新疆阿尔泰红柱石-矽线石型变质带的独居石年龄及其地质意义

新疆阿尔泰地区的红柱石-矽线石型递增变质带,由绿泥石-黑云母带、黑云母-石榴石带、石榴石-十字石带、十字石-红柱石带和矽线石带组成;递增变质作用峰期温度、压力分别为T=580～680℃、P=4.0～5.1kbar;递增变质作用形成的变质岩中含有丰富的独居石副矿物,而且Th-U-Pb含量比较高,适合电子探针独居石化学法定年。依据电子探针独居石Th-U-Pb化学法(CHIME法)定年,变质时代为(262±10)～(264±22)Ma。表明红柱石-矽线石型递增变质带形成于二叠纪中期,为古亚洲洋闭合时间提供了直接的年代学依据。     

新疆阿尔泰造山带变质作用演化及其地质意义

阿尔泰造山带发育了一系列低压红柱石型与中压蓝晶石型变质带．红柱石型变质带发育了黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带、十字石-红柱石带、矽线石带、矽线石-堇青石带：蓝晶石型发育了黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带、蓝晶石带、矽线石带．中压的蓝晶石序列估算温度为445～747．6℃，压力为0．64～0．95GPa中压序列随变质作用增加．压力有增高趋势：低压的红柱石序列温度445～681℃．压力0．3～0．8GP乱自十字石带后．压力明显降低．可能是靠近热源而导致早期中压痕迹消失．因此红柱石型变质带不是一个正常的变质演化系列．蓝晶石型变质早于红柱石型变质．蓝晶石型变质序列可能与晚古生代弧-陆碰撞事件有关．红柱石序列的形成可能与碰撞相关的广泛花岗岩体侵入及中压岩石抬升有关．     

中国阿尔泰造山带变质作用PTSt演化和热-构造-片麻岩穹窿形成机制

中国阿尔泰造山带中发育了一系列热-构造-片麻岩穹窿(简称 TSG穹窿)。由低级变质区向TSG穹窿中心,发育了绢云母-绿泥 石带、黑云母带、石榴石带、十字石带、蓝晶石(红柱石)带、夕线石- 堇青石(夕线石-石榴石)带、混合岩带、混合花岗片麻岩岩田。递增 变质带、混合岩带、混合花岗片麻岩的形成演化顺序与其由外部向 TSG穹窿中心在空间上的排布序列一致。由黑云母带至混合花岗片 麻岩,变质作用及花岗岩化作用的高峰温度由400℃递增至800℃, 而压力由1.05GPa递减至0.10GPa。造山带变质作用过程可以 用压力-温度-空间-时间模式(PTSt)描述。TSG穹窿是主期造山幕中,沿造山带中一系列区域热动力异常中心,深部热流、构造流上涌,发生递增变质作用、花岗岩化作用以及差异性隆起的过程中形成的。     

阿尔泰阿祖拜地区递增变质带特征及演化

新疆阿尔泰阿祖拜地区发育两种类型区域变质作用,第一种为区域低温动力变质作用,第二种为区域动力热流变质作用.阿祖拜地区递增变质带是后者的典型代表之一,从花岗岩体外接触带依次发育矽线石-堇青带、红柱石-十字石带、黑云母-石榴石带,递增变质作用强度呈逐渐减弱趋势.结合变形变质作用特征和同位素年龄,可识别出3个变形变质阶段.早期阶段以区域低温动力变质作用为主,形成绿片岩相变质岩石组合;峰期阶段为区域动力热流变质作用,形成典型的递增变质带;晚期阶段则属退化变质作用.不同变质作用类型代表了不同大地构造环境,记录了造山带演化历史年和动力学过程.     

新疆阿尔泰造山带低压变质作用相平衡研究

通过对阿尔泰造山带低压型变质序列中典型泥质岩石进行详细的岩相学及相平衡研究,获得黑云母带变质作用的温度为445～550℃和压力为0.2～0.6 GPa;石榴石带为480～566℃、0.54±0.22 GPa;十字石带601±20℃、0.8±0.25GPa;十字石-红柱石带540±20℃、0.32±0.05 GPa,而632.4℃、0.785 GPa这个值不是红柱石的稳定范围,这可能是其早期中压变质作用条件;矽线石带为640℃、0.43 GPa左右,由于石榴石中有蓝晶石包体,因此其早期也可能经历中压条件的变质;堇青石-矽线石带740～800℃、0.4～0.7 GPa。阿尔泰造山带低压变质序列不是一个正常的变质序列,其野外变质梯度呈现“Z”字型特征。阿尔泰造山带低压变质作用可能形成于早期中压变质岩的挤压抬升和以此相关的大量花岗岩侵入的构造环境中。     

浙西南八都群泥质麻粒岩的变质演化与pT轨迹

浙西南古元古界八都群是目前华夏地块最古老的变质基底,以往研究认为其变质程度仅达角闪岩相。近来在对遂昌地区八都群富铝片麻岩的研究过程中,发现了具有"石榴石+夕线石+正/反条纹长石+黑云母"特征组合的泥质麻粒岩,表明该地体曾经历麻粒岩相变质改造。通过岩相学与矿物化学分析,确定该岩石经历了3个阶段的演化过程,即:早期进变质阶段(M1),形成"石榴石+黑云母+白云母+夕线石+斜长石+石英"的矿物组合;变质峰期阶段(M2-3),形成"石榴石+夕线石+三元长石+黑云母+石英"的矿物组合;峰期后降压冷却阶段(M4),形成"黑云母+白云母+新生斜长石+石英"的矿物组合。岩石中石榴石普遍发育与降温过程有关的扩散成分环带和与降压过程有关的斜长石后生合晶。通过石榴石-黑云母温度计和GASP压力计估算变质峰期的温压条件为800~850℃、0.6~0.7 GPa,峰期后退变质阶段的温压条件为560~590℃、0.25~0.33 GPa,具有顺时针样式的pT演化轨迹,反映一种陆壳碰撞增厚、后又拉伸减薄的动力学过程。     

新疆阿尔泰地区冲乎尔递增变质带特征及其演化

新疆阿尔泰海西造山带主要发育两期区域变质作用：第一期为区域低温动力变质作用类型,第二期为区域动力热流变质作用类型。冲乎尔递增变质带是后者的典型代表之一,从火山沉积盆地边缘到中心发育十字石-蓝晶石带、黑云母-石榴石带、绿泥石-黑云母带、绢云母-绿泥石带,递增变质作用强度具有逐渐减弱的趋势。结合变质变形关系和变质作用演化特点,将变质作用划分为早期、峰期和晚期3个阶段。早期和峰期为连续的递增变质过程,形成典型的中压型递增变质带,晚期则属于后期的退化变质过程。变质作用演化具有顺时针的p-t轨迹,这种递增变质带的发育特征和变质作用演化特点反映了阿尔泰造山带特定的大地构造环境和地壳演化的动力学机制。     

新疆阿尔泰冲乎尔地区蓝晶石-夕线石型变质带独居石CHIME二叠纪年龄及其地质意义

新疆冲乎尔地区的蓝晶石-夕线石型递增变质带由绿泥石-黑云母带、黑云母-石榴石带、石榴石-十字石带、十字石-蓝晶石带和夕线石带组成;递增变质作用峰期温度、压力分别为T=520～640℃,p=(4.5～5.8)×108Pa;十字石-蓝晶石带和夕线石带变质岩中含有丰富的独居石,而且Th-U-Pb含量比较高,适合电子探针独居石CHIME法定年,独居石CHIME法确定的变质时代为268±10～261±20Ma,与阿勒泰地区发育的红柱石-夕线石型(低压型)变质带形成时代(262±10～264±22Ma)一致,说明阿尔泰造山带蓝晶石-夕线石型和红柱石-夕线石型递增变质带是同一次大规模的构造热事件的产物,时代为二叠纪中期。     

吉南龙岗岩群四道砬子河岩组泥质片麻岩变质作用

吉南新太古代泥质片麻岩出露于龙岗岩群四道砬子河岩组中,本文通过系统的岩相学、矿物化学、激光拉曼和锆石U Pb同位素年代学等分析,研究其变质演化特点、变质作用时代及构造意义.结果表明:龙岗岩群四道砬子河岩组泥质片麻岩记录了３个变质演化阶段,其中峰前期进变质阶段(M１)的矿物组合为石榴石＋黑云母＋斜长石＋石英＋白云母;峰期变质阶段(M２)的矿物组合为石榴石＋矽线石＋钾长石＋黑云母＋斜长石＋石英,达到麻粒岩相;峰后期退变质阶段(M３)以矽线石转变为蓝晶石为特征标 志,矿物组合为蓝晶石＋石榴石＋黑云母＋斜长石＋石英＋白云母.变质矿物地质温压计限定其变质作用,峰前期(M１)T 为４６８~５１５ ℃,p 为(３．８~４．３)×１０５ kPa;峰期(M２)T 为７０３~７６０ ℃,p 为(６．６~７．１)×１０５kPa;峰后期(M３)T 为５５２~５９１℃,p 为(５．５~６．０)×１０５kPa;具有典型的近等压冷却型逆时针变质作用p T 演化轨迹特征,可能是在地幔柱与岩石圈相互作用的环境中变质作用与大量的幔源岩浆底侵作用有关.LA ICP MS锆石U Pb定年结果显示麻粒岩相变质作用时代为２４９５~２４４２Ma,属于新太古代变质热事件产物.     

新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带低压麻粒岩相变质作用P-T轨迹及其地质意义

本文首次报道在新疆西南天山木扎尔特一带发现了二辉石麻粒岩和麻粒岩相变质的堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩。二辉石麻粒岩的矿物组合为单斜辉石-斜方辉石-黑云母-角闪石-斜长石-石英。堇青石榴矽线石片麻岩矿物组合为堇青石-矽线石-石榴石-黑云母-斜长石-石英。岩石学和矿物学特征表明它们是典型的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石，其变质作用经历了两期演化：a．峰期麻粒岩相变质，T=681～705℃，P=5．4～5．8kbar；b．峰后角闪岩相退变阶段，T：571～637℃．P=4．7～5．3kbar。其变质作用P-T轨迹具有逆时针近等压降温(IBC)的特点，代表该地区可能为塔里木板块向伊犁．中天山板块俯冲过程中，在陆壳一侧所产生的陆源岩浆弧区域，由于受到下部岩浆热源的影响，在拉伸环境下出现低压麻粒岩相变质。通过分析低压麻粒岩相岩石与其南部高压一超高压变质带的大地构造位置和年代关系，我们认为该地区的低压麻粒岩相变质岩石可能与其南部的西天山高压一超高压变质带组成了双变质带。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861