不同联合预处理对褐煤厌氧发酵产甲烷的影响

高效实用的预处理方式对提高甲烷产量具有重要的作用,但单一的预处理方式往往较难获得满意效果,尤其是针对组成成分复杂的褐煤而言,对其后续产甲烷性能的影响更是存在不确定性。为探讨不同联合预处理对褐煤厌氧发酵产甲烷的影响,以1.00%HCl+5.00%H₂O₂(1号)、6.00%NaOH+5.00%H₂O₂(2号)、1.00%HCl+10.00 g木质素酶(3号)、6.00%NaOH+10.00 g木质素酶(4号)、5.00%H₂O₂+10.00 g木质素酶(5号)等不同联合预处理褐煤为实验组,未经预处理煤样为对照组(6号),在适宜菌种来源和环境条件下进行厌氧发酵产甲烷实验。利用比色法、气质联用法、扫描电镜等对联合预处理产甲烷过程中的糖类、挥发性脂肪酸含量及煤降解特征进行分析,以揭示其影响机理。结果表明:①不同联合预处理均可以增加褐煤发酵产甲烷量。4与5号联合预处理效果较好,累积甲烷产量分别是20.36 mL/g与8.83 mL/g,相比6号对照样分别提高了24.24倍与10.51倍。②各实验组COD(化学需氧量)去除率均高于对照组,且反应前后菌液pH波动值小。③反应初期3号实验组多糖含量最低(0.37 μg/mL),6号多糖含量最高(2.15 μg/mL),且均呈现出先下降后上升的总体趋势。④ 2、3与5号实验组还原糖含量在整个反应过程中保持较高值,且反应末期各产气组糖类含量均不为零。⑤不同联合预处理均可以促进乙酸、丁酸的降解并提高产气率。不同条件下的褐煤产甲烷量与转化率变化特征,证实了联合预处理煤增产生物甲烷的有效性,可为煤制生物气技术的产业化应用提供借鉴。      

Sorption of methane on lignite from Polish deposits

Coal samples from Miocene lignite deposits (ortholignite—ECE-UN 2002) in Belchatow, Adamow, Konin and Turow (Poland) were analyzed to determine the relationships between coal properties and gas capacity.Investigations presented here addressed the occurrence of methane sorbet in lignite deposits within Poland's largest penetrated lignite deposits (e.g., Belchatow, Adamow, Turow and Konin).Lignite samples collected from surface mines were detritic coal with variable contents of xylites. The highest level of xylites (up to 25 vol.%) was found in carbon samples taken from the Belchatow deposit. Samples from other mines contained no more than 10 vol.% xylites. Petrographic compositions were dominated by huminite group macerals (73-88 vol.%) with atrinite, densinite and texto-ulminite, a porous form of ulminite; inertinite groups were less important components (4-8 vol.%).Isotherms were determined for methane sorption at 298 K with test pressure ranges below 1.2 MPa. At a pressure of 1.0 MPa, the largest gas capacity of approximately 1.7 [dm³ STP/kg] was found in the sample from Belchatow. This result may have been attributable to differences in the porosity of the samples; the porosity of the sample from Belchatow was twice as high as the porosities of the other coal samples. This variation in porosity resulted from the lithologic and maceral composition of the coal sample that contained substantial quantities of porous textinite and texto-ulminite.The thermal sorption equation was used to determine the limiting values of isosteric enthalpy of sorption, which suggested weak interactions between methane and the lignite matrix. The residual gas capacity of the tested samples was also determined.All samples exhibited a high residual methane-bearing capacity, which may not only cause methane to be released from coal at a pressure of 1 bar but also may pose a gas risk during mining operations.     

褐煤生物产气规律及其液相体系中阳离子变化特征

为研究褐煤生物产气规律及其液相体系中常见阳离子变化特征,以内蒙古胜利褐煤为产气底物,寺河矿区煤层气井排采水中微生物作为发酵菌群,利用5 L厌氧发酵罐进行模拟生物产气实验,采用离子色谱仪对发酵液中的NH₄+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+和Na+5种阳离子浓度进行动态监测。结果表明:煤模拟生物产气周期为33 d,分为缓慢增长期、快速增长期和平缓期3个阶段,33 d单位质量煤净产甲烷量最高达23 μmol/g;产气体系中NH₄+（741.5 mg/L）和K+（994.5 mg/L）离子质量浓度变化最为明显,Ca2+（26 mg/L）、Mg2+（10.7 mg/L）和Na+（72 mg/L）次之,表明发酵液中5种阳离子均参与了褐煤生物产气过程,且被不同程度地释放和利用;褐煤生物产气量与阳离子浓度有一定相关性,单位质量煤产气量与NH₄+和K+浓度呈正相关,与Ca2+、Mg2+浓度呈负相关。此外,NH₄+和K+以及Ca2+和Mg2+之间浓度呈显著正相关。由实验结果可知:褐煤生物产气液相体系中4+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+和Na+5种阳离子会随着煤中有机组分的厌氧降解而缓慢释放、再吸附,同时可被微生物利用参与细胞内的生物化学反应。      

煤中游离气含量估算方法及应用

为了探讨不同煤级煤储层中游离气含量分布特征,本文基于游离气主要存在于煤孔隙中的认识,优化了游离气含量估算方法,并利用全国典型含煤地区包含从褐煤到无烟煤的42组不同煤级煤的煤层气参数测试数据,采用优化的游离气含量估算方法计算了不同煤样的游离气含量,并与解吸气含量结果进行了比较。结果表明:煤中游离气含量所占总气含量的比例随镜质体平均最大反射率增高呈减小趋势,在褐煤到无烟煤三号阶段的所占比例分布在2.13%~33.25%;游离气含量和解吸气含量与镜质体平均最大反射率关系均呈"双峰"特征,但双峰峰值大小顺序正好相反,游离气含量在肥煤阶段的峰值高于无烟煤三号阶段,总气含量与镜质体平均最大反射率关系主要受控于解吸气含量。      

Petrological and geochemical considerations to predict oil potential of Rajpardi and Vastan lignite deposits of Gujarat, western India

This paper entails the results of the investigations undertaken to assess the oil potential of two lignite deposits, Rajpardi and Vastan, from Gujarat, western India. They are ‘Low rank B’ type lignite. Petrographically, they are enriched in huminite and are low in liptinite and inertinite. Their elevated hydrogen content, in relation to carbon, has probably made them perhydrous in nature and oil prone. The reactivity of these coals during liquefaction has also been discussed in the light of petrofactor. Good correlation has been noticed between oil yield and conversion (r² = 0.999) in both the lignite deposits. The VRr (0.24–0.35% in both lignites), H/C atomic ratio (0.11–1.39 in Rajpardi and 1.09–1.88 in Vastan), reactive maceral content (91.6–99.8 vol % mmf in Rajpardi lignite and 75.5–99.7 vol % in Vastan lignite) and VM_daf (64.8–67.9 wt % in Rajpardi lignite and 42.1–80.0 wt % in Vastan lignite) of these lignites have a favourable range required for a coal to generate oil. Huminite is seen to play a vital role in conversion and maintains a good correlation with it. The calculations show that these lignites have a high conversion (> 95%) and oil yield (> 65%).     

褐煤煤层气储集特征及气含量确定方法

褐煤基质中的孔隙以中孔、大孔为主。实验表明,褐煤对甲烷的吸附能力很低;褐煤基质中的游离气含量通常占总气含量的50%以上。因此,传统的煤层气含量确定方法不适用于褐煤。本文建立了褐煤煤层气含量的确定方法,将吸附气含量与相应储层压力及温度条件下的游离气含量相加,即得到褐煤总的气含量等温线。利用这条等温线,即可获得该温度下不同储层压力时的气含量值。      

Geotechnical properties of the Ptolemais lignite

Summary The paper describes an investigation of the geotechnical properties of the Ptolemais lignite (brown coal) and shows that the soil mechanics principles used in the study of natural and cemented soils are applicable. The material has a high and variable void ratio incompatible with its preconsolidation pressure, which may be attributed to the existence of structure (chemical bonding). Bond strength and degradation have been studied and are found to be isotropic, while the stress-strain response in the prevield domain is intensely cross-anisotropic. The shear strength determined from triaxial CU and CD tests is variable but strongly dependent on the in situ moisture content. Tests on high quality intact specimens having a wide range of moisture contents (100–150%) verify a hypothesis that the magnitude of bond strength (expressed by the peak shear strength) is inversely proportional to the moisture content. A Hvorslev-type normalization process shows that the peak shear strength of the material can be estimated from the in situ moisture content with reasonable accuracy, thus facilitating preliminary stability calculations of production cuts in lignite mines. The properties of the Ptolemais lignite are compared with the properties of a lignite from another location in Greece (Megalopolis) and an Australian lignite (Morwell). It is shown that the shear strength characteristics of the lignite types studied are similar and strongly dependent on the in situ moisture content, which seems to be a measure of the magnitude of inter-particle bonding.     

中国南部新生代聚煤带第三系硅质-碳酸盐煤核特征及地质意义

在中国南部第三纪聚煤带煤盆地中,新近发现一种煤核。通过野外观察和室内光薄片鉴定、矿物X射线粉晶衍射、光谱与岩石化学分析以及古植物解剖证实,其矿物成分以石英或方解石或菱铁矿为主,少量或微量蒙脱石、白云石、黄铁矿。煤核全部为矿化了的成煤植物。植物种属以松属为主,枫杨、槭和山毛榉等属次之。系成岩过程中,成煤植物枝干先压缩变形.后由含有顶板物质成分的硅质、钙质或铁质地下溶液渗入煤层,对它进行充填交代而成。     

A preliminary study on the enrichment mechanism and occurrence of hazardous trace elements in the Tertiary lignite from the Shenbei coalfield, China

The Cr and Ni contents are high in the Eocene lignite of the Shenbei coalfield, which is a small intracontinental basin located in Liaoning Province, China. In this paper, we studied the distribution, origin and occurrence of Cr, Ni and other hazardous trace elements in the Shenbei lignite on the basis of coal petrology, and geochemistry of the lignite and combustion products. The following conclusions on the Shenbei lignite can be drawn: (1) The dominant maceral group in the Shenbei coal is huminite (humodetrinite), accounting for 96%–99% of the total maceral. Inertinite content is less than 1%. Liptinite content (sporinite and cutinite) is 0.2–1.6%. Common minerals in the Shenbei lignite include clay minerals (kaolinite), pyrite and quartz, and calcite and siderite. Chromite is not present in the lignite. (2) Potentially hazardous trace elements such as Co (22 μg/g), Cr (79 μg/g), Cu (63 μg/g), Zn (93 μg/g), V (88 μg/g) and Ni (75 μg/g) are strongly enriched in the Shenbei lignite compared with average concentration of trace elements in the Chinese coal and worldwide lignite. These elements are mainly associated with fulvic acid (FA) and/or coal organic macromolecular compounds in most of the studied lignite samples, indicating an organic association and enrichment of these elements in the Shenbei lignite. (3) Unusually high trace elements contents in the Shenbei lignite are derived mainly from the olivine basalt (country rock of coal basin) that consists of 52.7% plagioclase, 17.8% pyroxene, 14% olivine and 15.5% Ti–Fe oxide minerals. These olivine basalts have higher Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn contents than other types of rock and worldwide basalts do. (4) Fly ash of the Shenbei lignite, with 90% 1–50 μm amorphous particles and 8% 1–10 μm cenosphere, has high contents of Zn (23,707 μg/g), Be (12 μg/g), Sr (1574 μg/g), Pb (486 μg/g) and Cr (349 μg/g). In particular, the ferruginous micro-cenoshperes contain 1–12.79% Zn. Fine bottom ash (<0.031mm) of the Shenbei lignite has higher contents for most of the elements with the exception of Mo, Sn and Zn. Therefore, the potentially environmental and health impact of the fly ash and fine bottom ash should constitute a major concern.     

The Elbistan lignite field

Samples have been taken systematically from a sequence of immature lignite deposited as a large reserve in Elbistan (37° 48′ N 37° 51′E) 1.5–2 m.y. ago during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition. The lignite has a high volatile content of 60–70% and a huminite reflectance of 0.27 ± 0.03.     

Methane exchange between coal-bearing basins and the atmosphere: the Ruhr Basin and the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany

A precise knowledge of methane exchange processes is required to fully understand the recent rise of atmospheric methane concentration. Three of these processes take place at the lithosphere/atmosphere boundary: bacterial consumption of methane and emission of bacterial or thermogenic methane. This study was initiated to quantify these processes on a regional scale in the Ruhr Basin and the Lower Rhine Embayment. Since these areas are subject to bituminous coal and lignite mining, natural and anthropogenically-induced methane exchange processes could be studied. The methane emission and consumption rates and their carbon isotope signal were measured at the lithosphere/atmosphere boundary using flux chambers. On most of the soils studied, methane consumption by bacteria was identified. Thermogenic methane was released only at some of the natural faults examined. In active and abandoned bituminous coal mining areas methane emissions were restricted to small areas, where high emission rates were measured. The carbon isotope composition of methane at natural faults and in mining subsidence troughs was typical of thermogenic methane (−45 to −32 ‰ δ¹³C). Methane exchange balancing revealed that natural methane emissions from these two basins represent no source of atmospheric importance. However, methane release by upcast mining shafts dominates the methane exchange processes and is by about two orders of magnitude greater than methane consumption by bacterial oxidation in the soils.     

不同煤阶煤应力敏感特征及其控制机理

煤储层应力敏感降低储层渗透率,进而影响煤层气井产能,如何降低排采中的应力敏感性影响值得深入研究。为了弄清不同煤阶煤储层的应力敏感性特征及差异性,分别采集樊庄高煤阶煤、保德中煤阶煤和二连低煤阶褐煤的样品,系统开展加载和卸载过程中不同煤阶煤的应力敏感性实验,并对应力敏感的产生机理进行分析。结果表明,随煤阶的升高,煤样的应力敏感性逐渐增强,含明显裂缝的样品敏感性更强。加载有效应力10 MPa条件下,相比初始渗透率,二连低煤阶褐煤样品渗透率下降79.26%,卸载后不可逆渗透率损害率平均33.4%;保德中煤阶煤样渗透率下降79.4%,卸载后不可逆渗透率损害率平均51.4%;樊庄高煤阶煤样加载后渗透率下降92.33%,卸载后渗透率只能恢复30%左右。产生这种差异的机理主要是由于不同煤阶煤的物质组成、孔裂隙结构以及渗流通道不同造成的。低煤阶煤变质程度低,主要发育大、中孔隙,割理–裂隙不发育,为基质孔隙–喉道渗流,渗透率主要受连通喉道控制,应力加载时主要是大、中孔压缩变形严重,而尺度较小的喉道受压缩变形小,因而其应力敏感性相对弱;而高煤阶煤孔隙以微、小孔为主,镜质组含量高,割理–裂隙发育,控制其渗透性,应力加载时微、小孔难以被压缩,而裂隙抗变形能力弱,易发生韧性变形破坏或闭合,卸载后也难以恢复,表现出强应力敏感特征。考虑到高煤阶煤储层埋深更大、应力更高,因此其应力敏感性对产能伤害大,排采初期宜以较小强度进行,降低不可逆渗透率伤害,扩大压降范围;而低煤阶煤储层本身应力低、渗透率较高,应力敏感对产能影响相对较小,排水期可适当加快速度,提高排水效率。      

不同煤级煤及其萃余物吸附性能的研究

采用不同溶剂对褐煤、焦煤、低级无烟煤(Ro,max2.62%)以及中级无烟煤(Ro,max3.74%)等四个煤级煤样进行分级超声萃取,然后对原煤和萃余物进行平衡水预湿的方法,进行了等温吸附实验,并结合孔隙结构测试和水分含量变化,分析了溶剂萃取后萃余物的吸附性能变化及其影响因素。研究发现:(1)平衡水条件下,原煤对甲烷的吸附能力要大于萃余物,萃取后,尽管煤的组成和孔隙结构发生了变化,但并不能改变不同煤级煤吸附甲烷的能力的对比关系;(2)原煤和各级萃余物都发生了到某一压力后,吸附量随着压力增加而下降的现象,褐煤及其萃余物甚至出现负值,这可能是由超临界状态下吸附相的体积忽视后带来的效应和煤基质在压力、水分作用发生膨胀以及随着压力增加,水分在吸附孔隙中占据吸附点位的增多,造成甲烷有效吸附点位的减少等综合作用的结果。研究认为,在讨论影响不同煤化作用的煤吸附能力的因素时,应该首先考虑到煤级对吸附能力的影响;对煤化程度相近的煤,其他因素如孔隙结构和水分的变化对吸附的影响才显现,但对不同煤级煤吸附性的主要影响因素也不尽相同。在煤层气吸附研究中,吸附量下降现象应该是一个共性,其机理的解释和寻求正确的吸附相体积校正,以及一定压力下,煤基质在水分作用下发生膨胀对吸附性的影响的规律描述,都是亟待解决的重要问题。     

Depositional setting and geometric structure of the Beypazari lignite deposits, Central Anatolia, Turkey

The Neogene Beypazari basin is one of the important coal districts of Central Anatolia with approximately 600 million short tons lignite reserves. The coal-bearing Neogene sediments occurring in the Beypazari basin are divided into seven formations, in ascending order; Çoraklar, Hirka, Akpinar, Çayirhan, Bozbelen and Kirmir Formations with Sariyar Limestone and Teke volcanics.The Çoraklar Formation consists of cross-bedded sandstones, channel-fill conglomerates, mudstones, carbonaceous shales and volcanoclastic pebblestones, which are fluvial in origin. The lower lignite seam occurs in the lower part of the Çoraklar Formation.The upper lignite seam occurs in the uppermost part of the Çoraklar Formation and is overlain by the Hirka Formation with a sharp contact. The Hirka Formation consists mainly of alternating shale, mudstone, bituminous shale, claystone, tuffite and silicified limestone, and they all are apparently of lacustrine origin.The lignite deposite occur in the Çayirhan and Koyunaǧili parts of the Beypazari Neogene basin. The Çayirhan coal field consists of lower and upper lignite seams, but the Koyunaǧili field contains only an upper lignite seam.The lower lignite seam, which does not crop out at the surface, indicates a fluvial origin of the lignite deposits, based on the lateral discontinuity and the lower sulphur content of the lower lignite seam, and the sedimentologic and stratigraphic features of the associated sediments. But the uniform stratigraphic and sedimentologic features, high sulphur content and wide-spread distribution of the upper lignite seam indicate that the upper lignites were deposited probably in a mud-flat facies of playa-lake environment. The lower and upper lignites are completely different in relation to the depositional environment, the geometry and degree of rank in lateral directions.The lateral spreading and geometry of the lower lignite deposits were controlled by channel, floodplain and well-drained marshes of a fluvial system. On the basis of recent drillings and field investigations, the lower lignite deposit has been demonstrated to be a linear spreading parallel to the axis of the channel fills and throughcross beds in clastic sediments of fluvial facies. Therefore, the lower lignite deposits trend along a northeastern direction and is not expected to be as widely spread as the upper lignites.     

东三江地区新近系褐煤煤质特征

东三江地区新近系中一上新统富锦组含有巨厚层褐煤,其含煤性以朝阳、七星河区为最好,主要可采煤层为6、10号煤层,根据大量煤质数据分析,煤的显微组分均以镜质组占绝对优势,其含量在75％左右,惰质组含量约占3％,灰分产率为20％,挥发分产率为55％,朝阳区10号煤层全硫含量平均为0．24％,七星河区为0．13％,根据煤质特征综合分析．富锦组煤层属特高挥发分、低磷-特低磷、低硫-特低硫、中灰、富油、中-富腐殖酸高热值褐煤。     

扬子地台寒武系泥页岩甲烷吸附特征

对采自扬子地区寒武系黄柏岭组、幕府山组和牛蹄塘组的泥页岩进行了甲烷吸附性能及影响因素研究。所分析页岩的TOC含量在1.08%～4.16%之间;粘土矿物含量在36.7%～62.3%之间。页岩样品甲烷吸附量测定结果显示,寒武系页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量与页岩TOC含量之间总体上呈正相关性,表明有机质丰度是控制页岩甲烷吸附能力的重要因素。而粘土矿物总含量与页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量之间缺乏相关性,仅蒙脱石含量与页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量呈正相关性,显示个别粘土矿物具有较强的甲烷吸附及影响页岩吸附性能的作用。寒武系不同地区页岩吸附性能存在显著差异,遵义牛蹄塘组页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在2.76～5.30mL/g之间;南京幕府山组页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在1.36～4.35mL/g之间;池州黄柏岭组泥页岩甲烷最大理论吸附量在1.63～2.72mL/g之间。此外,寒武系不同地区页岩有机碳含量与甲烷吸附量之间关系变化很大,显示页岩吸附量不仅受有机质丰度类型的影响,而且受有机质成熟度、区域地质演化以及粘土矿物吸附等多种因素制约。     

Upgrading of high moisture content lignite

Summary Removal of inherent moisture from run-of-mine lignite was tested by lock-feeding the lignite, which was previously sized by screening into 25 kg autoclaves. High pressure, up to 4.053 MPa (588 psi), saturated steam was then introduced into the pressure reactor. Reaction time, pressure, temperature and depressurization rates were strictly controlled for each reactor test run. Results indicate that about 80% of lignite total moisture was removed, including some of the inherent moisture, yielding a nonoxidized, and thus stable, lignite product. Some reduction of noncombustible portions of the lignite also took place. The conclusion reached as a result of the tests is that the steam-drying process can be successfully applied to reducing moisture in lignite, and may be considered for additional studies on acceleration of the coalification process.     

Application of Greek lignite as an additive for controlling rheological and filtration properties of water–bentonite suspensions at high temperatures: A review

This review paper presents the results of an extensive study investigating whether addition of 3% w/w Greek lignite to 6.42% w/w water–bentonite suspensions, after being exposed to high temperatures, can prevent gelation and control filtration characteristics. Two different bentonites and eight lignites from different Greek basins have been used while a commercial lignite product has been used as standard. The lignite-free bentonite suspensions heated to 177 °C for 16 h (thermal aging) thicken considerably, increasing the yield stress and the yield point. Fluid consistency and flow behavior indices also change while no significant change is observed for plastic viscosity. Thermal aging of the suspensions results in unacceptably high fluid loss values.Addition of Greek lignite to water–bentonite suspensions, followed by thermal aging, provided the rheological stability of the suspensions by maintaining the low yield stress/point regardless of the type of bentonite. Some of the lignites performed as well as their commercial counterpart. No specific trends for rheological improvement have been identified with respect to various characteristics of lignites such as contents of humic, fulvic acids, humins and other parameters such as specific surface area and cation exchange capacity.Furthermore, addition of lignite in most cases provided very good filtration control of the water–bentonite suspensions after exposure to 177 °C, with some Greek lignites being superior to the commercial product. The same lignite parameters examined for rheological control, were also examined to determine their effect on fluid loss of these suspensions for both bentonites. The content of humic and fulvic acids of two groups of lignites showed weak inverse correlations with the fluid loss volumes for both bentonites, while all other parameters did not seem to directly correlate with the effectiveness of the lignites.     

Depositional conditions of the coal-bearing Hirka Formation beneath Late Miocene explosive volcanic products in NW central Anatolia,Turkey

This work focuses on the relationship between the coal deposition and explosive volcanism of the Miocene basin, NW central Anatolia, Turkey. The coal-bearing Hirka Formation was deposited over the Galatian Andesitic Complex and/or massive lagoonal environments during the Miocene. The investigated lignite is a high ash (from 32 to 58%) and sulphur (from 1.43 to 3.03%) lignite which is petrographically characterised by a high humunite content. The mineral matter of the studied lignite samples is made up of mainly clay minerals (illite-smectite and kaolinite), plagioclase and quartz in Bolu coal field, clay minerals (illite-smectite, smectite and illite), quartz, calcite, plagioclase and gypsum in Seben coal field, quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and clay minerals (kaolinite and illite) in K?br?sc?k, and dolomite, quartz, clinoptilolite, opal CT and gypsum in Çaml?dere coal field. The differences in these four types of lignite with specific mineralogical patterns may be due to the explosive volcanic events and depositional conditions which changed from one coal field to the others. There is a zonation from SW to SE in the studied area for zeolites such as Opal CT+smectite-clinoptilolite-analcime-K-feldspar. Carbonate minerals are commonly calcite in Seben and K?br?sc?k coal fields. In Bolu, coal samples are devoid of calcite and dolomite. These analyses show that there is an increase in the amount of Mg and a decrease in the amount of Na from the northwestern part to the southern part in the study area.     

煤层产甲烷菌对胍胶的生物降解实验

胍胶压裂液的低温破胶问题事关煤层的增透效果,为探讨产甲烷菌群对胍胶生物降解的影响,以内蒙古某矿褐煤样品为研究对象,以富集的新鲜矿井水为菌源,配比不同浓度的胍胶与煤的混合液,开展生物甲烷代谢实验。以产气总量、CH₄含量、胍胶分子官能团和C、H元素含量变化以及液相产物等指标表征煤层产甲烷菌群对胍胶的生物降解特性。实验结果表明:加入胍胶能提高煤制生物气产量,代谢后体系溶液黏度明显降低;降解后胍胶大分子中C、H元素的含量明显下降,胍胶的表面粗糙度增加;胍胶降解后主要特征峰表现为-OH基团及C-O基团的含量减少,甲基官能团振动吸收峰消失;生物降解溶液中葡萄糖醛酸含量增加。实验验证了煤层产甲烷菌对胍胶的降解作用及效果,为胍胶压裂液的低温破胶技术提供了有力依据。