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验潮站观测的海面高度数据是监测海平面变化以及确定平均海面的重要基础观测信息,利用滑动时段法和时段累积法对验潮站不同观测时段相对海平面变化速率的差异进行了分析,讨论了时段选择效应对计算相对海平面变化的影响,并利用美国东海岸验潮站观测数据对分析结果进行了补充实验.实验结果表明,不同观测时段相对海平面变化速率差异最大可达27... 相似文献
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Tide gauge measurements are used for a variety of scientific purposes, not least of which are the definition of vertical data
and the detection of long-term variations in mean sea level. GPS measurements at tide gauge sites provide a means of separating
local verticl motions from sea level rise, and a means of unifying vertical data in a single reference system. This paper
describes a GPS survey to determine the positions and heights of reference stations at South African tide gauge sites. The
data were processed in baseline mode using a commercial software package.
The heights of the tide gauge stations relative to the fixed ITRF reference station HRAO were determined at a precision of
around 3 cm – better than 0.1 ppm. Analysis of the error sources showes that use of the precise ephemeris contributed to a
substantial improvement in accuracy, as did the use of ionosphere-free fixed integer baseline solutions. Variations in the
antenna phase centers also contributed significant changes in height. ? 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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在高精度GPS数据处理中,海潮的影响是一个不可忽略的因素。利用GAMIT软件解算2011年东南极沿海地区中国中山站及其周边6个IGS站的GPS数据,对比分析了FES2004、DTU10、EOT11a、GOT4.7、HAMTIDE11a、OSU12以及TPXO7.2等7个全球海潮模型在不同测站的海潮负荷差异,比较了海潮负荷对于GPS基线解的影响。结果表明,海潮负荷对GPS基线解的影响与测站所处位置及基线方位有关,达到cm级,相对影响达到10-8,因此,在高精度的GPS基线解算中必须考虑海潮的影响;但选用不同海潮模型对东南极沿海地区GPS基线解算的差异可忽略不计。 相似文献
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利用高精度GPS定位技术建立我国陆海垂直运动监测网 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
海平面变化是全球变化的重要监内容之一,但验潮站资料同的仅是海平面对于验潮站所在地块的相对变化。本文提出利用高精度GPS定位技术建立陆海垂直运动监测网监测海平面绝对变化的方法和原理,并对监测基准物稳定性及所能达到的精度进行了讨论,最后提出了建立我国陆海频繁垂直运动监测的实验方案。 相似文献
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The height changes of tide gauges directly influence sea level observation. For research of sea level variation in large region or globe, the land vertical displacement must be considered. Two sessions of GPS and absolute gravity observations in 2001 and 2003 are used to determine the horizontal and vertical motion of China coast in ITRF2000 and Eurasia frame. The difference between results of continuous observation and periodic observation is discussed. 相似文献
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LIU Genyou ZHU Yaozhong XU Houze ZHANG Weimin 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(4):244-249
IntroductionBecause of global temperature rising and glacierthawing,the sea level has risen about 10-25 cmin the past century[1]. The sea level change isone of the main ai ms in global change monito-ring. Presently the basic tool used in sea levelmonitori… 相似文献
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The absolute rate of mean sea level of Xiamen area is derived from the data of Xiamen tide gauge station and Xiamen GPS fiducial station of crustal movement observation network of China (CMONC). The height variation is discussed deeply in this paper. It is shown that height has periodic variations. So the rate of vertical land movement can not be precisely obtained only from several GPS campaigns. It is pointed out that the vertical crustal movement of tide gauge station should be monitored by using long-term continuous GPS observations. 相似文献
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JIAO Wenhai GUO Hairong FU Yang WEI Ziqing 《地球空间信息科学学报》2005,8(3):220-224
The absolute rate of mean sea level of Xiamen area is derived from the data of Xiamen tide gauge station and Xiamen GPS fiducial station of crustal movement observation network of China(CMONC). The height variation is discussed deeply in this paper, h is shown that height has periodic variations. So the rate of vertical land movement can not be precisely obtained only from several GPS campaigns. It is pointed out that the vertical crustal movement of tide gauge station should be monitored by using long-term continuous GPS observations. 相似文献
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采用中国地壳运动观测网络工程厦门基准站的GPS观测数据以及厦门验潮站的验潮数据,计算了厦门海域的海平面绝对变化速度,并就高程变化问题作了深入讨论,表明点位高程变化呈周期性,几期GPS连续观测受其影响不能得出实际的高程线性变化速率,指出了要监测验潮站的地壳垂直运动,最好采用多年连续的GPS观测数据。 相似文献
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与验潮站技术相比,岸基全球导航卫星定位系统干涉反射技术(GNSS-IR)海面测高成本较低,且其观测量不受地壳沉降的影响,并可利用目前已有的沿海岸GNSS固定站提供的数据反演海面高度。目前常用观测量为大地测量型GNSS接收机给出的信噪比(SNR)值,然而,早期很多GNSS设备的输出文件中都不包含该值,导致无法利用它们研究海面高度长期变化趋势。但经典的码伪距和载波相位观测值中,同样包含着GNSS-IR测高信息。本文分别引入单频码伪距和单频载波相位的组合,以及单频码伪距和双频载波相位的组合GNSS两种观测值的组合实现了岸基海面测高。本文采用模拟数据证明了基于前一组合的GNSS-IR测高精度受到电离层延迟残差的影响,而后一种组合可避免该误差项的影响。为验证两种组合方法的有效性,在山东威海一海上栈桥上开展了试验,采集了全球定位系统(GPS)和北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的观测数据,并处理得到了海面测高信息。最后,将反演结果与26 GHz雷达高度计的观测值进行了比较分析,发现二者具有较好的一致性,相关系数均优于85%。试验结果表明:两种码伪距和载波相位组合法均可用于GNSS-IR测高。另外,由于当前GNSS-IR测高受多种误差项影响,导致反演精度较低,使得后一种组合在避免电离层延迟残差方面的优越性并没有明显体现。本文组合方法的引入,增加了海面高度反演方法的多样性,提升了GNSS-IR测高技术的应用空间。 相似文献
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本文结合海图基本测量实例,总结了水位数据预处理、基准面确定、水位精度评估等实施步骤及技术细节。余水位同步变化曲线与精度评估结果能直观、严谨地确定余水位强相关验潮站。经严密论证,在大亚湾海域应用基于余水位监控与潮汐模型的水位改正法,能满足水深测量精度,符合相关规范要求,可替代传统水位改正方法,优化验潮站布设方案,减少验潮站数量。 相似文献
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H. Bâki Iz 《Journal of Geodesy》2006,80(1):40-46
Although there are over 1,800 globally distributed tide gauge stations, only a few hundred of them are suitable for monitoring and analyzing global mean sea level (MSL) changes. This is because several tide gauge records span short periods of time and therefore their trend estimates are adversely affected by unmodeled systematic sea level changes such as seasonal, interannual, decadal variations. This limitation can be improved by using more elaborate models that account for systematic fluctuations in MSL for shorter time-series. In this study, analytic expressions were derived to analyze and quantify the epoch-by-epoch and lump-sum effects of these systematic changes to the local MSL trend estimates as a function of the time-series‘ lengths. The numerical results reveal that systematic MSL variations, particularly transient/episodic ones, if they are not properly modeled or omitted from the models, will bias the trend estimates for the tide gauge data series around the world by up to 0.6 mm/year for the 50-year time-series that are needed for more reliable inferences about global MSL. Random effects, which are not a factor in estimating MSL trends for the long-term (>50 years) time-series, need to be scrutinized together with the systematic errors for time-series shorter than 50 years. 相似文献
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我国近海平均海面及其变化的研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
建立了计算平均海面及其变化的动态抗差模型,并把它与计算平均海面的平均值法、抗差法和动态模型法作了实测数据的计算和比较,表明动态抗差模型不仅能顾及海面动态变化反应,而且能削弱海面异常变化的影响,其结果更稳定可靠,优于其他方法。最后应用动态抗差模型,计算了我国42个验潮站的平均海面及其变化,结果表明,从50年代到70提供,我国近海的海面平均以0.621mm/a的速率上升。 相似文献
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长江口水域地形地貌研究对河道治理建设、水上交通运输等人类社会经济活动具有重要意义,而建立高精度的无缝深度基准面及其与其他垂直基准间转换模型将直接影响到水陆交界区高精度地形地貌数据的获取及统一综合管理与分析。为此着重研究了基于三维潮波运动数值模拟、海面地形和大地水准面3种手段联合的河口水域无缝深度基准面构建及其与其他垂直基准间转换模型,并在长江口南支这一典型河口水域进行了建模实验和模型精度评估分析。结果显示,垂直基准转换模型中误差为12.4 cm,与现场长期潮位站实际观测结果比对分析得垂直基准转换模型误差绝对值均值为24.2 cm,尽管大于模型中误差估值,但仍满足国际水道测量规范对测深中垂向最大不确定度的要求。 相似文献
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Vertical velocities of 30 European permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) stations at or close to tide gauge sites are estimated from more than 3 years of continuous observations. The results of two different solution strategies are presented and compared. The first approach accumulates the daily free network normal equations, the second introduces all sets of daily ellipsoidal height estimates and their covariance matrix into a subsequent common least squares adjustment. In both solutions, mean station heights at a reference epoch, linear vertical velocities, height discontinuities and short period height offsets are estimated. The second approach solves in addition for periodic annual signals and for site-specific pressure loading coefficients. The vertical velocities range from +8 mm/year in the center of the Fennoscandian uplift area to –4 mm/year at a few subsiding locations. Apart from these extrema, most of the sites experience only very small vertical motions. The standard deviations from the second approach providing more realistic error estimates are well below 0.15 mm/year. Some specific data problems are discussed. 相似文献
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We present a new approach to estimate precise long-term vertical land motion (VLM) based on double-differences of long tide gauge (TG) and short altimetry data. We identify and difference rates of pairs of highly correlated sea level records providing relative VLM estimates that are less dependent on record length and benefit from reduced uncertainty and mitigated biases (e.g. altimeter drift). This approach also overcomes the key limitation of previous techniques in that it is not geographically limited to semi-enclosed seas and can thus be applied to estimate VLM at TGs along any coast, provided data of sufficient quality are available. Using this approach, we have estimated VLM at a global set of 86 TGs with a median precision of 0.7 mm/year in a conventional reference frame. These estimates were compared to previous VLM estimates at TGs in the Baltic Sea and to estimates from co-located Global Positioning System (GPS) stations and Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) predictions. Differences with respect to the GPS and VLM estimates from previous studies resulted in a scatter of around 0.6 mm/year. Differences with respect to GIA predictions had a larger scatter in excess of 1 mm/year. Until satellite altimetry records reach enough length to estimate precise VLM at each TG, this new approach constitutes a substantial advance in the geodetic monitoring of TGs with major applications in long-term sea level change and climate change studies. 相似文献