Book review

From plane to spheroid James R. Smith, Landmark Enterprises, Rancho Cordova California, 1986 , 210 pp. ISBN 0-910845-29-8, US $40.
Proceedings of the 18th lunar and planetary science conference , G. Ryder (ed.), Cambridge University Press and Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, 1988.
Proceedings of the 19th lunar and planetary science conference , G. Ryder and V. L. Sharpton (eds), Cambridge University Press and Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, 1989.     

REVIEWS

The Enigmas of Easter Island : By John Flenley and Paul Bahn.
Two Decades of Change in New Zealand: From Birth to Death V : By Judith A Davey.
Living Space: Towards Sustainable Settlements in New Zealand : Edited by Claire Freeman and Michelle Thompson-Fawcett.
The Prickly Pair: Making Nationalism in Australia and New Zealand : By Denis McLean.
Ecological Context of Development: New Zealand Perspectives : By Marjorie van Roon and Stephen Knight.
Key Concepts in Geography : Edited by Sarah L. Holloway, Stephen P. Rice and Gill Valentine.
Key Methods in Geography : Edited by Nicholas J. Clifford and Gill Valentine.
Global Positioning System: A Field Guide for the Social Sciences : By John Spencer, Brian G. Frizzelle, Philip H. Page, and John B. Vogler.
Glacial Landsystems : By David J. A. Evans (editor).
Food and Environment: Geographies of Taste : Edited by Armando Montanari.
The New Countryside: Geographic Perspectives on Rural Change : Edited by Kenneth B. Beesley, Hugh Millward, Brian Ilbery and Lisa Harrington.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Climatology: An Atmospheric Science . John J. Hidore and John E. Oliver.
Geomorphology in the Tropics: A Study of Weathering and Denudation in Low Latitudes . Michael F. Thomas.
Hydrology and Water Management in the Humid Tropics . Michael Bonell, Maynard M. Hufschmidt and John S. Gladwell.
The Environment and International Relations . John Vogler and Mark F. Imber (eds.).
Summary and Selected Papers of the SEAPOL Tri-Regional Conference . Kathleen I. Matics and Ted L. McDorman (eds.)
Trade, Aid and Global Interdependence . George Cho.
Communication and the "Third World" . Geoffrey Reeves.
East Asian Economies: Transformation and Challenges . Toshihiko Kawagoe and Sueo Sekiguchi (eds.).
Counting the Cost: Economic Growth and Environmental Change in Thailand . Jonathan Rigg (ed.).     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
The Margin Fades: Geographical Itineraries in a World of Islands . E. Waddell and P.D. Nunn (eds.).
Environment and Housing in Third World Cities . Hamish Main and Stephen Wyn Williams (eds.).
Strategies for Sustainable Development: Local Agendas for the Southern Hemisphere . Michael Redclift and Colin Sage (eds.)
Sustainable Harvest and Marketing of Rain Forest Products . Mark J. Poltkin and Lisa M. Famolare (eds.)     

Book Reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Introduction to Palaeolimnology Developments in Sedimentology No. 11 C. C. Reeves Jr. (Elsevier Publishing Company, New York, 1968 228 pp., £6 10s.)
The Radiation Belt and Magnetosphere Wilmot N. Hess. (Blaisdell Publishing Co., 1968, xii + 548 pp., £7.17s.)
Winds and Turbulence in the Stratosphere, Mesosphere and Ionosphere K. Rawer (editor). (North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1968, 421 pp., £7)
Bleaching Earths M. K. Hasnuddin Seddiqui. (Pergammon Press, Oxford, 86 pp. 42s.)
Gravimetria Carlo Morelli. (Udine-del Bianco, 575 pp. in Italian)
Coal and Coal-Bearing Strata D. G. Murchison and T. S. Westoll. (Oliver and Boyd Ltd., Edinburgh and London, £8 8s.)
High Energy Reactions in Astrophysics Edited by B. S. P. Shen. (Benjamin, New York, 1967, $8.50)     

Book reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Rock Friction and Earthquake Prediction James D. Byerlee, Max Wyss (eds) Birkhauser, Basel, Stuttgart , 1978 (Contributions to Current Research in Geophysics, vol. 6)
Experimental Rock Deformation: The Brittle Field M. S. Paterson Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg and New York , 1978 254 pages DM 48; £12
Mineralogy of the Planets: A Voyage in Space and Time J.V. Smith The Mineralogical Society, London, 1979 Reprinted from the Mineralogical Magazine, March 1979,43, 1-89
Applied Inverse Problems Edited by P. C. Sabatier Springer-Verlag, Berlin , 1978 425 pages, DM 39
Principles of Sedimentology Gerald M. Friedman & John E. Sanders John Wiley and Sons , 1978 792 pages £15.75
Advances in Earth and Planetary Sciences No. 1. Origin of Thermoremanent Magnetization D. J. Dunlop (ed.) Centre for Academic Publications, Japan and Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo , 1977 $24.50, 212 pp.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Gravity Field, Seismicity and Tectonics of the Indian Peninsula and the Hmalayas , R. K. Verma
Collision Tectonics , M. P. Coward and A. C. Ries (eds)
The Nordic Seas , Burton G. Hurdle (ed.)
Recent Earth movements: an introduction to Neotectonics , C. Vita-Finzi     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Coming of Age in South and Southeast Asia: Youth, Courtship and Sexuality. Lenore Manderson and France Liamputtong (eds.)
Local Cultures and the "New Asia": The State, Culture and Capitalism in Southeast Asia. C.J.W.-L. Wee (ed.)
Southeast Asia: The Human Landscape of Modernization and Development (2^nd edition). Jonathan Rigg
Human Impact on Environment and Sustainable Development in Africa. Michael Darkoh and Apollo Rwomire (eds.)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
Organising Labour in Globalising Asia. Jane Hutchison and Andrew Brown (eds.)
Good Times and Bad Times in Rural Java. Jan Breman and Gunawan Wiradi
Development Fieldwork: A Practical Guide. Regina Scheyvens and Donovan Storey (eds.)
Rethinking Development Geographies. Marcus Power
Postcolonial Urbanism. Southeast Asian Cities and Global Processes. R. Bishop, J. Phillips and W.W. Yeo (eds.)
Environment, Knowledge and Gender: Local Development in India's Jharkhand. Sarah Jewitt     

Book Reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Physical Geology G. Gorshkov and A. Yakushova (Translated by A. Gurevich) (Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1967. 586 pp., 30s., Central Books)
Solar-Terrestrial Physics Edited by J. W. King and W. S. Newman (Academic Press, New York, 390 pp. 90s, $16.50)
Methods in Palaeomagnetism     

The Spatial Distribution of Rapid Geomagnetic Fluctuations: Part II

i
A detailed examination has been made of some examples of rapid irregular magnetic field changes which occurred during a typical geomagnetic storm, selected from 180mm/h recordings. The following points were noted:
1. At a number of different times of day, the rapid irregular changes at a given observing station were extremely various. They varied widely in form, and loops ranged in shape from nearly linear ones to crude circles.
2. During a chosen interval, the rapid irregular changes at neighbouring stations were very similar, and between mid-latitude stations 1200 km apart there was still a strong relationship between the changes occurring during defined time intervals.
3. Phase differences between stations, during the chosen interval, were very small. The average phase gradient North to South was less than 0.5 ∼ 10–⁷ s/cm. There was a suggestion of an average phase gradient East to West of the order of 10–⁷ s/cm.
4. Vector diagrams of increments between selected times indicated large scale patterns in which the horizontal vectors tended to converge, the points of convergence being variable in position. To this extent, the changes examined cannot be distinguished either from micropulsations or from slow irregular variations.
5. Some of the evidence suggested a type of current circulation which either travelled eastwards as a whole, or spread in extent, while pulsating in amplitude.
6. The average phase gradient East to West and the suggestion of an eastward moving current circulation, both referring to daylight hemisphere changes, are reminiscent of a deduction by Dungey concerning propagation of waves on the Chapman-Ferraro surface.     

Book reviews

Developments in Geophysical Exploration Methods - 3 A. A. Fitch (ed.), Applied Science Publishers, Elsevier, 1982
Exploration Seismology Vol. 1. History, Theory and Data Acquisition R. E. Sheriff and L. P. Geldart, Cambridge University Press, 1982
Seismic Exploration Hamid N. Al-Sai, Birkhauser Verlag, Berlin, 1982
Pulse Coding in Seismology M. G. Barbier, International Human Resources Development Corporation, Boston, MA, 1982     

Book reviews

Principles and Applications of Microearthquake Networks Advances in Geophysics Supplement 2
The Ocean Basins and Margins: volume 6, The Indian Ocean A. E. M. Nairn and F. G. Stehli (eds), Plenum Press, New York, 1982
Seismicity and Seismic Risk in the Offshore North Sea Area A. R. Ritsema and A. Gürpinar (eds), Reidel, Dordrecht     

Book review

Book review in this article
Earthquake prediction Tsuneji Rikitake Elsevier.
History of the Earth sciences during the scientific and industrial revolutions D. H. Hall Elsevier.
Space Geology Elbert A. King
Composition and petrology of the Earth's mantle A. E. Ringwood     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
'Letting Them Die': Why HIV/AIDS Prevention Programmes Fail. Catherine Campbell
Red Hills: Migrants and the State in the Highlands of Vietnam. Andrew Hardy
Sri Lankan Society in an Era of Globalization: Struggling to Create a New Social Order. S.H. Hasbullah and Barrie M. Morrison (eds.)
Female Labour Migration in Southeast Asia: Change and Continuity. Christina Wille and Basia Passl (eds.)
Unauthorized Migration in Southeast Asia. Graziano Battistella and Maruja M.B. Asis (eds.)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Romance on a Global Stage: Pen Pals, Virtual Ethnography, and "Mail Order" Marriages . Nicole Constable
The Globalization of Nothing . George Ritzer
Southeast Asia Transformed: A Geography of Change . Chia Lin Sien (ed.)
Indonesian Sea Nomads. Money, Magic and Fear of the Orang Suku Laut . Cynthia Chou
Indonesia's Small Entrepreneurs: Trading on the Margins . Sarah Turner     

Non-linear and finite-amplitude thermal convection in a heterogeneous terrestrial planet

Summary. Equations governing non-linear and finite-amplitude convection in a heterogeneous planetary interior are developed. Using spherical harmonic expressions of variables, together with Green's function of Laplacian operator in a spherical coordinate, the equations are reduced to one-dimensional integro-differential equations and their numerical solutions are obtained by a finite-difference scheme. The theory is then applied to several lunar models and the following conclusions are obtained.
(1) The mean temperatures and velocities of convecting zones of variable viscosity models are higher than those of constant viscosity ones. This is due to the development of lithospheres with 400–500 km thicknesses in the former models, which reduce heat loss considerably.
(2) Molten regions are continuous shells in variable viscosity models whereas they become discontinuous and localized in a constant viscosity model. The continuous molten shells decrease lateral variations of temperature significantly and tend to stabilize convection.
(3) Lateral variations of viscosity have negligible effects on the thermal evolution of the models considered.     

Book review

Book Reviews in this article:
Seismology and Plate Tectonics David Gubbins, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge , 1990, 339pp, hard cover ISBN 0521 371414, £35, US $59.5, soft cover ISBN 0521 379954 £13.95, US $27.95.
Developments in four-dimensional geodesy. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, vol. 29 F. K. Brunner and C. Rizos (eds), Springer-Verlag, Berlin , 1990, x + 264, ISBN 3-540-52332-4, 0-387-52332-4, soft cover DM 62.
Theory of satellite geodesy and gravity field determination. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, vol. 25 F. Sansó and R. Rummel (eds), Springer-Verlag, Berlin , 1989, xii + 491 pp, ISBN 3-540-51528-3, 0-387-51528-3, soft cover DM 98.
Planetary Volcanism–A Study of Volcanic Activity in the Solar System Peter Cattermole, Ellis Horwood Publishers Ltd, Chichester , 1990, 443pp, ISBN 0745 805078, £35.
Sediment acoustics Robert. D. Stoll, Springer-Verlag, Berlin , 1989, 155 pp, ISBN 3-540-97191-2, soft cover DM 34.     

The PWaves From the Amchitka Island Explosions

Summary. There is evidence that the equivalent seismic sources of the Amchitka Island explosions — Longshot, Milrow and Cannikin — depart significantly from the simple model of a point compressional-source in a layered elastic-medium. Consequently modelling the observed seismograms using standard source-models may not be the most efficient method of determining source properties. Here an alternative to modelling is used to obtain information on the seismic sources due to the explosions. Broad-band (BB) estimates of the P signals are obtained from the short-period (SP) seismograms, corrected for attenuation, and interpreted in terms of P, pP and radiation from secondary sources. the main conclusions are:
(i) BB estimates of the radiated displacement from the explosions can be obtained with only a small reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio seen on SP seismograms;
(ii) observations of differences in pulse amplitudes and spectra are not necessarily due to differences in anelastic attenuation;
(iii) P and pP at a given station may differ in shape so that notches in the signal spectrum may not be related to source depth;
(iv) there is evidence of arrivals that others have identified as due to slap-down but which could be interpreted as an overshoot to pP;
(v) direct interpretation of the estimated ground displacement is a better procedure for determining the seismic source properties of explosions than modelling SP seismograms using idealised models as a starting point.     

Book Reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Field Geology Frederic H. Lahee. Sixth edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1961, pp. + xxxi, 835. 6d.
Physics of the Aurora and Airglow Joseph W. Chamberlain. Academic Press Inc., New York and London, 1961, 704 pp. £5 18s.