专题地图属性信息的LOD表达与TreeMap可视化

提出一种面向专题地图属性信息的LOD可视化方法,应用新型层次结构信息可视化工具TreeMap实现了属性信息的多层次展示,随着专题地图尺度变化自适应调节属性信息的结构层次细节。并将面域拓扑制图技术Cartogram与之结合,建立了顾及区域拓扑特征的多层次属性信息空间定位方法,为受众提供了面向属性信息的跨层次空间认知策略。     

Representation and its Relationship with Cartographic Visualization

A research agenda is presented which addresses the current role and potential of map displays. By considering the geospatial data used in visualization, the form and design of maps, the purposes for which map displays are created, the nature of the map user community, and the technology employed to visualize geospatial data, a thorough overview of the nature of cartographic visualization is given. Under the same themes, and sourced in cartographic tradition, cartographic practice and technological opportunities, a series of possible research avenues are highlighted. The important links between representation and the user interface, map user cognition and the geospatial database are stressed.     

分割图像上的区域及其空间关系的表示

在影像分析过程中，分割图像上的区域及其相互关系的表示是十分重要的。它是后继分析处理过程的基础。本文讨论了面向区域的游程编码表示方案，在此基础上给出了判断区域之间空间关系的算法，并对关系图在计算机中的存储做了研究。这些方法对计算机视觉和图像信息系统中的空间推理都是十分有用的。     

论数学在测绘中的应用和前景

数学是一门研究客观物质世界的数量关系和空间形式的科学。数学,在众多学科领域包括测绘领域取得了重要而广泛的应用。本文简要阐述了数学的基本特点、发展规律和发展趋势,对数学特别是现代数学在测绘中的应用进行了讨论,对数学在测绘中的应用进行了展望,并提出一些有待研究的问题。     

基于语义映射的空间数据转换及其应用研究

数据转换是GIS工程建设中的一个十分重要的内容,传统的方法往往只是进行数据格式的转换,忽略了空间数据之间的内在联系,本文将语义映射和空间操作相结合,实现空间数据和属性数据的重构,从而实现异构数据的快速转换。     

Narrative Cartography: From Mapping Stories to the Narrative of Maps and Mapping

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of the multiple ways of envisioning the relationships between maps and narratives. This is approached from a map making perspective. Throughout the process of editing this special issue, we have identified two main types of relationships. Firstly, maps have been used to represent the spatio-temporal structures of stories and their relationships with places. Oral, written and audio-visual stories have been mapped extensively. They raise some common cartographic challenges, such as improving the spatial expression of time, emotions, ambiguity, connotation, as well as the mixing of personal and global scales, real and fictional places, dream and reality, joy and pain. Secondly, the potential of maps as narratives and the importance of connecting the map with the complete mapping process through narratives is addressed. Although the potential of maps to tell stories has already been widely acknowledged, we emphasize the increasing recognition of the importance of developing narratives that critically describe the cartographic process and context in which maps unfold - the core idea of post-representational cartography. Telling the story about how maps are created and how they come to life in a broad social context and in the hands of their users has become a new challenge for mapmakers.     

专家系统的发展及其在测绘中的应用

本文从应用的角度介绍人工智能的重要分支——专家系统的发展。结合几个典型的专家系统阐述它的基本原理、结构、特点及其主要应用。对专家系统在测绘领域的应用尝试也作了概括性的介绍。     

The Military Map of the United Kingdom and its Impact on Mapping in the Twentieth Century

Abstract

Considerable attention has been paid in the literature to the changing style of Ordnance Survey mapping in the twentieth century. However, little has been written about the origins of the characteristic appearance of the first multi-colour editions, other that the Ordnance Survey used a military edition that was already in production. The distinctive style grew out of the work of a committee established in 1892 by the War Office to consider future army requirements for a map of the UK. This paper explores the work of the committee and its long-term implications for the look of mapping in the twentieth century.     

自组织特征映射神经网络及其在彩色地图自动分层中的应用

地图数据分层是地图识别系统的一个重要组成部分。由于传统的基于Bayes准则识别方法要求已知概率分布密度,当实际概率分布与假设条件存在差异时,无法取得满意的识别效果。神经网络方法可以克服这些缺点。本文利用Kohonen提出的自组织特征映射网络的学习、识别能力,实现了对彩色地图扫描数据的自动分层。     

测绘监理机制在西部测图中的应用

国家西部1:50 000地形图空白区测图工程项目中首次引入测绘监理机制,通过其中青藏高原西部C1+C2区域测图工程项目的监理案例,从监理的角度阐述测绘监理在西部测图工程中发挥的作用.     

地图制图软件中图形编辑Undo/Redo功能的实现

地图制图软件中,图形编辑功能与其撤销/重做(Undo/Redo)是必不可少的。本文详细说明了基于Ora-cle数据库的地图制图软件中编辑模块的数据模型及其定义,提出了图形编辑的一般公式。并在此公式的基础上,提出了一种高效的Undo/Redo执行原理:在编辑过程中保存编辑类型和参数,在执行Undo/Redo时提取数据编辑类型和参数进行处理,并给出了具体的实现代码。     

Mapping Isolated Wetlands in a Karst Landscape: GIS and Remote Sensing Methods

GIS and remote sensing (RS) techniques using Landsat ETM+ and objectoriented segmentation were developed to identify depressional isolated wetlands in a >2,600 km² mixed land use area of north-central Florida, USA. Both the standalone RS method and the combined GIS/RS method were successful at identifying isolated wetlands > 0.20 ha. Combining the GIS and RS methods yielded producer and user accuracies ranging from 93 to 100% and 86 to 95%, respectively. The methods utilized successfully mapped isolated wetlands and could be used to address questions surrounding national estimates and areal distribution of isolated wetlands.     

小卫星技术发展及其在测绘领域中的应用

小卫星由于其研发周期短、体积小、功能强、使用灵活等特点,在通信、遥感等领域得到了越来越广泛的应用。在现代化的测绘技术体系建设中,小卫星及相关技术的应用将大大推动测绘技术的发展,为测绘技术体系和生产带来新的模式。     

Mapping in the cloud

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the development of a crowdsourced indoor navigation system named SoleWay. Because the input of volunteers is crucial, special attention was paid to the usability of the system at different stages throughout its development. Besides a user-friendly system, this has resulted in a number of important insights that can facilitate the development of future systems: the importance social motivation of potential users, integration of a stepwise approach (with a gradual release and subsequent user evaluations), and adaptation to user requirements. These elements combined are also crucial to be able to obtain a critical crowd that can sustain a viable content.     

数字化成图在水库库区地形图测绘中的应用

通过工程实例介绍了数字化成图技术在水库库区地形图测绘中的应用。该方法摒弃了传统人工成图作业方式，实现了测绘工作的数字化，大大缩短了成图周期，确保了成果质量。     

The Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland: An Outline of its History and Present Mapping Tasks

Abstract

This explains the formation of the Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland as a separate institution in 1921, when it took over the map series which until that time had been part of the Ordnance Survey (U. K.) responsibility. As happened with many mapping organisations, replanning and reorganisation took place after 1945; this included a triangulation for Northern Ireland to provide a basis for a new Irt"sh Grid, and the introduction of the 1:1250 scale for major urban areas.

The technical problems of reproduction and revision are then considered, and details given for each of the main series.     

数字化测绘技术在白山市城区地籍变更调查的应用及其经验

土地是人类赖以生存的物质基础和生活源泉,保护和合理开发利用土地资源已成为人类需要解决的主要问题之一。随着白山市经济的快速增长和城市的变化发展,白山市城区的土地利用现状已发生了很大变化,为了保持城区地籍资料的现时性、精确性,加强土地管理,进行了白山市城区土地地籍调查。本文就数字化测绘技术在白山市城区地籍变更测量中的实践作简单介绍。     

Evaluation of EGM 2008 with EGM96 and its Utilization in Topographical Mapping Projects

Precise terrain elevation information is required in various remote sensing and Engineering projects. There are many technologies to derive the terrain elevation information like GPS, ground surveys, LiDAR, Photogrammetry. GPS is the most widely used technology to obtain information due to its ease of operation. However the usage of ellipsoidal heights, i.e. with respect to WGS84 has limited usage in hydrological applications. GPS heights must be converted into orthometric heights for use in hydrological applications, and this requires geoid undulation information. These geoid undulations can be deduced from earth gravity models. There are various earth gravity models available for ready usage like EGM96, EGM2008, GFZ96 in the public domain. This paper discusses the improvements observed in deriving orthometric heights using EGM2008 over its predecessor model EGM96. The utilization of the new model in topographical mapping projects are also presented.