裂变径迹定年法Zeta常数的测定

用第６届国际裂变径迹测定地质年代学术讨论会推荐的三种锆石、两种磷灰石和一种榍石国际年龄标样对Ｚｅｔａ值进行了系统刻度，对ＮＢＳ－ＳＲＭ６１２铀标准玻璃测定的锆石Ｚｅｔａ值为（３３５．６±８．２）ａｃｍ￣２，磷灰石（３４３．３±１４．６）ａｃｍ￣２，榍石为（３４７．７±１５．８）ａｃｍ￣２，三种矿物之间的Ｚｅｔａ值无很大差异，统一的加权平均Ｚｅｔａ值为（３３９．２±６．６）ａｃｍ￣２。     

龙门山冲断带的隆升和川西前陆盆地的沉降

通过龙门山区和川西前陆盆地岩石样品的裂变径迹和镜质体反射率的测定和计算机模拟得出：１）松潘－甘孜褶皱带１０Ｍａ以来至少隆升了３－４ｋｍ，隆升速率最低为０．３－０．４ｍｍ／ａ；（２）龙门山逆冲推覆构造带１０Ｍａ以来至少隆升了５－６ｋｍ，隆升速率最低为０．０１６－０．０３２ｍｍ／ａ；（４）川西前陆盆地６０Ｍａ以来降升１－２ｋｍ，降升速率为０．０２８－０．０５ｍｍ／ａ；（５）１０Ｍａ以来北川－映秀－小关     

赤城伙房村和崇礼上新营变质岩的地球化学特征、年龄及其区域地壳形成时间

冀西北麻粒岩是我国北方麻粒岩带的重要组成部分，其年龄对探讨我国地壳早期演化历史具有重要价值。本文报道了采自赤城伙房村和崇礼上新营变质岩样品的地球化学特征和Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素年龄。赤城伙房村变质岩年龄为２５１３±５５（２σ）Ｍａ，ＩＮｄ＝０．５０９４４±５（２σ），εＮｄ（ｔ）＝＋１．２±０．５；崇礼上新营变质岩年龄为２６６７±９０（２σ）Ｍａ，ＩＮｄ＝０．５０９３０±８（２σ），εＮｄ（ｔ）＝＋２．４±０．７。冀西北变质岩可能存在两个系列，其原岩分别形成于２９００～２８００Ｍａ和２７００～２６００Ｍａ。该区最早地壳可能形成于２９３２±８４（σ）Ｍａ     

河北张－宣金矿区含金石英脉~（40）Ar／~（39）Ar年龄

为解决张－宣地区含金石英脉形成的时代，对区内５个典型金矿脉测定了４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ年龄，分别为：１３６２．０±２４．８Ｍａ，９６３．７±２２．３Ｍａ，５７９．６±８．５Ｍａ，５７０．８±２４．２Ｍａ，１６７．９±１．２Ｍａ。谱线特征均为马鞍形，最低视年龄为石英的结晶年龄。依次相当于晋宁运动中期，晋宁运动晚期，蓟县运动晚期和燕山运动中期。     

扬子南缘沉积岩的Nd同位素演化及其大地构造意义

本文系统分析了扬子块体南缘中元古代到二叠纪各个时代地层中泥质沉积岩的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素组成。中元古代（１．６～１．ＯＧａ）沉积岩具有一致的Ｎｄ模式年龄（ｔＤＭ）（≈１．８Ｇａ）；晚元古代早期（０．９～０．７７Ｇａ）沉积岩的ｔＤＭ年龄从≈１．８Ｇａ急剧降低至。１．３Ｇａ；震旦纪晚期到二叠纪（０．６６～０．２７Ｇａ）沉积岩的ｔＤＭ年龄又恢复到大约１．８Ｇａ。晚元古代早期沉积岩ｔＤＭ年龄的显著降低，表明这个时期扬子南缘的沉积物源区加入了大量新的幔源物质。沉积岩的Ｎｄ同位素结果对中国东南部的大地构造演化提供了新的制约。地质、地球化学和年代学资料均表明扬子南缘的板溪群是一正常的元古代地层单位。华南一扬子晚元古代（晋宁期）碰撞造山运动导致了上述沉积岩的“Ｎｄ同位素漂移”。     

沧参1井热历史及成油气环境研究

本文通过Ｕ－Ｐｂ同位素地质年代学研究，指出沧参１井沉积地层中的物质来源是华北古陆；隐伏花岗岩侵位年龄为９９Ｍａ，来源于具下地壳特征的太古宙岩石的重熔。对奥陶系碳酸岩流体包裹体特征研究指出沧参１井流体包体类型可分为３大类、８个亚类，本区碳酸盐类岩石有机质丰富，应为一套生油储油较好的岩系。特别是通过不同深度１０个磷灰石样品裂变径迹表观年龄和径迹长度特征的研究，论述了本区古地温的变化，约在１４３Ｍａ前石炭二送纪地层中的磷灰石经历过完全的退火，这是二迭纪以下地层的第１次生油作用；９９Ｍａ花岗岩侵位，岩浆热对围岩中有机质的转化和油气的形成起了促进作用，这可作为第２次生油期；第三纪时因地壳下降，沉积了巨厚的第三系地层，这时磷灰石退火带范围（大致相当于生油带）约为１７００—３９００ｍ，古地温梯度为３．１℃／１００ｍ，这是本区第３次生油阶段。     

裂变径迹研究三峡九湾溪断裂带断裂时期

九湾溪断裂带位于三峡工程大坝西南 １８ ｋｍ处。利用从断裂带中的断层泥、断裂壁岩和断裂围岩内选出的 磷灰石,进行裂变径迹断代学研究,并对径迹长度的频率分布进行统计测量。研究证实：九湾溪断裂带发生断裂时期 为距今（０． ３３ ± ０． ０４） Ｍａ,与它周边围岩形成时代（２５． ７４±１． ９） Ｍａ截然不同。通过各种绝对年龄结果的对比分析, 均未见到全新世以来有明显的活动迹象,由此确认九湾溪断裂活动性对三峡枢纽工程并不构成威胁。     

塔里木盆地瓦基里塔格辉长岩^40Ar—^39Ar年龄及其意义

瓦基里塔格位于新疆塔里木盆地塔中构造带 （即中央隆起） 的西部, 巴楚县城南东约４０ｋｍ 。这里发育一套轻微变质的碎屑岩哑地层, 其中有基性－超基性岩体侵入。对在此采集的２ 块辉长岩样品进行Ａｒ－Ａｒ定年, 获得的坪年龄分别为８２５．０±２．０Ｍａ 和８３７．３±２．０Ｍａ, 相应的等时年龄为８２１．４±８．０Ｍａ和８３３．３±１５．３Ｍａ。这是首次获得的塔里木盆地腹地较可靠的前寒武纪同位素年龄数据, 为塔里木盆地的构造类型、基底性质、组成和时代等地质问题的正确认识, 提供了一份重要的基础资料, 对于该地区的油气勘探部署也有十分重要的意义。     

应用古地磁研究云南古猿的生存年代

应用古地磁研究方法，对我省出土古猿化石的开远小龙潭煤系，禄丰石灰坝的砂、砾石、褐煤层及元谋竹棚、小河一带的砂、泥质层作了系统的古地磁采样测试得出：（１）开远小龙潭煤系及动物群化石的时代为５．１０－１０．００Ｍａ，其中，开远古猿产出层位的年代为８．３０±０．１０Ｍａ。（２）禄丰石灰坝含古猿及哺乳动物化石的一套砂、砾石、褐煤的时代为３．８９－４．５９Ｍａ，禄丰古猿化石产出层位的年代为４．００±０．１０Ｍａ。（３）元谋竹棚、小河一带古猿化石及动物群的地层时代为２．１２－３．４０Ｍａ，其中元谋蝴蝶古猿的时代为２．７６±０．１０Ｍａ，竹棚猿人的年代为２．１３±０．１０Ｍａ。上述古猿的地质年代为晚中新世一早更新世。云南古猿的演化，从开远小龙潭到禄丰石灰坝直至元谋竹棚、小河一带，在时间和地点上构成了一连续的演化序列。云南古猿生存年代的进一步确定，对研究人类的起源、演化及寻找人类的祖先有着重要的科学意义。     

裂变径迹定年方法的进展及应用

裂变径迹分析方法利用裂变径迹年龄及裂变径迹长度分布形态来反映随时间产生的裂变径迹积累及由温度控制的退火(裂变径迹缩短或消失)两种因素综合作用的结果。近几年来，有关磷灰石的退火特征进行了大量实验和野外研究，取得了较大进展。本文通过对80年代以来国内外裂变径迹研究状况的追踪调研结果，简要介绍裂变径迹定年方法的主要进展及应用情况。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861