ARX结构模态参数识别方法对比(I)——基于理论地震反应时程的对比

结构参数识别是结构抗震安全性能鉴定和健康诊断的基础。利用地震观测记录来识别结构模态参数,是地震工程领域备受关注的研究课题之一。本文利用三层平面框架结构的理论地震反应时程,对一维、多维和整体ARX模型三种模态参数识别方法进行了对比分析。结果表明：整体ARX模型的识别结果较为稳定且精度较高,更适合于进行多自由度结构参数识别。     

基于有限测点模态信息的结构物理参数识别

研究了测试信息不完备情况下的结构参数识别问题,针对稀疏模态的结构系统,提出了基于有限测点模态信息的优化识别算法。该算法通过有限测点上的模态参数构造关于结构物理参数的目标函数,然后采用遗传算法进行参数识别。最后一数值算例说明了该算法的可行性。     

建筑物模态参数时变特性基于强震记录的识别

本文提出一种封闭循环滤波方法,根据等效线性化原理,利用新北京饭店在唐山地震中的强震观测记录,识别建筑物模态参数的时变特性。     

基于经验遗传-单纯形算法和结构模态参数识别结构物理参数的方法

对于复杂的大自由度系统的反演分析,遗传算法每步计算中包含大量的正演分析,成为限制遗传算法应用的运行速度的瓶颈。减少反演分析中的正演计算次数,是扩大遗传算法适用范围的有效途径。经验遗传-单纯形算法正是解决这一问题的一种有效方法。本文将这一方法应用于不完全模态参数已知条件下的结构物理参数识别研究。结果表明:本文建议的方法有精度和搜索效率高、对初值选取依赖性不强、可以反映"残缺"的高阶模态信息等优点。     

基于连续小波变换的时变结构瞬时模态参数识别

为体现时变结构动力特性,定义随机冲击荷载作为时变结构输入激励,提出了基于连续小波变换的时变结构瞬时模态参数识别方法。在短时时变假定条件下,建立基于模局部极大值的连续小波变换时变参数识别原理,利用结构的输出响应进行瞬时模态参数识别,采用三自由度的时变结构体系进行数值模拟,该方法能够准确识别时变结构的瞬时模态参数值。通过设计具有质量参数可变的两层钢框架模型进行测试,验证了方法的有效性与可行性。     

基于地震观测数据的结构损伤水平表征参数研究

为了能在震后更好地利用测得的结构动力响应参数快速对结构损伤程度进行评估,文中挑选了最大层间位移角、自振频率相对改变量和顶层加速度放大系数3个参数,分析结构损伤指数与3个参数之间的相关性,并且提出了一种组合结构体系参数.结果表明,结构损伤指数与最大层间位移角的相关性为高度相关,与自振频率相对改变量和顶层加速度放大系数的相...     

周期激励下基于延迟传递率函数的结构模态识别方法

针对传递率函数运行模态分析方法易受环境激励中周期性分量影响,难以准确辨识结构真实模态参数的问题,推导了周期性激励对传递率函数模态参数识别的影响。在此基础上,提出了一种延迟传递率函数的构造方法,运用延迟传递率函数对周期性虚假极点进行辨识,并结合常规传递率函数识别的系统极点,实现了结构真实模态参数的有效识别。借助四自由度系统和某泵站厂房结构算例对所提出的方法进行了验证,结果表明,该方法在激励中包含周期性成分的情况下,能够准确地辨识结构模态参数,具有较为广阔的工程应用前景。     

多种表征强震动记录特性的参数对比分析

为研究强震动记录的破坏特性,对多条国内外常用的强震动记录的特性参数进行了对比分析.结果表明,强震动记录特性参数之间的相关件很小;PGA(PGV)和EPA(EPV)大小关系受震级和震中距影响较大;VSI较ASI能够更准确的评价强震动记录的破坏特性;与其它参数相比,强震动记录破坏强度参数(PD)同时考虑了地震加速度、时间和...     

Stiffness‐damping simultaneous identification using limited earthquake records

A new method of stiffness‐damping simultaneous identification of building structures is proposed using limited earthquake records. It is shown that when horizontal accelerations are recorded at the floors just above and below a specific storey in a shear building model, the storey stiffness and the damping ratio can be identified uniquely. The viscous damping coefficient and the linear hysteretic damping ratio can also be identified simultaneously in a numerical model structure. The accuracy of the present identification method is investigated through the actual limited earthquake records in a base‐isolated building. It is further shown that an advanced identification technique for mechanical properties of a Maxwell‐type model can be developed by combining the present method with a perturbation technique. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tracking modal parameters from building seismic response data using recursive subspace identification algorithm

Tracking modal parameters and estimating the current structural state of a building from seismic response measurements, particularly during strong earthquake excitations, can provide useful information for building safety assessment and the adaptive control of a structure. Therefore, online or recursive identification techniques need to be developed and implemented for building seismic response monitoring. This paper develops and examines different methods to track modal parameters from building seismic response data. The methods include recursive data‐driven subspace identification (RSI‐DATA) using Givens rotation algorithm, and RSI‐DATA using Bona fide algorithm. The question on how well the results of RSI‐DATA reflect the real condition is investigated and verified with a bilinear SDOF simulation study. Time‐varying modal parameters of a four‐story reinforced concrete school building are identified based on a series of earthquake excitations, including several seismic events, large and small. Discussions on the different methods' ability to track the time‐varying modal parameters are presented. The variation of the identified building modal frequencies and damping ratios from a series of event‐by‐event seismic responses, particularly before and after retrofitting of the building is also discussed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于地震记录的混凝土拱坝模态识别结果评价研究

利用混凝土拱坝地震记录识别的模态参数，可以揭示结构在地震过程中实际动力特性的变化情况，为结构地震反应分析和震后损伤评估提供重要信息。首先对模态识别常用方法的基本原理进行介绍；然后利用龙羊峡拱坝两次地震观测数据，采用"输入—输出"型和"仅考虑输出"型两类方法对大坝模态参数进行识别；最后将获得的模态识别结果与工程经验值和其他学者的研究成果进行对比，以分析评价识别结果的合理性。相关研究成果可为基于地震记录的混凝土拱坝模态参数识别的工程应用提供经验借鉴。     

MEMS地震烈度仪在结构地震反应观测中的应用

工程结构地震反应观测台阵获取常时和震时结构反应记录,是工程结构健康诊断和震害评估的重要技术手段之一。2019年,云南大理建设了一个由8个地震烈度仪测点组成的结构地震反应观测台阵,每台烈度仪内置一个3分向微电子机械系统(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System, MEMS)加速度计。通过标准振动台检测,确定台阵配备的烈度仪的幅频响应特性曲线和线性度误差符合相关行业标准的要求。该台阵于2021年5月获得了大理漾濞地震序列的多次结构地震反应记录,本文选取其中3次M_S3.0～M_S3.2级地震,分析了观测记录的加速度时程、傅里叶幅值谱和信噪比等数据,由结果可知：该台阵可较好地记录幅值≥0.5 cm/s²、频带1.0～39.0Hz的振动信号,对于近场小震具有一定的监测能力。     

不同方法所求结构水平地震作用的比较

通过理论推导，分别给出了直接基于位移和直接基于位移可靠度两种抗震设计方法所求结构基底剪力与现行抗震规范所求结构基底剪力之比的数学表达式，分析了影响上述比值的主要因素及影响规律。     

Bayesian model selection for ARX models and its application to structural health monitoring

A Bayesian framework for model order selection of auto‐regressive exogenous (ARX) models is developed and applied to actual earthquake response data obtained by the structural health monitoring system of a high‐rise building. The model orders of ARX models are selected appropriately by the Bayesian framework, and differ significantly from the optimal order estimated by AIC; in fact, in many cases AIC does not even give an optimal order. A method is also proposed for consistently selecting the same ‘genuine’ modes of interest from the whole set of modes corresponding to each of the identified models from a sequence of earthquake records. In the identification analysis based on building response records from 43 earthquakes over 9 years, the modal parameters of the first four modes in each horizontal direction are estimated appropriately in all cases, showing that the developed methods are effective and robust. As the estimates of natural frequency depend significantly on the response amplitude, they are compensated by an empirical correction so that the influence of the response amplitude is removed. The compensated natural frequencies are much more stable over the nine‐year period studied, indicating that the building had no significant change in its global dynamic characteristics during this period. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An active mass damper designed using ARX models of a building structure

This study proposes a new design method for an active mass damper (AMD) that is based on auto‐regressive exogenous models of a building structure. The proposed method uses the results of system identification in the field of active structural control. The uncontrolled structure is identified as auto‐regressive exogenous models via measurements under earthquake excitation and forced vibration. These models are linked with an equation of motion for the AMD to introduce a state equation and output equation for the AMD–structure interaction system in the discrete‐time space; the equations apply modern control theories to the AMD design. In the numerical applications of a 10‐degree‐of‐freedom building structure, linear quadratic regulator control is used to understand the fundamental characteristics of the proposed design procedure. The feedback control law requires the AMD's acceleration, velocity and stroke; the structure's acceleration; and the ground acceleration as vibration measurements. The numerical examples confirm the high applicability and control effectiveness of the proposed method. One remarkable advantage of the proposed method is that an equation of motion for the structure becomes unnecessary for designing controllers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地震观测系统传递函数的辨识方法研究及应用

几种经典系统辨识方法在地震观测系统传递函数的辨识中均有使用，这篇文章分析了这些方法的原理，给出了这些方法在Adapt系统中实现的例子，并且对各种方法进行了比较。