A novel hydrolytic product from flesh of Mactra veneriformis and its bioactivities in calcium supplement

To prepare calcium-binding peptides, the flesh residue of Mactra Veneriformis was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. By comparing the capability of combining calcium of the hydrolyzates, pepsin was confirmed to be the most suitable enzyme for hydrolyzing the flesh residue to release calcium-binding peptides among the seven tested proteases. The pepsin hydrolyzate (PHM) was divided into three fractions according to the molecule weight of its composition, which ranged from 0.5 to 15 kDa. The low-molecule-weight fraction named PHM-3 had the highest capability in combining calcium. The peptides existing in the PHM-3 fraction consisted of higher contents of Glu, Ala and Leu, and could produce one type of calcium-peptide complex by powerfully chelating calcium ions. PHM-3 products could effectively increase calcium absorption and retention while they decreased the calcium excretion in animal tests. Additionally, symptoms caused by low calcium bioavailability in ovariectomized rats, such as bone mineral density reduction and mechanical strength loss could be significantly ameliorated by the hydrolytic products addition in diet.     

Isolation and identification of bacteria associated with the surfaces of several algal species

We conducted this study to assess the diversity of bacteria associated with the surfaces of algae based on 16S rDNA sequence analyses.Twelve strains of bacteria were obtained from the surfaces of the following four species of algae:Gracilaria textorii,Ulva pertusa,Laminaria japonica,and Polysiphonia urceolata.The isolated strains of bacteria can be divided into two groups:Halomonas and Vibrio,in physiology,biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analyses.The phylogenetic tree constructed based on ...     

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Quorum-sensing of bacteria and its application

Quorum sensing, or auto induction, as a cell density dependent signaling mechanism in many microorganisms, is triggered via auto inducers which passively diffuse across the bacterial envelope and therefore intracellulaly accumulate only at higher bacterial densities to regulate specialized processes such as genetic competence, bioluminescence, virulence and sporulation. N-acyl homoserine lactones are the most common type of signal molecules. Aquaculture is one of the fastest-growing food-producing industries, but disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria are a significant constraint on the development of the sector worldwide. Many of these pathogens have been found to be controlled by their quorum sensing systems. As there is relevance between the pathogenic bacteria’s virulence factor expression and their auto inducers, quorum quenching is a new effective anti-infective strategy to control infections caused by bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. The techniques used to do this mainly include the following: (1) the inhibition of signal molecule biosynthesis, (2) blocking signal transduction, and (3) chemical inactivation and biodegradation of signal molecules. To provide a basis for finding alternative means of controlling aquatic diseases by quorum quenching instead of treatment by antibiotics and disinfectants, we will discuss the examination, purification and identification of auto inducers in this paper.     

N-策略精益生产排队模型分析与设计

研究了精益生产环境下，生产线可能发生故障的单服务台N-策略M／M／I随机服务服务系统，利用概率母函数给出了模型的各项稳态指标；设计了预期费用函数，利用函数求解出当预期费用最少时的最优N-策略；并对模型进行了数值模拟。     

Responses of phytoplankton and its satellite bacteria to exogenous ethanol

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The response of phytoplankton and its satellite bacteria to various concentrations (0.01%–10% v/v) of ethanol is studied. To elucidate the effect of...     

致密砂岩储层“甜点”识别及评价方法

四川盆地北部须家河组须四段为辫状河三角洲前缘沉积,砂体极其发育,而因须四段整体埋深大、储层非均质性强、孔隙结构复杂,储层"甜点"识别和综合评价成为制约该区低渗透致密砂岩储层勘探开发的关键。基于大量薄片观察鉴定,结合测井、录井资料,分析了控制特低渗透致密砂岩储层的关键地质因素,提出因子分析法定性识别致密砂岩储层"甜点"模型和定量评价标准,并对四川盆地北部目标区块须四段储层进行综合评价。结果证实:①致密砂岩储层局部存在物性较好的"甜点"区;②因子分析法提取的3个参数因子能定性解释致密砂岩储层特征,准确识别"甜点"段;③因子分析法定量评价结果与四川盆地北部须四段实际勘探开发效果吻合,相对于常规评价方法准确率大幅提高;④川北地区须四段储层可划分为三类,目标区块主要发育Ⅱ类储层,该区块东南部北东向为天然气富集区,是气藏开发的重点区域。      

辽河油田油泥微生物多样性分析及功能菌种筛选评价

分析辽河油田某区块不同来源油泥中微生物种类多样性、优势菌群和分布特征,探讨功能微生物在含油污染物的生物修复及提高原油采收率的应用可行性。采集辽河油田某区块3个油泥样品,利用第二代高通量测序技术测定油泥样品内微生物的16SrDNA V3-V4可变区序列,整理和统计各分类水平的微生物类群数,分析微生物的丰度、分布和多样性,以及不同位置油泥微生物多样性丰度的差异。结果表明:辽河油田某区块油泥中3组样品属水平的微生物类群数分别为51、135和213,不同来源样品中微生物种类及所占比例差异显著;优势菌群中含有多种已报道可作用原油的功能微生物,如芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和诺卡氏土壤菌属(Nocardiopsis)等;从油泥中筛选的菌株LH-03发酵液表面张力为29.3mN/m,对煤油和液体石蜡乳化层高度分别为6.1和5.7cm,经鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),与Pseudomonas aeruginosa CB-01复配使用,油泥降解实验除油率达到51.9%,石蜡降解率达到38.9%,填砂管驱油实验可在水驱基础上提高采收率12.7%。辽河油田油泥含有较丰富的微生物修复物质基础,具备通过生物刺激和强化技术实现原位生物修复的可行性。     

Screening on DHA-producing Antarctic bacteria N- 6 and its cultural conditions

1 IntroductionPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have remained as a natural product due to thesynthetic difficulty of reproducing the methylene interrupted double bond sequence by in-dustrial chemistry. Their significance to animals and humans lies in th…     

飞机积冰防御系统及其模糊综合评判

基于系统安全分层次模型(Reason模型),设计出减少积冰对飞行安全影响的积冰防御分层次系统,利用层次分析法(AHP法)确定测评指标权重集,并采用模糊综合评判法建立了积冰防御系统综合评估模型,旨在避免人为因素的主观片面性.计算结果表明,系统综合评判等级为较好.     

Variation of bacteria biomass and its possible controlling factors in the East China Sea

Two surveys were performed for determining bacteria biomass (BB), temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a (chl-a) and nutrient concentrations at 11 stations with three sampling depths in the high-incidence regions of red tide in the East China Sea (ECS) in the spring of 2006. Temperature and salinity increased from nearshore to offshore region and from high latitude to low latitude in the two cruises of 2006. BB were between 0.3–5.2 mgC m⁻³ (about 2.1 mgC m⁻³ on average) and 0.2–6.0 mgC m⁻³ (about 2.7 mgC m⁻³ on average) respectively in the two cruises. BB in the surface layer decreased from the Changjiang River estuary to high sea and from low latitude to high latitude. The results showed that bacterial growth was regulated by temperature, primary production and inorganic nutrient concentrations depending on different hydrographic conditions. In the surface and middle layers where the primary production can supply enough organic substrate, temperature was the main factor to control bacteria biomass. BB showed a good correlation between the surface and middle layers in both cruises. The distribution of nutrients during both cruises showed a similar decreasing trend from nearshore region and high latitude to offshore region and low latitude. High BB values were mainly recorded from samples in the middle layer where chl-a concentrations were also high, indicating primary production being strongly correlated with temperature over the ECS shelf. In the offshore area, phosphate and silicate became limiting factors for phytoplankton growth with indirect influence on BB. Bacteria played an important role in nitrogen regeneration process turning organic nitrogen to inorganic forms such as NH₄ ⁺. The increasing ratio of NH₄ ⁺/DIN could be a proof of that.