辽东黑沟地区古元古代碱长花岗岩年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素特征及其对辽吉造山带构造演化的制约

华北克拉通东部造山带内古元古代中期(2.1～2.2Ga)岩浆记录了造山带早期重要的地壳演化信息,对探讨辽吉造山带古元古代地质演化过程具有十分重要的意义。本文选择了辽东黑沟地区古元古代碱长花岗岩进行岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究。黑沟碱长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果为2186.5±6.5Ma,形成时代为古元古代。岩石为碱性、弱过铝质A型花岗岩,岩石富硅、碱,贫钙、镁、铝,极度富钠贫钾,富集Hf、Zr、Nb、Y等高场强元素,亏损Rb、K、Ba等大离子亲石元素,具有较高的(K₂O+Na₂O)/Al₂O₃、FeO^T/MgO、Ga/Al比值,负的Eu异常,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾海鸥型配分模式。锆石饱和温度介于857～884℃之间,同时具有非常低Sr高Yb特征,指示岩石形成于低压高温的伸展构造背景。锆石ε_Hf(t)值为-0.96～+4.58,二阶段模式年龄t_DM2=2476～2821Ma,明显大于花岗岩的成岩...     

内蒙古阿巴嘎旗阿德拉嘎碱长花岗岩锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb年龄、地球化学特征及构造意义

阿巴嘎旗阿德拉嘎碱长花岗岩位于贺根山蛇绿岩带北侧。为了确定该碱长花岗岩体的岩石成因类型,探讨其构造环境,对该岩体进行了野外地质、岩石学、地球化学和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年表明,阿德拉嘎碱长花岗岩体的侵位年龄为310.7±2.6 Ma,形成时代为晚石炭世。岩石地球化学研究表明,阿德拉嘎碱长花岗岩具有较高的SiO₂、Na₂O+K₂O含量和较高的Ga/Al、(Na₂O+K₂O)/CaO值,相对贫CaO、MgO、Sr、Ba、Eu、Ti和P。稀土元素总量较低,轻重稀土分馏不明显,稀土配分曲线呈海鸥性,负铕异常明显(δEu=0.15～0.37)。岩石学和岩石地球化学特征表明,该碱长花岗岩为A型花岗岩,形成于弧后伸展构造环境,为晚石炭世古亚洲洋向西伯利亚俯冲作用的产物。     

大兴安岭加格达奇东北部花岗岩类形成时代、地球化学特征及成因

研究区位于大兴安岭兴安地块的东北部。本文主要讨论了碱长花岗岩和花岗斑岩两种岩石类型,并对其成岩年代、地球化学特征、成因及构造环境进行了深入讨论。研究结果显示：具有高SiO₂、A1₂O₃、TFeO/MgO,贫MgO、TiO₂、P₂O₅等特征;A/NK-A/CNK和w（K₂O）-w（SiO₂）图解显示,样品主要为过铝质、高钾钙碱性岩石。并且（Na₂O+K₂O）/CaO-w（Zr+Nb+Ce+Y）、TFeO/MgO-w（Zr+Nb+Ce+Y）图解和锆石饱和温度都显示,研究区花岗岩类岩石具有高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩的特征。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年研究获得128~124 Ma的岩体侵位年龄,其形成的大地构造背景为蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋消亡之后,陆陆碰撞造山演化晚期地壳伸展背景,岩浆起源于壳内火成岩源岩的部分熔融。     

大兴安岭北部诺敏河地区早石炭世A型花岗岩的年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素研究

大兴安岭北部诺敏河地区碱长花岗岩锆石呈自形—半自形短柱状—板状,具有结构清晰的振荡生长环带和较高的Th/U比值(1.10～2.18),指示其为典型岩浆成因锆石。LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究显示岩石形成于早石炭世杜内期(352.9±3.3 Ma)。岩石地球化学研究显示,岩石属于准铝质—弱过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石,富硅(SiO₂=73.25%～77.01%)、富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=7.72%～9.48%)、富铁(Fe₂O₃=2.06%～2.97%,Fe₂O₃+FeO=2.32%～3.33%),贫镁(MgO=0.08%～0.26%)。根据强烈亏损Sr、Eu、Ba、Ti、P等元素,REE分布曲线为右倾式海鸥型和明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.26～0.31)的岩石地球化学特征,判断碱长花岗岩属于A型花岗岩。锆石¹⁷⁶Yb/¹⁷⁷Hf值为0.03778～0.133612,¹⁷⁶     

辽东兰花岭地区古元古代Ⅰ型花岗岩类与辽吉A型花岗岩对比研究

辽东半岛是华北克拉通胶-辽-吉古元古代活动带的重要组成部分,古元古代经历了复杂的构造演化过程,并记录了多期岩浆-变质作用,约2.2 Ga的辽吉A型花岗岩和1.89～1.85 Ga的巨斑状花岗岩、正长岩分别标志着辽东古元古代造山作用的开端和结束。最新研究显示,2.20～2.15 Ga的岩浆作用形成了2种不同类型的花岗岩,它们可能具有不同的岩石成因和构造意义。在青城子铅锌矿集区北部采集的兰花岭、白砬子花岗闪长岩和黄泊辉绿岩,锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2177±19 Ma、2129±36 Ma、1876±29 Ma。花岗闪长岩的岩石成因类型、地球化学特征与典型的约2.2 Ga的辽吉A型花岗岩明显不同,属于弱过铝质、低钾钙碱性一碱性岩石,Zr、Hf、Nb、Rb含量较低,K₂O/Na₂O值、稀土元素总量极低,为典型的Ⅰ型花岗岩类。根据锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析,ε_Hf(t)值为-5.1～9.0,二阶段Hf模式年龄t_DM2为2089～2817 Ma,岩浆源区为约2.5 Ga的太古宙地壳物质和少量软流圈地幔物质。兰花岭...     

辽东岫岩地区两类古元古代花岗岩年代学、地球化学及地质意义

辽东半岛岫岩一带出露大面积的辽河岩群变质地层与花岗岩类,是研究胶-辽-吉造山带早期演化的良好场所.通过系统采集岫岩地区大房身钾长花岗岩岩体与牧牛、松树沟二长花岗岩岩体和四门子花岗闪长岩岩体样品,进行了岩相学、地球化学与锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果显示大房身与牧牛、松树沟岩体具有相近的高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩特征,SiO₂含量介于70.56%~74.52%,Al₂O₃含量在11.85%~14.03%,K₂O/Na₂O高;岩石富集Ga、Zr、REE等元素,Sr、P、Ti等含量低;四门子岩体样品则具有较高的CaO含量（0.50%~3.76%）,K₂O/Na₂O比值和A/CNK值均较低,相对更为亏损Nb、Ta、Hf等高场强元素,显示出I型花岗岩特征.锆石LA-ICP-MS测试显示钾长花岗岩样品U-Pb年龄为2 198±11 Ma,二长花岗岩U-Pb年龄在~2 171~2 167 Ma,花岗闪长岩U-Pb测试结果为2 166±11 Ma,几类花岗岩结晶年龄基本在误差范围内一致.I型花岗岩可能来自古元古代中期（~2.2~2.1 Ga）俯冲作用导致的弧岩浆活动,而A型花岗岩可能来自中下地壳物质的部分熔融的低压高温环境.结合辽吉地区报道的古元古代花岗岩类年龄资料,认为在岫岩地区及周边采集的两类古元古代花岗岩均产出在弧后拉张的构造背景下,胶辽吉造山带在古元古代中期演化接近“弧陆碰撞”模式,洋壳俯冲可能由西向东（现今方向）发生,并持续了较长时间.      

大别造山带汤池早白垩世富碱侵入岩成因及地质意义

本文对大别造山带北淮阳东段汤池地区早白垩世富碱侵入岩进行岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析,揭示其成因及地质意义。该套岩石主要由正长花岗岩、石英正长岩和正长斑岩组成,伴有辉绿玢岩发育。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,辉绿玢岩、正长花岗岩和正长斑岩分别形成于130.3±1.7 Ma、128.4±1.7 Ma和122.3±1.5 Ma,为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。汤池辉绿玢岩相对贫硅(SiO₂=45.23～56.92 wt.%)和富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=5.24～8.04 wt.%),Mg^#值较高(平均值为48);而其他岩类具有高硅(SiO₂=62.44～77.25 wt.%)、高碱(Na₂O+K₂O=7.97～10.35 wt.%)、低CaO含量以及较高的Ga/Al和FeO^T/MgO比值,与典型的A型花岗岩化学特征相似。辉绿玢岩大多数锆石ε_Hf(t)值变化范围为-6.4...     

华北南缘信阳古元古代花岗岩的年代学和地球化学特征及其对地壳演化的启示

华北克拉通南缘古元古代发育有多期次的岩浆活动和变质事件,记录了南缘基底和构造演化过程,但古元古代中-晚期的岩浆记录却相对较少.对华北南缘信阳地区古元古代中-晚期花岗岩进行了详细的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素研究.信阳地区花岗岩主要包括潘庄钾长花岗岩和陈庄黑云钾长花岗岩,其岩浆锆石结晶年龄分别为1 868 Ma和1 955 Ma,即形成于古元古代中-晚期.所有的岩石样品具有高SiO₂、富碱、低CaO、P₂O₅、MgO等特征,且A/CNK介于1.12~1.28,属过铝质岩石.同时它们富集LILEs（如Rb、Th和K）,贫HFSEs（如Nb、Ta和Ti）、亏损Sr、P等元素,并具有中等-弱的负Eu异常.此外,潘庄岩体和陈庄岩体整体具有相似的锆石ε_Hf（t）值（-0.6~+2.6）,两阶段Hf模式年龄（T_crust）范围为2.40~2.64 Ga.表明信阳地区太古代末-古元古代早期地壳在古元古代中-晚期经历了强烈的改造.结合华北克拉通南缘的岩浆活动和变质事件记录,认为信阳地区花岗岩的形成可能与华北东、西陆块的碰撞有关,且该区频繁的古元古代岩浆活动（2.24~1.85 Ga）可能是东、西陆块间古大洋及西部陆块东向俯冲的结果.      

兴蒙造山带南段白音图嘎地区A型花岗岩地球化学特征及其对古亚洲洋演化的制约

关于兴蒙造山带晚石炭世-早二叠世A型花岗岩成因及其形成构造背景目前仍存在分歧。本文针对兴蒙造山带南段白音图嘎地区二长花岗岩和碱长花岗岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学以及全岩地球化学研究,从而探讨其岩石成因以及对晚古生代该区构造演化的制约。分析结果显示:二长花岗岩和碱长花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄分别为312±2Ma和294±2Ma,为晚石炭世和早二叠世岩浆活动产物。两者具有相似的地球化学组成,都有高硅(SiO₂=70.83%～73.85%)、高钾(K₂O=5.66%～7.97%)、高碱(Na₂O+K₂O=9.87%～13.29%)、低铝(Al₂O₃=10.72%～12.93%)、低钙镁(CaO=0.19%～1.22%,MgO=0.10%～0.26%)和低磷钛(TiO₂=0.01%～0.25%, P₂O₅=0.03%～0.21%)的特征,均强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Eu,弱亏损Nb...     

古亚洲洋东段洋盆闭合与后造山伸展——来自内蒙古苏尼特右旗中三叠世A型花岗岩的证据

内蒙古苏尼特右旗查干楚鲁A型二长花岗岩位于索伦-林西缝合带内,侵位于早二叠世哈冷岭SSZ型蛇绿构造混杂岩(带)中。本文对其进行系统的野外地质特征、岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究,旨在厘定岩体成因和形成的构造背景,为古亚洲洋东段洋盆闭合时限提供证据。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示查干楚鲁二长花岗岩侵位于中三叠世(245.9±1.3 Ma);岩体含较多碱性长石,暗色矿物以黑云母为主,见晶洞构造;地球化学研究显示,该岩体高硅(SiO₂=76.75%～77.18%)、富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=8.19%～8.62%),贫钙(CaO=0.40%～0.44%)和镁(MgO=0.03%～0.05%);负Eu异常显著(δEu=0.03～0.09), Rb、Th、U、K、Ga元素较富集,而Ba、Sr、P、Ti元素相对亏损,且10 000 Ga/Al(2.72～3.52)、~TFeO/MgO(29.16～57.82)、(Na₂O+K₂O)/CaO(15.08～21.39)值较高...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861