Evaluation of suitability area by ground source heat pump system in Baotou plain

According to the elements of hydrogeological conditions,lithology,stratigraphic thermal physical parameters,construction technology and economic rational elements,the evaluation system of ground source heat pump( GSHP) were established in Baotou plain. The factor weights were determined by using analytic hierarchy process,and the comprehensive element method was selected to evaluate the region suitability of GSHP system. The results show that the suitable area is 559. 63 km2 for utilizing GSHP in the studied area,accounting for 62. 58% of the total area; while the unsuitable area is 334. 60 km2,accounting for37.42%. The evaluating results can provide not only a scientific basis for development and utilization rationally of shallow geothermal heat in Baotou,but also offer an important reference to the other areas.     

指标法与层次分析法在浅层地温能适宜性评价中的应用讨论

浅层地温能是蕴藏在地表以下一定深度范围内岩土体、地下水和地表水中具有开发利用价值的热能,浅层地温能具有可再生、环保、经济、寿命长等特点.本文以指标法和层次分析法为分区方法,通过对莱阳市城区浅层地温能赋存条件的研究,并结合相关的测试分析数据,开展浅层地温能开发利用适宜性分区(开发利用方式以地埋管换热系统为例),最终将2种...     

威海市地质环境质量评价

本文在前期资料收集和资源环境承载力评价的基础上,结合威海市当地地质特征,选择地质环境条件、地质环境问题和人类工程活动作为一级评价指标,地形地貌、地下水资源、区域地壳稳定性、地质灾害、地下水污染、海水入侵、人口密度、农业活动、矿业活动作为二级评价指标,采用层次分析法和模糊数学法对威海市地质环境质量进行综合评价.研究结果表...     

河谷型城市热岛空间分布格局演变及对策——以西宁市区为例

城市热岛效应直接反映着城市的气候特征,这对于研究由城市化发展与环境改变引起的城市气温的变化及保护城市的生态环境具有重要的现实意义。本文利用LandsatTM影像、气象台站资料,基于GIS的空间分析技术及单窗算法,对河谷型城市西宁市的地表温度进行反演,分析了地表温度与NDVI、NDBI的空间对应关系。结果表明:西宁市存在明显的城市热岛效应,热场分布及延伸与西宁市空间扩展布局相一致,热岛范围呈逐年增长的趋势;低、中温区的热岛面积大幅度减少,高温区的热岛范围显著增加;热岛效应冬季最强,夏季次之,秋季有明显减弱的趋势。在河谷型城市的空间格局上,地表温度与NDVI呈负相关关系、与NDBI呈正相关关系。最后,依据热岛时空演化、成因分析和策略研究的思路,从不同角度提出了缓解城市热岛效应的措施和对策,为未来西宁市热环境的改善提供科学参考和决策支持。     

东营近海海域地质环境质量评价

该文在东营市海洋地质调查获得大量数据的基础上,开展近海海域地质环境质量综合评价,反映近海海域地质环境质量现状和变化趋势,为海洋经济的可持续发展和海洋生态环境保护提供依据。选取海岸侵蚀与淤积、活动断裂与地震、灾害地貌与滑坡、浅层气、底辟、埋藏古河道(古湖泊)、表层沉积物质量、海水质量、软土、砂土液化10项指标,采用层次分析法和综合指数法,对东营市近海海域地质环境质量进行了评价。结果表明:研究区大部分区域地质环境质量为优等和良好级别,面积8875km~2,占总面积的86.58%;中等区主要分布在研究区的北部、东南部和东营港近岸区,面积1200km~2,占总面积的11.71%;较差区主要分布在研究区的北部及黄河口外围海域,面积175km~2,占总面积的1.71%。     

淄博市周村区浅层地温能开发利用资源潜力评价

通过对周村区浅层地温能赋存条件的研究,结合岩土样测试等数据的分析,运用层次分析法对研究区进行了开发利用适宜性分区,同时进行了浅层地温能开发利用资源潜力评价及经济效益分析。结果表明:适宜性中等区面积共53.89km~2,占研究区面积的89.76%;研究区内全部应用地埋管地源热泵系统,夏季可制冷面积873.57×10~4 m~2,冬季可供暖1 265.80×10~4 m~2。因此,研究区浅层地温能开发利用潜力大,可带来巨大的经济效益。     

城市绿量的遥感估算与热岛效应的相关分析——以北京市五环区域为例

 本研究以遥感分析北京城市绿地对地表温度的影响,研究包括绿地提取、绿量估算、地表温度反演,地表温度和绿量相关分析。并以高精度Rapid Eye遥感影像,提取了五环内的绿地面积(197.3km²,占城区总面积的29.6%),且估算绿量总值为2450.7km²。同时用2009年7月20日的Landsat5 TM 6波段数据进行地表温度反演,低温区、中温区、次热岛和热岛区域所占的五环内城区面积的比例分别为12.3%,34.7%,40.4%和12.6%。绿量和地表温度呈负相关关系:y=-1278.7x+60650,城市绿地可以使城区平均温度降低2.6℃。     

基于AHP法的鲁中某高铁岩溶塌陷易发性评价

鲁中地区隐伏岩溶广泛分布,多年来岩溶塌陷灾害频发,给区内高速铁路的勘察、施工与运营管理带来了较多困难。本文以泰安东地区某拟建高速铁路为研究对象,在对线路穿越段地质构造、水文地质条件、岩溶塌陷发育现状总结分析的基础上,选取了8项岩溶塌陷影响因子作为评价指标,并运用AHP法计算了各评价指标的权重,构建了有针对性的评价指标体系,结合GIS空间分析方法进行了岩溶塌陷易发性评价。结果表明：研究区易发性高区面积约11.0km²,占比37.6%,易发性中等区面积约9.6km²,占比32.9%,易发性低区面积约7.8km²,占比26.8%,需在高速铁路建设过程中有针对性地采取进一步的防治工程措施。本研究成果可为高铁线路方案的确定及工程处理提供地质依据,也可为同类覆盖型岩溶区高速铁路工程的规划建设与防灾减灾管理提供参考。     

龙口市浅层地温能赋存条件及开发适宜性分区

浅层地温能作为绿色可再生能源,若能得到广泛应用可大大降低城市建筑能耗、缓解环保压力。本文通过现场热响应试验、水文地质钻探与调查研究,查明了龙口市研究区范围内地层的热物性参数、水文地质条件、地温场特征及浅层地热赋存条件,结合层次分析法与指标法展开适宜性分区,并得到以下研究成果：研究区浅层地温能主要分布于深层黏土、砂层及基岩中;钻孔平均导热系数为2.11W/m·K,平均换热量为42.53W/m;研究区地下水型换热系统适宜区面积为0.995km2,适宜性中等区面积为29.21km2,适宜性差区面积为34.795km2;地埋管型换热系统适宜性中等区面积为59.886km2,适宜性差区面积为4.94km2。     

Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of granite porphyry in Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia

The authors studied the geochemistry,zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope of the granite porphyry and its petrogenesis and tectonic setting in the studied area． The zircon U-Pb dating indicates the formation of the gran- ite porphyry is in Early Cretaceous (125． 1 ±1． 5 Ma)． The granite porphyry has high-SiO2and alkali-rich fea- tures,which belongs to high-K calc-alkaline series rocks (A/CNK = 0． 95%--1． 25%)． The analyses of trace elements show the characteristics of a swallow-shaped ＲEE distribution pattern with enrichment in LＲEEs and most of LILEs and HFSEs,depletion in Ba,Sr,Nb,P and Ti,and especially strong depletion in Eu,which indicates the granite porphyry belongs to the aluminous A-type granite． Their εHf(t)range from 5． 94 to 8． 80 with Hf two-stage model ages (TDM2) of 620 Ma to 803 Ma． Combining with the regional tectonic background, we conclude that the source of the rocks is the new crust materials accreted from depleted mantle in Neoprotero- zoic and is the product of partial melting of middle and lower crustal rocks,which may be suffered from the dual impact of the subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Ocean and the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean．     

天津中心渔港岸线集约利用评价模型研究

岸线资源利用管理是沿海地区经济可持续发展的重要支撑,因此开展岸线集约利用评价具有重要的意义。本文首先建立了岸线资源评价指标体系,并从资源优化配置的角度,建立了以遥感数据为主要数据源的岸线集约利用评价指标体系。通过对遥感影像（SPOT）的解译并结合实地调查与经济统计数据获取相关评价指标信息,构建基于层次分析法的岸线资源评价模型和岸线集约利用评价模型,并应用其对天津中心渔港项目进行评价,结果表明：① 天津中心渔港的岸线资源评价综合得分为3.004,其占用的岸线等级属于3级岸线;② 天津中心渔港的岸线集约利用综合得分偏低,只有0.3271。各项指标中,岸线利用状况指标得分相对较高,约占综合得分的49.25%;而中心渔港的岸线投入产出水平指标得分最低,仅占17.27%。研究表明,围填海面积开发强度过低是导致天津中心渔港岸线集约利用强度偏低的主要原因。     

Assessment of Habitat Suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River in China

Habitat richness influences and even determines biological diversity. Plant habitat suitability assessment can provide technical guidance and information support for ecological restoration. Thirteen factors in three categories of terrain, meteorology and soil were chosen to build a habitat suitability assessment index framework in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, based on the local natural environment and the actual influencing factors of vegetative growth. Combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and entropy method, which were used to calculate weights of indexes, habitat suitability was studied by using a multi-objective linear weighting model and geographic information systems(GIS) spatial analysis techniques. The assessment results are as follows: Altitude, soil stability, aspect and slope have more important effects on plant habitat suitability in the Upper Reaches of the Min River, and their weights are 0.311, 0.260, 0.198 and 0.125, respectively. Suitable and sub-suitable habitats cover 4431.80 km2 and 6171.12 km2, respectively; most of which are distributed along both sides of rivers and have higher suitability. Unsuitable habitats cover the largest area(6679.76 km2), accounting for 29.83% of the whole area; and the worst unsuitable habitats are 5107.23 km2(22.81%); they account for more than half of the studyarea. These results indicate that the plant habitat in the Upper Reaches of the Min River is poor and ecological restoration is both urgent and difficult. Therefore, based on the principle of taking measures suitable to the habitat in ecological restoration projects, ecological and engineering measures should be combined to have better effects, while increasing the strength of ecological protection.     

Characteristics and tectonic setting of volcanic rocks in Early Cretaceous Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area，Inner Mongolia

The authors studied zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating,the zircon Hf isotope and geochemistry of acidic volcanic rocks in Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia,and discussed the chronology, source region and tectonic setting of the volcanic rocks in the studied area． The clear oscillatory zoning of zir- cons indicates a typical magmatic origin,and the results of dating show that the volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation were formed in Early Cretaceous (121.5 ±1.0 Ma)． The features of major and trace elements show that the rocks are alkali-rich,poor in calcium and magnesium with enrichment in LILEs like Th,U,K and Gd and depletion in HFSEs,e.g. Nb,Ta,Sr and Ti． The fact implies that they were the products of partial melting of the crust． εHf(t) = ( +6.30--+9.06) and TDM2=600--835 Ma,suggest the magma originated from par- tial melting of the young crust． Combined with the evolution of regional tectonic structure,the authors conclude that the acidic volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation may be formed under the extensional environment relat- ed to the subduction of Paleo-Pacific Plate．     

Numerical simulation of seepage flow field in groundwater source heat pump system and its influence on temperature field

Energy utilization in the aquifers is a new technology closely related to development of heat pump technique. It is significant for the flow distribution to be predicted in the aquifer surrounding the Groundwater Source Heat Pump System (GSHPS). The authors presented a new concept of "flow transfixion" by analyzing general features of aquifers, and then discussed interaction of the flow transfixion with the heat transfixion, which has practical significance to projects. A numerical model of groundwater flow was established based on the basic tenets of water-heat transferring in the aquifer. On this basis the flow field and the temperature field of GSHPS for a site in Shenyang City were numerically simulated. The basis of the flow transfixion was obtained; it was discussed for the influence of the flow transfixion on the heat transfixion. To a certain extent, the study offers some reference for the projects' design of GSHP in the studied area.     

民国中期湖南洞庭湖区耕地空间格局重建

土地覆被变化是影响气候系统的重要因素,在全球气候变化研究中具有重要的研究意义,网格化的历史土地利用数据集广泛应用于各类全球变化模式。本文以民国中期军事地形图为基础数据源,以现代行政区划为底图,重建了该时期湖南洞庭湖地区耕地的空间分布。同时为了与最新的HYDE 3.1数据集进行对比,在此基础上获得空间分辨率为10 km×10 km的耕地数据,结果表明：① 民国中期湖南洞庭湖区总耕地面积约为11 432.01 km ²,占研究区域面积的44%,其中汉寿县、华容县、鼎城区和澧县等地耕地面积分布最多,且以围堤耕地为主。分布相对较少的地区有临澧县、汨罗市、岳阳县,以非围堤耕地为主;② 该时段内洞庭湖区耕地垦殖率较大,最大值超过90%,其中高垦区（垦殖率>40%）范围占研究区面积61%,且主要分布在河湖港汊和冲积平原地貌单元上;中低垦区（<=40%）范围占研究区面积39%,主要分布在环湖丘陵地貌单元上;③ 与HYDE 3.1数据对比发现,单位格网（10 km×10 km）内重建的耕地面积结果误差大于40%的比例为17%,且表现为受河流分布影响为主。湖区相对周围重建结果差异更大,HYDE 3.1数据集重建区域尺度较大,较难考虑到小区域范围的水系分布状况,导致其在湖南洞庭湖区重建精度相对较低。     

滇西至滇西南地区近期中强地震前单台波速比变化特征研究

利用云南区域数字台网波形资料,采用单台多震和达法计算2011年以来滇西至滇西南地区M_S≥5.5地震前后的波速比,对震中距160 km范围内各台站波速比时间进程曲线变化特征进行动态跟踪分析。结果显示,5次地震前存在占比分别为56%、33%、16%、15%的低值异常、高值异常、低值-高值-低值、高值-正常的中期异常特征,还存在占比分别为41%、31%、28%的低值-高值回返、高值持续、低值持续3种短临异常特征。震区不同方位的波速比异常对比分析表明,2次盈江地震前,异常明显区域位于震源东南部,洱源地震前异常突出区域位于震源东北部,景谷地震前异常显著区域位于澜沧江断裂西北部的临沧地区。     

Multivariant statistical analysis for diagenetic information of chert from southern Tibet，China

There are large scale chert formations of different ages exposed widely in southern Tibet,along Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. The typical chert specimens were sampled from Pengcuolin,Xialu and Zongzhuo profiles. Multivariate statistical analysis is applied for effectively extracting the geochemical information of the chert,and the raw data are processed by R-factor analysis. The first,second and third factors representing terrigenous,authigenic and hydrothermal constituents are extracted from the analysis results. From Pengcuolin,Xialu to Zongzhuo chert profiles,the variance ratios of continental and authigenetic factors become higher(51.1%→62.9%→91.6%),while hydrothermal factor rapidly decrease(40.9%→32.2%→0) . This tendency also present in the analysis for trace elements,indicating that Pengcuolin chert is hydrothermal origin,The Zongzhuo chert belong to normal sedimentation and the Xialu chert exhibit normal deposition interacted with hydrothermal sedimentation. The facts provide significant implications for understanding the diagenetic and palaeomineralization information of southern Tibet.     

Sedimentary environment of Late Carboniferous Tangjiatun Formation in Acheng of Heilongjiang

According to the lithological assemblages and elemental geochemistry of the measured Profile,the authors studied the sedimentary and tectonic environment of the Late Carboniferous Tangjiatun Formation ...     

我国干热岩资源潜力区深部热结构

干热岩是潜力巨大的可再生能源,通过建立EGS试验场地开展干热岩资源开发示范工程是我国开发深部地热的前沿性、基础性工作。地壳深部温度是干热岩开发选址中首先考虑的因素,在重新编制中国大地热流图、居里面深度图的基础上,建立了东南沿海地区和青藏铁路沿线地区2个典型干热岩资源潜力区三维温度场模型,在不考虑热对流的情况下,模拟结果显示东南沿海4km深处的最高温度能达到165℃,青藏铁路沿线地区4km深处最高温度可达到380℃。同时,对比模拟结果和前人实测数据,分析了2个研究区不同的热成因机制,东南沿海地区以壳源产热为主,漳州地热田放射性集中层厚度10km,幔源热流所占比例为39.6%,青藏铁路沿线地区以幔源传导热为主,羊八井地热田放射性集中层厚度为6km,幔源热流所占比例为53.7%。通过与文献结果对比分析了模拟结果的合理性,模拟结果能够为我国干热岩靶区选址提供参考。      

Geology and fluid inclusion of Wadi Sharis Neoproterozoic orogenic gold deposits in northwestern Yemen

The Wadi Sharis orogenic gold deposit in northwestern Yemen is related to the fault and shear zones vein at medium depth in the crust in the Neoproterozoic meta-sedimentary and meta-volcanosedimentary succession of greenschist to amphibolite facies metamorphism.Three distinct fluid inclusion types have been identified in the gold-bearing quartz sulphide veins of the deposit:(1) type I:vapour-liquid two-phase(VH2O-LH2O),(2) type II:three-phase CO2(VCO2-LH2O-LCO2) and(3) type III:vapour-rich(LCO2-VCO2) inclusions.Six analysis of individual fluid inclusion indicate the fluid inclusions comprise mainly of H2O and CO2.Formation P-T conditions recorded by fluid inclusions in quartz crystals correspond to 180℃-380℃ and up to 130 MPa,as indicated by high-density CO2 bubbles(up to 0.98 g/cm3) observed in some inclusions.The estimated crystallization pressures correspond to approximately 4-10 km of overburden,assuming a lithostatic load.The salinity ranges from 0 to 22 wt%.The deposit holds at 0.2-5 g/t Au and contains low-moderate salinity.