利用物理方法确定外方位元素的卫星立体摄影测量的精度分析

本文在分析用物理方法确定外方位元素的情况下卫星立体摄影测量的精度影响因素,推导了卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度计算公式,并以SPOT5 HRS立体像对为例,计算了SPOT5 HRS立体测量的理论精度,进行了利用少量地面控制点的立体测量试验。结果证明卫星立体摄影测量的理论精度估算公式是正确的,同时SPOT5 HRS立体测量精度能够满足1∶50000测图的要求。     

使用SAR影像生成DEM的精度分析

雷达干涉测量(InSAR)和雷达立体测量(Radargrammetry)是使用SAR影像生成DEM的两种主动遥感新技术,前者利用反射雷达波的相位信息,而后者利用其灰度信息。本文利用ERS-1/2卫星对香港地区成像获取的SAR影像分别构成干涉像对和立体像对生成了DEM,并以外部DEM为参考,利用对比和统计方法分析了两种测量方法的精度情况和技术优势。     

高分辨率卫星立体像对用于测绘产品精度检测的方法探讨

从实际生产需要出发,进行IKONOS立体像对用于SPOT5卫星影像测绘产品的精度检测方法试验,研究在自然环境、交通条件等非常恶劣的外业工作困难地区,利用高分辨率卫星影像进行测绘产品精度检测的方法。     

多级SPOT立体影像匹配

立体影像匹配是自动提取SPOT影像高程信息的关键技术。本文根据SPOT影像在几何构像关系和影像质量上的特点,提出了多级匹配的结构策略。实际像对匹配实验表明,多级匹配法具有较好的可靠性和精度水平,而且运算速度快,在快速生成DEM数据辅助遥感信息分析方面,有重要的应用价值。     

基于RPC模型的线阵卫星影像核线排列及其几何关系重建

针对核线影像无几何模型的问题,提出基于有理多项式系数(Rational Polynomial Coefficient,RPC)模型,利用投影轨迹法制作线阵推扫式卫星核线影像及其几何模型的重建方法。利用SPOT 5 HRG、CBERS 2-03异轨立体像对和SPOT 5 HRSI、RS P5、GeoEyeI、KONOS同轨立体像对重建的核线影像几何模型上下视差的中误差在0.2个像元之内;利用重建几何模型和原始影像几何模型进行前方交会计算所得到的地面点平面中误差在1 m之内,高程中误差在0.3 m之内,验证了本文方法的可靠性。     

多源单片卫星影像异轨立体测图应用

通过对卫星影像异轨立体的几何定位模型和精度分析,提出了单片卫星影像进行异轨立体测图的几何和灰度条件。用WorldView2单片数据进行立体测图试验,证明采用像方补偿的有理函数模型的区域网整体平差方案,可达到与编程立体像对测图相当的几何精度,精度满足1∶5 000地形图测绘指标。为大面积、困难地区测图提供了快速、低成本的实用解决方案。     

SPOT影像像点位移的研究

简要描述了 SPOT卫星影像的有关知识 ,详细研究了地形起伏造成的垂直摄影与倾斜摄影的 SPOT影像的像点位移 ,推导了具体的计算公式 ,并列表给出了地形起伏引起的 SPOT像点位移化算到 1∶ 5 0 0 0 0比例尺上的值 ,概括介绍了纠正 SPOT影像的多项式法与数字微分法 ,最后提出了一种不利用 DEM而能纠正地形起伏较大区域以及具有较大成像视角的 SPOT影像的新方法 ,并给出此方法的实验结果     

基于投影基准面的线阵推扫式卫星立体像对近似核线影像生成方法

提出一种实用的基于物方投影基准面的线阵推扫式卫星影像核线模型,研究并实现基于该模型的近似核线影像生成方法.该方法能够生成子像素级上下视差的近乎严格的核线影像,且能直接由立体影像的定向参数建立原始影像与核线影像之间的严格坐标对应关系;基于投影基准面进行近似核线排列,有利于生成分辨率一致、相对于物方水平的核线立体模型,方便进行立体量测和立体判读.为了验证本文方法的正确性、可行性和通用性,分别对带有高精度RPC的SPOT5-HRG异轨立体像对、IKONOS同轨立体像对、IRS-P5同轨立体像对以及Quickbird同轨立体像对进行了核线试验.目前,该方法已应用于卫星影像的立体测图和DEM自动生成软件模块中.     

ZY-3影像在我国海岸带区域的定位精度评价

以我国海岸带为研究对象,从北往南依次选取了覆盖山东青岛、江苏盐城和浙江温州海岸带的6景资源三号(ZY-3)传感器校正产品,利用实测像控点开展了影像自主定位精度评价,并将其结果与覆盖相同区域的SPOT5影像进行了比较。在此基础上,利用实测地面控制点和国家1∶5万比例尺DEM产品对覆盖青岛和温州的全色影像进行了正射校正实验,分析控制点数量与分布对校正精度的影响。研究发现:在无控制点情况下,ZY-3全色影像的平面校正精度平均为19.6 m,多光谱影像的平面校正精度为23.0 m,均优于SPOT5卫星影像的校正精度;用1个角点作为控制点,可达到优于2个像元的校正精度,用4个角点作为控制点,校正精度在1个像元左右;以向陆一侧的2个角点作为控制点,可达到优于3 m的校正精度,但采用3个控制点时,校正精度较低,特别是向海一侧影像的校正精度更低。上述研究结果表明,ZY-3影像在少量控制点下即可达到较高的校正精度,能够满足海岸带遥感调查工作的精度要求。     

高分辨率卫星遥感影像在基础测绘中的应用探讨

本文主要探讨了SPOT5卫星遥感影像在1：1万基础测绘中的应用。本文围绕实际生产,重点阐述了卫星遥感影像高精度正射纠正技术、真彩色影像融合处理技术以及大范围影像批量分幅方法,并对不同控制点布设方案制作的卫星遥感正射影像图进行了精度分析。     

异源高分辨率光学卫星遥感影像联合定位

本文提出一种基于RFM和投影射线法的异源高分辨率光学卫星遥感影像定位算法:首先利用高分辨率遥感影像RFM正解模型迭代计算其反解模型;接着通过RFM正反解模型构建投影射线,最后采用迭代求取射线交点的方法确定地面三维实际坐标。实验对比结果表明,联合具有一定重叠度的异源高分辨率光学卫星遥感影像进行立体定位具有较强的可行性,并可达到一定的精度。     

Epipolar resampling of linear pushbroom satellite imagery by a new epipolarity model

This paper presents a practical epipolarity model for high-resolution linear pushbroom satellite images acquired in either along-track or cross-track mode, based on the projection reference plane in object space. A new method for epipolar resampling of satellite stereo imagery based on this model is then developed. In this method, the pixel-to-pixel relationship between the original image and the generated epipolar image is established directly by the geometric sensor model. The approximate epipolar images are generated in a manner similar to digital image rectification. In addition, by arranging the approximate epipolar lines on the defined projection reference plane, a stereoscopic model with consistent ground sampling distance and parallel to the object space is thus available, which is more convenient for three-dimensional measurement and interpretation. The results obtained from SPOT5, IKONOS, IRS-P5, and QuickBird stereo images indicate that the generated epipolar images all achieve high accuracy. Moreover, the vertical parallaxes at check points are at sub-pixel level, thus proving the feasibility, correctness, and applicability of the method.     

Geological study of sedimentary basins using SPOT data

This paper illustrates the benefits of DTMs created from SPOT images for the exploration of sedimentary basins. We chose an example located in the Ebro sedimentary basin in Spain, characterized by good outcropping conditions and slight deformations. The data used consist of a pair of SPOT panchromatic images and a SPOT XS image. The work consists of making up a 3D database, followed by interpretation of stereo pairs computed from orthoimages and the DTM. This interpretation is made on a stereoscopic desk and results in a digital file containing in the form of vectors all the observed faults and lithology. These vectors are then used to make calculations on the geometry of the objects they represent: we demonstrate that we can accurately measure layer directions and dips, sediment thicknesses and fault throws. Synthesis of perspective views made at the same time provide a good understanding of the structures and help to test their geometric consistency. Thus knowledge about relief given by DTMs helps to interpret remote detection images in 3D space, and particularly to accurately quantify the results of this interpretation.     

Comparison of ERS-SAR and spot data for sugar beet crop cover assessment

The present work was aimed to compare the abilities of radar and optical satellite data to estimate crop canopy cover, which is a key component of productivity estimates. Three ERS-1 SAR images were obtained of East Anglia (UK) in 1995 and one ERS-2 SAR image in 1996. The images covered a study area around the IACR Brooms Barn Sugar Beet Research Institute. Field data comprising radiometric and biophysical measurements of the crop canopy were collected in two fields from June 22 to August 3, 1995 to coincide with ERS-1 SAR overpass dates. In 1996, field data were collected in two fields from June 11 to July 29 on a weekly basis. A previously calibrated version of the water cloud model was inverted to estimate Leaf Area Index (LAI) from ERS-1 and ERS-2 SAR backscatter and soil moisture samples. Canopy cover was estimated from the radar-estimated LAI using a standard exponential relationship that has a well-established coefficient for sugar beet. Radio-metrically and atmospherically corrected data from three SPOT images in 1995 and one SPOT image in 1996 were used to calculate the Optimised Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI), from which crop canopy cover was estimated using a relationship determined previously by canopy modelling. The crop cover values estimated by satellite were in good agreement with those measured on ground with the Parkinson radiometer. Radar data may be able to provide useful estimates of canopy cover for crop production modelling, especially in the case of loss of optical data due to cloud.     

基于RPC的TerraSAR-X影像立体定向平差模型

针对新型高分辨率雷达卫星TerraSAR-X立体像对,本文提出采用基于RPC的平差模型,通过少量的地面控制点来拟合因传感器不稳定、平台星历数据不精确及测距误差引起的影像几何畸变,从而达到精确定向目的.为验证RPC平差模型的适用性,通过在立体成像区域均匀市设人工角反射器点的方法验证其模型精度,并评估了其三维定向平差后的精...     

SPOT卫星1AP级图像测图方法的研究

本文分析了1AP级图像的测图特点,讨论了控制SPOT图像实时定位的两种方法:直接多项式摸拟法和实时格网改正法,解决了割面坐标系基础上高程输入控制的问题。最后,在解析测图仪APS—1上利用我国西南地区的一个1AP级立体像对进行了试验,取得了一些有益的结论。     

Pleiades卫星影像测图能力与精度分析试验研究

随着遥感技术的飞速发展,高分辨率卫星遥感影像越来越多地用于地理信息产品生产。本文首先介绍了SPOT系列的下一代光学遥感卫星Pleiades,通过生产试验,研究了Pleiades卫星影像稀少控制点定向情况,分析了Pleiades卫星影像立体测图的精度,并给出相关结论供Pleiades卫星影像生产实践参考。     

Cloud height determination using satellite stereoscopy from Along Track Scanning Radiometer onboard ERS-1 satellite: A simulation study

The first ERS-1 satellite launched in May 1991 promises to make a substantial contribution towards the cloud stereoscopy. One of its payload, Along Track Scanning Radiometer (hereafter ATSR) has IR split window channels and scans the earth conically leading to earth views at two view angles (0° and 55°) in two curved swaths registered with respect to each other in image frame. This enables us to construct stereoscopic image of a cloud thereby determining its height geometrically. The present paper describes the utility of ATSR onboard ERS-1 in retrieving cloud height by synthetic stereo imaging over NOAA-AVHRR visible and thermal band observations.     

资源三号卫星成像在轨几何定标的探元指向角法

从资源三号卫星（ZY-3）影像严格几何模型出发,通过对星敏感器坐标系下各CCD探元指向角的分析,提出一种ZY-3成像在轨几何定标的探元指向角法。经对嵩山和洛阳两个试验区     

SPOT影象的解析摄影测量处理

SPOT立体影象具有良好的基高比和空间分辨率,可以利用解析摄影测量仪器对之进行精确而有效的处理,以求解外方位元素,测制或修测地形图,获取数字高程模型以及制作正射影象。本文分析了SPOT影象的几何特性,建立了SPOT立体象对求解的数学模型。利用作者研制的SPOT影象光束法平差程序、C-100解析测图仪上SPOT象对测图软件和在OR-1正射投影仪上制作SPOT正射影象的相应软件,对法国马赛地区的一对SPOT立体象对进行了试验,获得了满意的结果。