鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田马五6亚段喀斯特储层分布规律

鄂尔多斯盆地马五5亚段上部发育风化壳储层,马五6亚段天然气显示良好,发育喀斯特储层.利用岩心、铸体薄片及测井等资料,采用单因素分析、综合编图法,以喀斯特角砾岩划分方案为基础,进行沉积微相、岩溶角砾岩划分,研究岩溶角砾岩相的物性特征及喀斯特储层分布规律.结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田马五6亚段主要发育裂纹—镶嵌角砾岩相...     

海西早期岩溶改造作用及古地貌恢复:以塔河2区为例

塔河油田2区奥陶系储层为一间房组碳酸盐岩礁滩相地层,结合储层岩心、岩石薄片、测井分析及地球化学特征,进行了构造-沉积特征研究,通过井震结合,应用填平补齐法,恢复了该区及周缘奥陶系顶面海西早期岩溶古地貌,并划分为4个亚地貌单元,分析了奥陶系储层特征及成岩作用,研究了储层岩溶作用期次,得出海西早期的溶蚀-岩溶-构造破裂是储层改造的主要作用机制;通过现今钻井缝洞单元分布,结合海西早期岩溶古地貌、古水系及断裂控制,提出了储层发育的有利区带,得出环T443、TK220、T207井附近泄水洼凼北部区域是岩溶储层发育最有利区域。      

古地貌恢复及其对重力流沉积砂体的控制作用: 以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长73亚段为例

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7₃亚段沉积体系和砂体成因类型及展布特征受湖盆底部形态控制明显,不同地区砂体类型、成因及空间展布各异。根据岩心、钻井、测井等资料运用印模法与沉积学方法精确地恢复了鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7₃亚段的古地貌,并对微古地貌单元进行精细刻画,在此基础上分析了古地貌对盆地延长组长7₃亚段沉积体系和砂体成因类型及展布特征的控制作用。研究表明:长7₃期古地貌整体呈东缓西陡的不对称坳陷形态,明确了研究区发育高地、坡折带、湖底深洼（凹）、湖底平原、湖底古隆、湖底古脊和古沟道7个微古地貌单元。研究区延长组长7₃亚段重力流沉积体系受古地貌控制较明显,从湖盆边缘至湖盆中心依次发育三角洲前缘沉积、沟道型重力流沉积、半深湖-深湖沉积,从坡折带至湖盆中央,重力流沉积类型逐渐从砂质碎屑流沉积转换为浊流沉积。古地貌形态控制着研究区延长组长7₃亚段重力流砂体的整体展布,而高地、坡折带及古沟道等微古地貌单元则进一步控制重力流砂体的物源方向、成因类型、运输方向、横向连通性及展布形态等。      

地质模式约束的SVR属性融合在浅水三角洲储层描述中的应用: 以西湖凹陷X气田为例

X气田位于东海盆地西湖凹陷中央反转构造带,主要目的层H4层为浅水三角洲沉积环境,气田地震资料主频较低（25 Hz）,而H4层埋深较大（3 300~3 400 m）,储层低孔低渗,常规地震反演预测砂体厚度吻合度较低。针对X气田三维地震资料全覆盖及钻井较少的特点,通过地质模式指导下的正反演结合设置虚拟井来弥补SVR（Support Vector Regression）算法中样本点的不足,通过提取地震属性并优选表征砂体厚度的敏感属性,利用SVR算法进行多属性融合,完成了H4层砂体的定量预测。基于储层预测成果,提出H4层为浅水三角洲曲流型分流河道沉积,并进一步完成了砂体沉积模式解剖,成功指导了开发调整井部署,实钻砂体厚度与预测砂体厚度吻合度高达84%以上。探索得到了海上少井条件下地质模式约束的SVR算法储层定量预测方案,对X气田中深层分流河道储层完成了精准预测,亦对同类型油气田的储层描述具有一定指导意义。      

孤东油田七区西Ng5~(2+3)层曲流河储层构型表征

为查明油田开发中后期储层构型对剩余油分布的影响,以孤东油田七区西Ng52+3层曲流河储层为对象,在沉积微相研究基础上,采用岩心观察、测井曲线识别和动态资料分析等方法,刻画微相内部的储层建筑结构。在储层中划分不同级次构型界面,识别构型单元类型,并结合露头和现代沉积成果、经验公式、对子井资料分析,研究不同级次构型单元的发育规模。利用测井及生产动态资料,分析以侧积层为代表的构型界面对剩余油分布的控制作用。结果表明:研究区Ng52+3层发育点坝、废弃河道、泛滥平原3种微相类型,沉积单元内部划分出1~5级构型界面;识别出单一曲流带、点坝砂体、单一侧积体等不同级次构型单元,并确定单一曲流带宽度、点坝长度和厚度、单一侧积体厚度和水平宽度,以及侧积层平面间距和倾角等参数的取值范围。该研究为孤东油田储层精细表征及剩余油预测与开发提供指导。     

Impacts of future climate change (2030-2059) on debris flow hazard: A case study in the Upper Minjiang River basin,China

An increase in extreme precipitation events due to future climate change will have a decisive influence on the formation of debris flows in earthquake-stricken areas. This paper aimed to describe the possible impacts of future climate change on debris flow hazards in the Upper Minjiang River basin in Northwest Sichuan of China, which was severely affected by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The study area was divided into 1285 catchments, which were used as the basic assessment units for debris flow hazards. Based on the current understanding of the causes of debris flows, a binary logistic regression model was used to screen key factors based on local geologic, geomorphologic, soil, vegetation, and meteorological and climatic conditions. We used the weighted summation method to obtain a composite index for debris flow hazards, based on two weight allocation methods: Relative Degree Analysis and rough set theory. Our results showed that the assessment model using the rough set theory resulted in better accuracy. According to the bias corrected and downscaled daily climate model data, future annual precipitation (2030-2059) in the study area are expected to decrease, with an increasing number of heavy rainfall events. Under future climate change, areas with a high-level of debris flow hazard will be even more dangerous, and 5.9% more of the study area was categorized as having a high-level hazard. Future climate change will cause an increase in debris flow hazard levels for 128 catchments, accounting for 10.5% of the total area. In the coming few decades, attention should be paid not only to traditional areas with high-level of debris flow hazards, but also to those areas with an increased hazard level to improve their resilience to debris flow disasters.     

The Relationship between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） and Climate Factors in the Semiarid Region： A Case Study in Yalu Tsangpo River Basin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Yalu Tsangpo River basin is a typical semi-arid and cold region in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where significant climate change has been detected in the past decades. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how the regional vegetation, especially the typical plant types, responds to the climate changes. In this study, the model of gravity center has been firstly introduced to analyze the spatial-temporal relationship between NDVI and climate factors considering the time-lag effect. The results show that the vegetation grown has been positively influenced by the rainfall and precipitation both in moving tracks of gravity center and time-lag effect especially for the growing season during the past thirteen years. The herbs and shrubs are inclined to be influenced by the change of rainfall and temperature, which is indicated by larger positive correlation coefficients at the 0.05 confidence level and shorter lagging time. For the soil moisture, the significantly negative relationship of NDV-PDI indicates that the growth and productivity of the vegetation are closely related to the short-term soil water, with the correlation coefficients reaching the maximum value of o.81 at Lag 0-1. Among the typicalvegetation types of plateau, the shrubs of low mountain, steppe and meadow are more sensitive to the change of soil moisture with coefficients of -0.95, -0.93, -0.92, respectively. These findings reveal that the spatial and temporal heterogeneity between NDVI and climatic factors are of great ecological significance and practical value for the protection of eco-environment in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.