高密度电阻率法在地下水勘探中的应用

采用高密度电阻率法对河南某地区进行了野外实地测量数据的采集工作,现场共完成高密度电阻率法电测深剖面7条,剖面长度360~600m,探测深度大于260~350m,每条线的有效物理点552个,通过数据处理和反演结果综合解释分析,基本上查明地下水的埋藏条件、含水层类型及其主要特征,并确定地下水井6个.     

高密度电阻率法在考古勘探中的应用

探测河南商丘地区东周时期宋国地下古城墙遗址,采用了高密度电阻率法。其电阻率反演结果与古城墙埋藏情况十分吻合。显示了孝古是地球物理方法的一个重要应用领域。     

高密度电阻率法在东安金矿床勘探中的应用

本文论述了高密度电阻率法在逊克县东安岩金矿床勘探中的应用效果;阐明了该方法在地质勘查中解决高阻脉状金矿体产状及埋深的技术手段.     

高密度电阻率法四电极系横向分辨率探讨

用高密度电阻率法探测地下目标地质体,已经成为近几年常用的方法。随着电法仪器的发展,野外工作方法的改进,以及反演软件的不断更新,高密度电阻率法分辨率已有了长足的提高。这里针对目前市场上常用的RES2DMOD电法模型正演软件和RES2DINV反演软件,对高密度电阻率法四电极系横向分辨率进行了初步探讨,并对野外工作方法选择和反演解释提出部份建议。     

高密度电阻率法在东安岩金矿床勘探中的应用

利用高密度电阻率法对东安岩金矿床地表覆盖层下的矿体进行了测量，着重阐述了该方法在确定浅层覆盖、陡立、大脉状金矿体产状的技术手段。认为在该矿区矿体勘探阶段应用高密度电阻率测量方法探寻矿体，具有效率高，成本低的特点。     

高密度电阻率法研究进展

文中从高密度电法系统的发展、电极排列方式,反演方法及应用等方面,介绍了高密度电阻率法的应用研究进展。说明了高密度电法仪器从集中式到分布式,电极排列方式为适应地形变化等因素的影响,由某一种排列方式发展到组合排列和自定义排列方式。反演方法由早期的最小二乘反演发展到佐迪反演、基于born近似反演等反演方法,且从一维发展到三维,甚至四维。反演软件也从二维反演发展到三维反演,如德国DMT公司的反演软件从Res2DINV发展到Res3DINV,美国AGI公司的Earthimnge反演软件可以进行水域、跨孔高密度电法发演。列举了高密度电法近几年来在多个领域的应用概况,最后,文章总结出高密度电法仪器的发展方向为：提高发射机功率,增大供电电流,以及增加排列长度,提高仪器通道数量;带地形的非线性共轭梯度三维反演具有需要内存小、计算速度快,可以更好的定位鼻常体的幸间位置等优点．将会得到受为广泛的应用．     

不同深度岩溶管道的高密度电阻率法反演特征

高密度电法在岩溶区找水具有很好的效果,岩溶山区岩溶管道深度各异,为了探寻岩溶管道深度变化下高密度电阻率的响应规律,本文以高密度电阻率法原理为基础,采用高密度电阻率法微测系统,利用铜柱体模型,模拟均匀介质下不同深度岩溶管道的高密度电阻率响应特征。结果表明:当岩溶管道深度大于15倍电极距时,矩形AMN装置和滚动MNB装置未能探测到该深度的岩溶管道;当岩溶管道深度小于10~11倍电极距时,矩形AMN和滚动MNB装置联合能较精准地定位岩溶管道在平面上的投影位置;岩溶管道反演异常的横向宽度始终大于真实异常横向宽度,反演异常顶部埋深小于或等于真实异常顶部埋深,且岩溶管道深度越浅,反演异常体的形态、大小、埋深越接近真实异常;随岩溶管道深度的增加,岩溶管道的矩形AMN装置和滚动MNB装置异常反演形态由椭圆向半椭圆、弓形变化,直至消失。      

高密度电阻率法二维反演在工程勘探中的应用

应用高密度电阻率法二维反演方法能够提高资料解释的准确性。通过几个最小二乘法反演在工程勘探中的应用实例,说明高密度电阻率法二维反演处理的优越性。     

不等电极距情况下高密度电阻率法的反演结果分析

通过高密度电阻率法的模型实验,得出不等电极距情况对直立高阻薄板和低阻球体反演结果的影响:缺失电极对它正下方的ρ_s影响最大,而异常形态主要在水平方向有明显的变化,异常体随电极缺失的位置有趋势变化,电极缺失的数目越多,异常形态变化越大,但是从整体来看反演剖面图基本相似。     

高密度电阻率法探测采空区

通过对某金属矿区开采历史、现状和形成环境的分析,创建了该矿区采空区的异常响应模型;利用模糊分析的原理,提出了采空区调查的10个指标、2个指数,并对其进行了模糊赋值和运算.对利用高密度电测异常进行采空区空间位置的认定给予了积极的探讨.     

电阻率剖面法探测深度的研究

在考虑了异常体的形态、异常体和围岩的电性差异、供电极和接收极测量误差、供电电流误差、仪器测量精度,以及外界干扰等因素的基础上,提出了用电位异常来描述电阻率剖面法中探测深度的定义。通过编程,计算得到各向同性均匀半空间中球体异常,在电阻率剖面法中的电位异常,得出在特定条件下的探测深度。定量分析了联合剖面法中探测深度与电极距AO、供电电流和外界干扰的关系。制作并完成了软件的各种正演计算,可以为电阻率剖面法野外施工前的电极距大小、供电电流的设计等提供参考。     

基于高密度电法的城市岩溶地下水通道三维电性成像

岩溶地下水通道是隐伏岩溶区常见的地质现象,开展城市隐伏岩溶通道探测对城市地下空间开发和地质灾害防治具有重要意义。岩溶通道常具有高度的空间变异性,常规二维探测难以对其进行较好的表征。基于此,文章采用三维高密度电法对城市隐伏岩溶地下通道进行了精细探测,结合地球物理数值模拟和应用实例,分析三维高密度电法对不同充填类型岩溶地下通道的成像效果。结果表明：三维高密度电法较二维探测在数据量和分辨率上均有较大提升,可更直观地表征目标体三维电性结构特征,该探测方法对岩溶地下水通道成像具有优势;通过对武汉市源泉村岩溶地下水通道三维电性成像,揭示了该低温热泉的地下水运移特征,可为城市地热勘探开发提供参考。     

Reliability of dipole-dipole electrical resistivity tomography for defining depth to bedrock in covered karst terranes

 Sinkhole collapse is one of the main limitations on the development of karst areas, especially where bedrock is covered by unconsolidated material. Studies of sinkhole formation have shown that sinkholes are likely to develop in cutter (enlarged joint) zones as a result of subterranean erosion by flowing groundwater. Because of the irregular distribution of pinnacles and cutters on the bedrock surface, uncertainties arise when "hit-or-miss" borehole drilling is used to locate potential collapse sites. A high-resolution geophysical technique capable of depicting the details of the bedrock surface is essential for guiding the drilling program. Dipole-dipole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was used to map the bedrock surface at a site in southern Indiana where limestone is covered by about 9 m of clayey soils. Forty-nine transects were conducted over an area of approximately 42,037 m². The electrode spacing was 3 m. The length of the transects varied from 81 to 249 m. The tomographs were interpreted with the aid of soil borings. The repeatability of ERT was evaluated by comparing the rock surface elevations interpreted from pairs of transects where they crossed each other. The average difference was 2.4 m, with a maximum of 10 m. The discrepancy between interpreted bedrock-surface elevations for a transect intersection may be caused by variations in the subsurface geology normal to the transect. Averaging the elevation data interpreted from different transects improved the ERT results. A bedrock surface map was generated using only the averaged elevation data at the transect junctions. The accuracy of the map was further evaluated using data from four exploratory boreholes. The average difference between interpreted and actual bedrock surface-elevations was less than 0.4 m. The map shows two large troughs in the limestone surface: one coinciding with an existing sinkhole basin, while the other is in alignment with a small topographic valley. Because sinkholes were observed at the same elevation interval in similar valleys in the vicinity, the delineated trough may have implications for future land use at the site. Received: 4 January 1999 · Accepted: 8 March 1999     

Evaluation of landfill disposal boundary by means of electrical resistivity imaging

This paper deals with an employment of electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) for survey of leachate content on the waste disposal site in Northern Israel. The research consisted of conducting ten ERI lines and drilling investigation wells. Data simulation used a 2D EarthImager inversion program. Analysis of 2D ERI interpretation results shows that determination of the boundary between the landfill body bottom intensively saturated with leachates and underlying layers of highly water saturated fat nonconsolidated clays presents a challenge. However, statistical analysis of ERI data indicates that standard deviation and confidence interval of a set of resistivity data measured in the landfill body are significantly larger than those in underlying clays. Moreover, maximum changes of these parameters are found on the boundary between landfill body and underlying soil, thus reflecting natural differences in scattering of resistivity data measured in these two objects.     

Characterization of shallow karst using electrical resistivity imaging in a limestone mining area

The Guangxi area is famous for its high degree of karstification due to a long period of groundwater erosion and the development of fracture networks. Karst collapse appeared during the mining process and caused many environmental problems. Applying electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is the most cost-effective method to study the characteristic of the subsurface karst environment. In this area, more than 24 km of ERI profiles around a mining area is carried out to present the development of karst which will be used to evaluate the effects on the ground water and the surrounding environment. The area represents a classical limestone rock which is of high quality and is used for cement production. In this study, the ERI is used to determine the geometry of the karst range at depth. The results are in good agreement with drilling experiments. The ERI survey provided near-surface resistivity information, which is very useful for establishing the geometry and the position of potential karst.     

电法勘探在地热勘查中的应用

本文通过分析丰宁县洪汤寺温泉勘查特点,查明了断裂构造的位置,地下水的来源及成因,选择了拟建热水井的位置,经钻探验证后,取得了良好的地质效果.     

高密度电法在上海地区的应用

结合工程实例,主要介绍了高密度电法在上海地区的综合应用,并分析了高密度电法的各种装置形式的优缺点。     

Unusual electrical resistivity effects associated with fast-growing trees

A series of electrical resistivity profiles have been acquired in eucalyptus groves during archaeological surveys performed in Portugal. The combination of the sandy soils in the region plus the presence of high growth eucalyptus trees yielded anomalous resistivity values which were extremely high and showed large variability. Other moderate and low growth trees did not show similar unusual resistivities. We conclude that extreme caution must be exercised when interpreting data from archaeological surveys associated with unusual soils or vegetation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

电阻率测试技术在水泥土深层搅拌法工程中的应用研究

通过水泥土电阻率试验研究分析,可知水泥土电阻率与无侧限抗压强度、水泥掺入比、龄期成正相关,即随着无侧限抗压强度、水泥掺入比、龄期的增大而增大;水泥土电阻率与含水量负相关,即随着含水量增大而降低;影响水泥土电阻率的主要因素依次为含盐量、水泥掺入比、天然含水量、粉煤灰含量、石灰含量。进行了水泥土电阻率和喷粉搅拌桩桩身抗压强度、芯样力学性状和标贯击数的对比研究以及野外电测井、电测深剖面勘探,探索了电阻率测试技术在水泥土深层搅拌法工程中的应用。