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深厚覆盖土层地震响应时域分析中阻尼矩阵形式的选取十分重要。本文基于滞后阻尼比和振型阻尼比构造了6种不同的比例阻尼矩阵形式,研究其对深覆盖土层地震响应的影响。以上海某一实际深厚覆盖土层为算例,分别以人工合成基岩地震波、汶川地震时上海佘山记录的基岩地震波为输入,得到6种阻尼矩阵形式下不同深度处的土层地震响应,并以频域解为基准解进行比较。研究结果表明,阻尼矩阵形式对加速度结果的影响程度比位移结果要大,运用同一种阻尼矩阵形式所得结果误差和输入地震波频谱特性有关。地震波自身的频谱特征对阻尼矩阵形式的选取有一定影响,建议综合考虑地震波的频谱特征和场地土层特性来构建合适的阻尼矩阵以获得合理的结果。 相似文献
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阻尼矩阵的选择对土层时域内地震反应计算的准确性有重要意义。本文构造了质量比例阻尼、刚度比例阻尼、Rayleigh阻尼、Caughey阻尼和Clough阻尼矩阵,研究各阻尼对土层地震反应分析精度的影响。以苏通大桥5号桥塔基础处的工程场地为例,分别以人工合成基岩波,Northridge波、Parkfield波和汶川波为输入,得到不同阻尼模型下土层的地震反应,结果表明Clough阻尼在计算精度和误差稳定性上要优于其他阻尼模型,针对Clough阻尼的不足之处提出了改进方法,算例表明改进后的Clough阻尼能在保证计算精度的前提下减少计算机的存储量和计算量。 相似文献
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介绍场地时域分析基本理论和几种常见的阻尼矩阵确定方法,并基于有限差分方法,采用实际地震记录,考虑输入地震动强度和频谱特性,分别选择5种不同的瑞利阻尼矩阵形式,比较分析其对深厚场地时域动力反应的影响。结果表明:不同阻尼矩阵对加速度和反应谱均有影响,影响程度和输入地震动的频谱特性有关;当土层基频接近输入地震动卓越频率时,只根据土层基频确定阻尼矩阵是可行的,但当输入地震动卓越频率高于或远高于土层基频时,该方法会严重低估地表加速度峰值和反应谱谱值,时域分析中阻尼的确定应综合考虑土层特性和地震动频谱特性。 相似文献
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一定的坝址地基未来所可能产生地震的卓越周期有一定范围,面板堆石坝的动力设计应尽量使坝体的高反应频率带与地基的卓越频率远离,不同高度面板堆石坝幅频反应比较研究的目的是弄清楚不同高度坝体的高动力反应频率带,为坝址与坝高的配套选择提供参考。本文通过对50m,100m,150m,200m面板堆石坝幅频反应的研究表明,面板堆石坝最适合修建在岩基上,高坝比低坝适合修建的地基范围更广。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2017,(4)
沉积风化作用使得天然土体表现出明显的成层特性和横观各向同性(TI)特性,然而目前还很少有针对层状TI场地地震反应分析的研究。本文推导了层状黏弹性TI场地的精确动力刚度矩阵,进而采用刚度矩阵方法求解了层状黏弹性TI场地的地震反应。文中通过与已有文献结果以及与经典EERA程序计算结果的比较验证了方法的正确性,并且分别在频域内和时域内进行了数值计算分析,研究了土体的TI性质对地表地震反应的影响。数值结果表明,TI场地与其等效各向同性场地地震反应有着显著的差异;当q P或q SV波以倾斜角度入射时,土体的TI参数对地表位移幅值放大谱的峰值及峰值频率具有显著影响;TI参数的改变将导致场地动力特性的改变,进而显著影响场地的地表加速度时程和相应的地震反应谱。 相似文献
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本文通过对地震反应谱的数值计算,以各种不同频率的最大反应到时为样本进行概率统计,给出了近场地震波不同频率的最大反应到时谱。为采用时程分析法进行结构抗震计算时持续时间的选取提供了依据。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(6)
时域分析中采用粘滞阻尼反映小应变条件下土的阻尼特性,瑞雷阻尼则是常用的黏滞阻尼形式。本文基于有限差分方法,构建一组数值计算模型,以实际地震记录作为输入,以不同的土层条件作为分析对象,采用加速度、位移和反应谱指标评价了瑞雷阻尼形式对土层地震反应的影响,并将不同阻尼形式下的计算结果与响嘡台阵真实记录进行了对比分析。计算结果表明:阻尼形式对加速度反应和反应谱的影响显著,对位移反应影响有限,但位移幅值沿土层高度的变化规律较复杂;不同阻尼形式时反应谱短周期段的谱值差别明显,而对反应谱长周期段谱值影响有限;高频地震动激励,深软土层中不同阻尼形式的计算结果离散性大;在确定阻尼形式时要综和考虑土层特征和地震动频谱特性,只考虑土层卓越频率的阻尼形式会低估土层地震反应。对于长周期地震动输入,本文建议目标频率取土层第3阶频率,对于高频地震动,目标频率可取为反应谱峰值对应频率。 相似文献
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Probability density evolution method for seismic liquefaction performance analysis of earth dam
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To investigate the seismic liquefaction performance of earth dams under earthquake loading, we present a new methodology for evaluating the seismic response of earth dams based on a performance‐based approach and a stochastic vibration method. This study assesses an earthfill dam located in a high‐intensity seismic region of eastern China. The seismic design levels and corresponding performance indexes are selected according to performance‐based criteria and dam seismic codes. Then, nonlinear constitutive models are used to derive an array of deterministic seismic responses of the earth dam by dynamic time series analysis based on a finite element model. Based on these responses, the stochastic seismic responses and dynamic reliability of the earth dam are obtained using the probability density evolution method. Finally, the seismic performance of the earth dam is assessed by the performance‐based and reliability criteria. Our results demonstrate the accuracy of the seismic response analysis of earth dams using the random vibration method. This new method of dynamic performance analysis of earth dams demonstrates that performance‐based criteria and reliability evaluation can provide more objective indices for decision‐making rather than using deterministic seismic acceleration time series as is the current normal practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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基于等效线性化的一维土层地震反应计算是目前国内外普遍采用的方法,国外的SHAKE91、DEEPSOIL和我国的LSSRLI-1即是根据这一方法编制的通用计算程序。本文采用这3个程序进行了不同地震波、不同输入地震动幅值下不同场地类型的土层地震反应计算,并对三者的结果进行了全面的比较分析。结果表明:①SHAKE91和DEEPSOIL程序的计算结果完全相同;②当土层最大剪应变均采用时域计算时,LSSRLI-1程序的计算结果与SHAKE91和DEEPSOIL程序基本相同,但有微小差别,其原因是:在基于等效剪应变通过离散形式的剪切模量和阻尼比随等效剪应变变化的关系曲线确定等效剪切模量和阻尼比时,DEEPSOIL和SHAKE91采用的插值方法与LSSRLI-1不同;③当LSSRLI-1程序采用频域经验关系计算土层最大剪应变时,特别是在强地震动输入下得到的土层地表加速度峰值和加速度反应谱与另外两个程序的计算结果有差别,且土层最大剪应变随着输入加速度的增大出现较大的差别。因此,本文建议:当采用LSSRLI-1程序计算土层地震响应时,应使用程序中的时域解方法代替以往默认的频域经验关系方法。 相似文献
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The important effects of bottom sediments on the seismic response of arch dams are studied in this paper. To do so, a three‐dimensional boundary element model is used. It includes the water reservoir as a compressible fluid, the dam and unbounded foundation rock as viscoelastic solids, and the bottom sediment as a two‐phase poroelastic domain with dynamic behaviour described by Biot's equations. Dynamic interaction among all those regions, local topography and travelling wave effects are taken into account. The results obtained show the important influence of sediment compressibility and permeability on the seismic response. The former is associated with a general change of the system response whereas the permeability has a significant influence on damping at resonance peaks. The analysis is carried out in the frequency domain considering time harmonic excitation due to P and S plane waves. The time‐domain results obtained by using the Fourier transform for a given earthquake accelerogram are also shown. The possibility of using simplified models to represent the bottom sediment effects is discussed in the paper. Two alternative models for porous sediment are tested. Simplified models are shown to be able to reproduce the effects of porous sediments except for very high permeability values. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Nonlinear seismic response analysis of arch dam-foundation systems- part I dam-foundation rock interaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The arch dam–foundation rock dynamic interaction and the nonlinear opening and closing effects of contact joints on arch dam
are important to the seismic response analysis of arch dams. Up to date, there is not yet a reasonable and rigorous procedure
including the two factors in seismic response analysis. The methods for the analysis of arch dam–foundation rock dynamic interaction
in frequency domain are not suitable to the problem with nonlinear behaviors, in this paper, so an analysis method in time
domain is proposed by combining the explicit finite element method and the transmitting boundary, and the dynamic relaxation
technique is adopted to obtain the initial static response for dynamic analysis. Moreover, the influence of arch dam–foundation
dynamic interaction with energy dispersion on seismic response of designed Xiaowan arch dam in China is studied by comparing
the results of the proposed method and the conventional method with the massless foundation, and the local material nonlinear
and nonhomogeneous behaviors of foundation rock are also considered. The reservoir water effect is assumed as Westergaard
added mass model in calculation. The influence of the closing–opening effects of contact joints of arch dam on the seismic
response will be studied in another paper. 相似文献
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新版《水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范》(NB35047-2015)中规定:"抗震设防类别为甲类的混凝土坝应考虑远域地基的辐射阻尼效应"。针对通用商业有限元软件Marc在振型分解反应谱法中的不足,且缺少时程分析法中模拟地基辐射阻尼效应的粘弹性人工边界,采用Fortran语言编制相应的独立程序及二次开发程序,以便在Mrac软件中精确实现新规范要求下的混凝土坝抗震安全评价。数值算例和工程实例分析结果验证了基于Marc二次开发实施思路和自编程序的正确性;重力坝抗震薄弱部位主要为坝体断面突变处,考虑无限地基的辐射阻尼效应后,坝体地震动力响应明显下降。 相似文献
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Conventional seismic analysis of gravity dams assumes that the behaviour of the dam–water–soil system can be represented using a 2‐D model since dam vertical contraction joints between blocks allow them to vibrate independently from each other. The 2‐D model assumes the reservoir to be infinite and of constant width, which is not true for certain types of reservoirs. In this paper, a boundary element method (BEM) model in the frequency domain is used to investigate the influence of the reservoir geometry on the hydrodynamic dam response. Important conceptual conclusions about the dam–reservoir system behaviour are obtained using this model. The results show that the reservoir shape influences the seismic response of the dam, making it necessary to account for 3‐D effects in order to obtain accurate results. In particular, the 3‐D pressure and displacement responses can be substantially larger than those computed with the 2‐D model. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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在地震荷载作用下,自由场地会产生土体侧向变形和地表响应放大现象。由于土体的高度非线性,计算自由场地地震响应时,不同的阻尼比及剪切模量取值是造成其计算结果与试验结果相差较大的原因之一。目前动力计算常采用瑞利阻尼方法,其系数取值会在一定程度上影响计算结果。选用两模态简化瑞利阻尼系数计算方法,分析土体阻尼比及控制频率的取值对计算结果的影响,对比离心机模型试验,利用开源有限元平台OpenSees,采用适合于土体动力分析的多屈服面本构模型(PDMY),建立剪切梁模型模拟三维自由场地,并分析瑞利阻尼参数对自由场地地震响应和侧向变形计算结果的影响。结果表明,针对相对密度为60%的Nevada干砂,阻尼比为4%、控制频率比为5时,场地响应计算结果与试验结果较为符合。综合分析显示场地非线性响应时域计算时,应特别注意选用的瑞利阻尼参数值。 相似文献
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论证了广大坝抗震安全性研究的实践与发展现状。目前大坝在地震作用下的应力与变形分析方法主要有拟静力法和动力响应分析法,并依据大坝混凝土的抗拉强度判断大坝的安全性;各国规范体现的抗震设防弹念和大坝材料的容许应力差别很大。坝址河谷不同高程处地震动状态不尽相同、河谷两恻同一高程处地震动也不一样。混凝土材料的强度与加载速度、应变速率有关;地震时大坝不同部位的应变速率不相同、同一部位的应变速率也随时间变化;混凝土的动态强度既与应变速率有关。也与应变历史等其它因素有关。大坝河谷地震动的输入机理和模型研究、混凝土的动态强度的变化规律探索、大坝抗震安全性评价准则的完善与创新等将有待深入。通过以上内容针对性分析,提出了大坝抗震评价的一些合理建议、方法以及进一步的研究方向。 相似文献