constellation of four LEO mid-sized satellites, each equipped with a multi-mode high-resolution SAR operating at X-band. Three out of four COSMO-SkyMed satellites have been successfully launched the 8th of June, the 9th of December 2007 and the 25th of October 2008 respectively, while the remaining satellite will be deployed within 2010. COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 completed their commissioning phase to test, verify and qualify the overall system and from the 1st of August 2008 both satellites are in the operational phase. The third satellite is still performing its commissioning and it is expected to enter in operation in the second half of 2009. The results of the commissioning phase of COSMO-SkyMed 1 and 2 are presented together with the Scientific Mission Exploitation strategy (i.e. Announcement of Opportunity, Background Mission).     

Estimating the Frequency and Amplitude Parameters of the Serpentine-Emission Type of Geomagnetic Pulsations

Geomagnetic pulsations of the serpentine-emission (SE) type are considered. A method for estimating the frequency and amplitude parameters in the form of a time function for pulsations—SE and the accompanying spectral components—is suggested. An estimation algorithm is developed on the basis of local approximating polyharmonic models and weighted moving average filtration. Examples of the estimation of the frequency and amplitude parameters of SE pulsations are given. It is proposed that the procedure be used to calculate the estimation errors in SE pulsation frequency parameters and to choose the tuning parameters.     

Seiche Oscillations in the System of Sevastopol Bays

Water Resources - A linear approximation and a finite-element hydrodynamic model ADCIRC were used to study seiche oscillations in the system of Sevastopol bays caused by wave perturbations on the...