REE geochemistry and isotopic data of Archean silicic volcanics and granitoids from the Pilbara Block,Western Australia: implications for the early crustal evolution

Eighteen silicic volcanic rocks of the Warrawoona Group and ten associated plutonic rocks from the Pilbara Block, Western Australia, have been chosen for geochemical and isotopic studies. Silicic volcanics of the UNSB (Upper member of North Star Basalt) are dated at 3.56—3.57

, by both the Rb-Sr and the Sm-Nd methods. The respective 1 (initial isotopic composition) values are 0.7005 ± 5 (Sr) and 0.50810 ± 39 (Nd). This age is consistent with the stratigraphic interpretation that the TalgaTalga Subgroup, in which the North Star Basalt occupies the lowermost position, is overlain by the Duffer Formation, whose age was earlier established at 3.45

by the zircon U-Pb method. The new Rb-Sr data on six silicic lava samples from the Duffer Formation yield an isochron of 3.23 ± 0.28 (2v). Though imprecise, this age agrees with the zircon age within error limits. Rb-Sr ages of 2.3–2.4.

obtained for the ‘Panorama’ rocks and the Wyman Formation do not correspond to their initial eruption ages. Chemical arguments suggest that these ages represent the time of metasomatism associated with the widespread thermal event in this region about 2.3–2.4

ago.Geochemically, most of these analyzed rocks (volcanic and plutonic) are of tonalite-trondhjemitegranodiorite (TTG) composition, a typical feature found in many other Archean terrains. They generally show fractionated REE patterns, except the Panorama Formation rocks. Furthermore, the Wyman Formation rhyolites and the post-tectonic adamellites show significant negative Eu anomalies, suggesting a similar mode of magma generation and a probable genetic link. Theoretical considerations suggest that most of these TTG rocks could have been generated by partial melting of amphibolitic or basaltic sources, followed by fractional crystallization.Although the Archean granitic gneisses often possess mantle-like I_sr values, the trace element data indicate that they could not have been derived by direct melting of upper mantle materials. The immediate tectonic implication is that in any Archean terrain, the formation of Na-rich continental crust of TTG suite must be preceded by the presence of basaltic crust. The occurrence of this basaltic crust is a matter of controversy. Such crust might have been totally destroyed by repeated melting processes, or its remnants are now represented by some of the mafic-ultramafic enclaves within the tonalite-trondhjemite batholiths.     

Lead isotopes and ages of Galenas from the Pilbara region,Western Australia

One of six galena samples from the Pilbara of Western Australia, located in a ‘greenstone’ sequence, appears from its lead‐isotope ratios to be of great age. ‘Linear Model III’ ages of Cumming & Richards (1975) agree with available geological evidence for this, and for one other younger sample located in the Shaw Batholith. Two of the other samples, also from Archaean granitic host rock, appear to be significantly younger than the host; the other two, from within the Lower Proterozoic Fortescue Group, suggest that its age is not yet well known. Previously‐published age information has been adapted to the newly‐accepted values for the decay constants throughout this discussion.     

Isotopic ages and geochemistry of Archaean acid igneous rocks from the Pilbara,Western Australia

Lead isotopic ages were determined for seven localities of gneissic granite and granodiorite from the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. For four of the localities Rb-Sr ages were also measured. In the lead isotopic system all localities showed some evidence of post-emplacement disturbance; lead redistribution varied from very slight effects to complete equilibration of K-feldspars during metamorphism. In one case, lead and Rb-Sr ages agreed within experimental error; in two cases, Rb-Sr mineral ages were younger than Pb-Pb ages, and in one case, the Rb-Sr age was intermediate between the primary and metamorphic ages recorded by the Pb isotopic system.Four localities show evidence of metamorphism at 2950 my. It is suggested that this represents the time of formation of the granite dome structures in the southeastern Pilbara. At least two of these localities were also affected by post-tectonic metamorphism (2600–2770 my). The other three localities show a more extended history of events starting at about 2900 my and ending between 2000 and 2250 my. The younger metamorphic ages are interpreted to record a thermal event at the time of outpouring of the Proterozoic Fortescue Group which formerly overlay the Archaean rocks.     

Late Mesozoic magmatism of the Jiurui mineralization district in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt, Eastern China: Precise U–Pb ages and geodynamic implications

The Middle–Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt (MLYRMB), extending from Daye in Hubei Province in the west to Zhenjiang in Jiangsu Province in the east, hosts a number of large polymetallic (Cu–Au–Mo, Fe, Zn, Pb, and Ag) deposits and constitutes one of the most important metallogenic belts in China. The Cu–Au–Mo deposits in the Jiurui district are an important component of the MLYRMB. In this study we carried out precise and detailed zircon U–Pb dating for all types of magmatic rocks from the Wushan ore deposit in the Jiurui district. Three samples of Cu–Au–Mo-related porphyries from different ore belts at Wushan were analyzed and yielded zircon U–Pb ages of 148.0 ± 1.0 Ma, 145.4 ± 0.9 Ma and 147.3 ± 0.9 Ma, respectively. A series of dykes were emplaced immediately following the Cu–Au–Mo-related porphyries at Wushan. A dark-colored basic dyke which intruded into the granodiorite porphyry at Wujia gold deposit near Wushan was dated at 144.5 ± 1.2 Ma. Two lamprophyre dykes taken from the north ore belt at Wushan underground mining stops were dated at 143.6 ± 0.9 Ma and 144.3 ± 0.9 Ma, respectively. A late-stage dyke which was also taken from the Wushan north ore belt yielded an age of 142.6 ± 1.0 Ma and might represent the end of magmatism in the Wushan ore deposit. These new geochronological data demonstrate that the time range of magmatism in the Wushan ore deposit is approximately between 148 Ma and 143 Ma, showing that the magmatic activity at Wushan was rapid and intensive. The ages of Cu–Au–Mo-related porphyries from other areas in the Jiurui district, such as the Dongleiwan, Yangjishan and Chengmenba ore deposits, were also measured and yielded zircon U–Pb ages of 141.5 ± 1.7 Ma, 143.4 ± 1.4 Ma and 146.6 ± 1.0 Ma, respectively. Combined with those previously reported zircon U–Pb age results from the Jiurui district, the present age data set demonstrates that extensive magmatism in the Jiurui district was coeval and intensive, marked by a magmatic activity in the age range of 148 to 138 Ma and peaked between 148 Ma and 142 Ma. According to the statistics of all those precise zircon U–Pb ages, the Cu–Au–Mo-related porphyries in the Edong and Tongling districts in the MLYRMB show similar ages, and they have a slightly younger peak age and a longer duration than that of the Jiurui district. The geographic shape of the MLYRMB in the Cretaceous shows an arcuate structure, the Jiurui district is located at the transitional point of the arcuate structure and the Edong and Tongling districts are situated on both sides of the arcuate structure. Considering that the Jiurui district has a slightly older peak age and a shorter duration of magmatic activity than that in the Edong and Tongling districts, it seems that the arcuate structure of the MLYRMB played an important role in the formation of these Cu–Au–Mo-related porphyries. Consequently, we suggest that the genesis of the Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks along the MLYRMB may have been due to a tectonic activity developed from southeast to northwest, which probably has a close relationship with the subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate in Mesozoic times.     

Origin of the 3500-3300 Ma calc-alkaline rocks in the Pilbara Archaean: isotopic and geochemical constraints from the Shaw Batholith

Calc-alkaline plutonic rocks, intruded at 3450Ma, comprise a major component of the Shaw Batholith in the Archaean east Pilbara Block, Western Australia. New whole-rock Pb isotopic geochronology confirms the extent of these rocks, but a minor plutonic phase is dated at 3338±52 Ma and represents a second plutonic event of the same age as much of the nearby Mt Edgar Batholith. The Sm----Nd isotopic systematics of the 3450Ma rocks imply their derivation from a heterogeneous source, which probably included a slightly older crustal component as well as a depleted mantle component. The 3338±52 Ma pluton includes components derived from crustal sources older than 3600 Ma. The geochemistry and Sm---Nd isotopic systematics of these rocks are consistent with crustal growth in the early Archaean from upper mantle sources as depleted as the modern upper mantle. The Shaw Batholith calc-alkaline suites exhibit very similar chemical trends on variation diagrams to modern calc-alkaline plutonic rocks which can be modelled by a combination of mixing and fractionation. A suite collected from outcrops displaying prominent igneous layering shows distinct geochemical trends which can be modelled by differentiation into a component enriched in ferromagnesian minerals, principally hornblende, and possibly sphene, magnetite and epidote, and into a leucocratic component containing quartz, plagioclase and K-feld-par. These Archaean calc-alkaline plutonic rocks, in common with rocks from many other Archaean calc-alkaline provinces, exhibit very fractionated REE patterns with depleted HREE contents, a feature considered to result from equilibrium with garnet at depth in lower crustal regions. The geochemistry of the Pilbara Archaean calc-alkaline rocks is identical to the subset of modern continental-margin calc-alkaline plutonic rocks with fractionated REE patterns, such as those from the central and eastern Peninsular Ranges Batholith, western USA. The tectonic setting in which the Archaean calc-alkaline rocks formed is still not known. This reflects both uncertainty associated with the petrogenesis and environments of modern calc-alkaline rocks, as well as the limited knowledge of the precise timing and relationships of plutonic, depositional and tectonic events in the Pilbara Archaean.     

Ion microprobe baddeleyite and zircon ages for Late Archaean mafic dykes of the Pilbara Craton,Western Australia

Ion microprobe U–Th–Pb analyses of baddeleyite and zircon yield precise ages for several mafic intrusions in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia. Baddeleyite was dated from four dolerite dykes of the north‐northeast‐trending Black Range swarm intruded into granitoid‐greenstone basement in the northern part of the craton. The mean ²⁰⁷Pb*/²⁰⁶Pb* age of 2772 ± 2 Ma, interpreted as an unambiguous age of emplacement for the dykes, is within error of previous ion microprobe U–Pb zircon ages for the Mt Roe flood basalts and confirms that the dykes acted as feeders to the volcanic rocks. The Sylvania Inlier, in the southeastern Pilbara Craton, also contains north‐northeast‐trending dykes that were correlated previously with the Black Range swarm. Based on concordant and discordant zircon analyses from samples of two dykes, the best estimate of the age of the Sylvania dykes is 2747 ± 4 Ma. The Sylvania dykes thus appear to be significantly younger than, and hence unrelated to, the Black Range swarm, but may have acted as feeders to younger volcanic units in the Fortescue Group such as the Kylena Formation.     

U-Pb zircon ages and Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics of the Lesser and Great Himalayan sequences,Uttarakhand Himalaya,and their regional tectonic implications

Detrital zircons (DZ) and Nd isotopic characteristics constraint maximum depositional ages of two distinct Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic terranes across the Main Central Thrust zone (Munsiari Group) in the Himalaya. New DZ ages and Nd isotopic characters are reported from the Inner Lesser Himalaya (iLH) sedimentary belt (Berinag Group quartzite) and the Munsiari Group through the Great Himalayan Sequence (GHS–Vaikrita Group) across the MCT to the lower parts of the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS) along the Alaknanda–Dhauli Ganga valleys, Uttarakhand Himalaya. The iLH Berinag Group quartzite yielded nearly unimodal DZ U-Pb ages between 2.05 and 1.80 Ga with ε_Nd(0) values of −17 and −23, while the overthrust Munsiari Group, bounded by the Munsiari Thrust at the base and the Vaikrita Thrust (MCT) at the top, represents the Proterozoic magmatic arc with ∼1.95 and 1.89 Ga U-Pb zircon age population with an average of −25 ε_Nd(0) value; the arc developed during the Columbia Supercontinent assembly. In contrast, overthrust Great Himalayan Sequence (GHS–Vaikrita Group) above the MCT is characterized by entirely new Neoproterozoic 1.05–0.85 Ga zircon population, which appears for the first time in this sequence, and has higher ε_Nd(0) values (average −16). Tectonically overlying the GHS, the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS) has first appearance of the Early Paleozoic detrital zircons, with its ε_Nd(0) values like the GHS. Broadly, these characters persist throughout the Himalayan belt from Himachal to NE Himalaya. The iLH sediments were possibly derived from northernly ∼1.9 Ga magmatic arc, and southern the Archean–Proterozoic Aravalli–Bundelkhand nuclei of the Indian craton. Potential sources for the GHS sediments may be a northerly ‘destroyed’ Neoproterozoic magmatic arc whose remnants exists within the Himalaya as the Neoproterozoic granitoids, and possibly be the iLH sedimentary belt, an ‘In-board’ Aravalli–Delhi Fold Belt (ADFB)–Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) in the south.     

大兴安岭南段海西期花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学:岩石成因及构造意义

大兴安岭南段位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的缝合-造山带(中亚造山带)的东段,该区广泛分布有海西期花岗岩类。已有的年代学研究表明这些花岗岩类的侵位时代集中于320~240Ma,但对该区海西期花岗岩类岩石成因及成岩背景研究的一些关键问题的看法仍不一致且存在争论。本文选取大兴安岭南段拜仁达坝等10个典型地区的海西期花岗岩类为研究对象,对其进行系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素地球化学研究,以探讨岩浆作用的时间、岩石成因以及构造意义。锆石U-Pb定年表明,这些花岗岩类的侵位时间为323~240Ma。据地球化学特征,该区花岗岩类可分为两类:Ⅰ类花岗岩的SiO_262.00%,Al_2O_315.00%,MgO含量较低(均2.40%);其具有较高的Sr含量(最高达700×10~(-6))、低的Y和Yb含量(分别为≤18.1×10~(-6)和1.70×10~(-6))和较高的Sr/Y比值(均20),LREE相对HREE强烈富集,显示弱的Eu异常,与经典的埃达克岩的特征相似;Ⅱ类花岗岩的SiO_257.00%,MgO和Al2O3含量范围较大(分别为0.25%~4.12%和10.55%~16.58%),绝大多数样品显示高钾钙碱性特征,Sr含量相对较低(12.2×10~(-6)~334×10~(-6)),Y和Yb含量相对较高(分别为14.1×10~(-6)~40.1×10~(-6)和1.27×10~(-6)~4.58×10~(-6)),Eu异常明显,相对富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,可归为弧岩浆岩。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素结果表明,弧岩浆岩可能来源于交代(富集)地幔楔,而埃达克岩则来源于下地壳的熔融。综合前人研究认为,在晚泥盆世-中二叠世古亚洲洋洋内俯冲作用形成了区域上广泛发育的弧岩浆岩(弧下加厚地壳熔融形成~320Ma埃达克岩);晚二叠世-早三叠世,华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞缝合;之后至早-中三叠世,大量后碰撞花岗岩侵位,同时下地壳拆沉并熔融形成了本区250~240Ma埃达克岩。中亚造山带东段(至少大兴安岭地区)海西期造山及岩浆作用可能开始于晚泥盆世,结束于中三叠世,时间持续约140Myr,其造山作用显示独特性。     

黑龙江平顶山金矿赋矿花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

平顶山金矿床位于佳木斯地块与松嫩地块的衔接处北端,地处中亚造山带的东段。前人对该矿床的岩(矿)石物理化学特征及地质特征已进行了研究,但对与成矿密切相关的花岗岩缺乏系统的岩石学、地球化学和高精度年代学等方面的研究。本次研究通过锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年、Hf同位素示踪以及全岩的主、微量元素测试,探讨了平顶山金矿区赋矿花岗岩的源区特征、形成机制和构造背景。矿区花岗岩包括早期的浅色中粒二长花岗岩和稍晚期的细粒黑云母二长花岗岩,两期花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为271.7±2.3 Ma和249.8±3.3Ma,对应的εHf(t)为-4.17～-0.58和-4.98～-0.49,两阶段平均模式年龄tDM2分别为1432 Ma、1457Ma,原始岩浆可能来源于中元古代增生的壳源物质的重熔。两期花岗岩均以高碱(Na2O+K2O)、富Al2O3、富集LREE和LILE(Rb、Ba、Th、U和K)、低MgO、贫HREE和HFSE(Nb、Ta、P和Ti)为特征,属高钾钙碱性系列的准铝质/过铝质I型花岗岩,代表了火山弧-同碰撞环境。结合中亚造山带东段构造演化历史,我们认为平顶山金矿的花岗岩可能是古亚洲洋向北俯冲、闭合、华北克拉通与佳-蒙陆块碰撞产物。     

江西雅山和下桐岭钨矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

雅山钨矿(W-Mo)和下桐岭钨钼铋铍矿(W-Mo-Bi-Be)是江西武功山地区典型的石英脉型钨矿床,二者的成矿元素组合略有差异,但二者的成矿时代是否存在差异尚不十分清楚.为了确定二者成矿年代,通过选取雅山钨矿和下桐岭钨矿石英脉中与黑钨矿伴生的辉钼矿进行了Re-Os同位素定年,获得了雅山钨矿3个辉钼矿Re-Os同位素等时线年龄和模式加权平均年龄分别为156.0± 2.8 Ma和156.0± 2.4 Ma;下桐岭钨矿4个辉钼矿Re-Os同位素等时线年龄和模式加权平均年龄分别为156.4± 8.7 Ma和156.1± 2.1 Ma;在误差范围内,说明二者的成矿时代基本一致.研究表明,雅山钨矿和下桐岭钨矿床与武功山地区浒坑钨矿成矿年代一致,与华南地区大规模钨锡成矿作用的时代基本一致(170 ~ 150 Ma),均形成于晚侏罗世.     

冀东金宝沟花岗斑岩地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素及其地质意义

金宝沟金矿床是冀东地区近年查明的一个大型斑岩型金矿床,金矿体主要赋存于金宝沟花岗斑岩体及岩体与太古宙迁西群黑云角闪斜长片麻岩接触带中。为查明金宝沟含矿花岗斑岩体的成岩时代、岩石地球化学特征、岩浆源区特征及其与区域上峪耳崖、牛心山等成矿花岗岩体的关系,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法,测得金宝沟2件花岗斑岩的成岩年龄分别为169.9±1.0Ma和170.4±2.0Ma,表明其形成于中侏罗世。金宝沟花岗斑岩属于过铝质钾玄岩系列岩石,∑REE含量为38.17×10~(-6)~136.51×10~(-6),岩石富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素和Ba、Th、U,亏损Ta、Nb、Ti等高场强元素和P、Sr,显示出典型岛弧或活动大陆边缘岩浆岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素研究显示,2件花岗斑岩样品的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)分别为-12.8~-7.4和-14.4~-8.8,两阶段模式年龄分别为1685~2028Ma和1773~2130Ma,暗示岩浆可能来源于古元古代地壳物质的部分熔融。金宝沟花岗斑岩岩浆形成的温度为788~834℃,岩浆形成压力为0.8~1.6GPa。结合区域地质资料认为,包括金宝沟花岗斑岩在内的冀东中侏罗世花岗岩及同时代的髫髻山组火山岩是在陆内收缩、地壳增厚、古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲的构造背景下,在挤压应力松弛的间隙环境侵位的。     

华北地台南缘张士英岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

张士英岩体位于华北地台南缘,岩石类型包括钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉,其中只在钾长花岗岩中发育有暗色岩石包体,在包体和寄主岩中发育反映岩浆混合作用的岩石结构。钾长花岗岩、似斑状花岗岩和石英斑岩脉的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄分别为107.3±2.4Ma、106.7±2.5Ma和101±3Ma。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,钾长花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-15.96～-20.80,单阶段模式年龄(tDM1)为1396～1643Ma,两阶段模式年龄(tDM2)为1880～2018Ma;似斑状花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)为-18.97～-22.18,tDM1为1512～1640Ma,tDM2为1925～2080Ma;除了一粒年龄为2.6Ga的锆石具有εHf(t)为-0.71、tDM1为2943Ma和tDM2为3036Ma的组成,石英斑岩的锆石εHf(t)为-23.41～-27.95,tDM1为1678～1896Ma,tDM2为2144～2330Ma。这些数据暗示,除了存在少量太古宙地壳物质的贡献外,张士英岩体的物质来源可能主要为1.9～2.3Ga期间形成的新生地壳,但也不排除古老地壳与富集地幔源混合的可能。综合分析前人研究成果表明,在太平洋板块俯冲方向发生转变的过程中,先存断裂带发生拉张。张士英岩体与中国东部同期岩浆活动一起可能形成于这种受断裂带控制的伸展环境。     

A Paleozoic subduction complex in Korea: SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages and tectonic implications

The Wolhyeonri complex in the southwestern margin of the Korean Peninsula is divided into three lithotectonic units: Late Paleozoic Zone I to the west, Middle Paleozoic Zone II in the middle and Early Paleozoic Zone III to the east. Zones II and III display characteristics of continental arc magmatic sequence. Zone II is dominated by mafic metavolcanics, whereas zone III is characterized by the presence of dismembered serpentinite bodies including chaotic mélange. These zones are proposed to have been formed in a convergent margin setting associated with subduction. Here we present zircon SHRIMP U–Pb ages from the various units within the Wolhyeonri complex which reveal the Paleozoic tectonic history of the region. The Late Carboniferous ages obtained from the main shear zone between the Wolhyeonri complex and the Paleoproterozoic Gyeonggi massif are thought to mark the timing of continental arc magmatism associated with the subduction process. In contrast, Zone I with Neoproterozoic arc magmatic remnants might indicate deposition in a forearc basin. The Wolhyeonri complex also preserves strong imprints of the Triassic collisional event, including the presence of Middle Triassic high-pressure metabasites and eclogites near the eastern boundary of the Zone III. These range of radiogenic ages derived from the Wolhyeonri complex correlate well with subduction and accretion history between the North and South China cratons. Similar geochronological features have also been indentified from the Qinling, Tongbai–Xinxian, and northern Dabie areas in east-central China. The existence of Paleozoic coeval subduction in East Asia prior to the Triassic collision is broadly consistent with a regional tectonic linkage to Gondwana.     

大兴安岭东北部早古生代花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及地质意义

大兴安岭东北部早古生代花岗岩属于Ⅰ型花岗岩.锆石的LA-ICPMS U-Pb年代学研究表明,十八站岩体、内河岩体、白银纳岩体的形成年龄分别为499±1、500±1和460±1 Ma,而查拉班河岩体为一多次侵入的杂岩体,其形成年龄在465～481 Ma.结合本区和邻区其它早古生代花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄,限定了大兴安岭东北部地区早古生代花岗岩浆活动的时限为460～500 Ma.锆石的LA-MC-ICPMS Hf同位素研究显示,本区早古生代花岗岩的锆石εHf（t）多数介于＋1.5～＋3.8之间,二阶段模式年龄介于1.1～1.4 Ga,表明其主要起源于中-新元古代增生的地壳物质.结合兴安地块其它花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素资料,认为额尔古纳地块在中-新元古代时期曾发生一次重要的地壳增生事件,与兴安地块主要为显生宙地壳的特点明显不同.     

内蒙古查干敖包钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及成矿作用研究

内蒙古查干敖包钼矿是宝音图钼矿区矿床之一,为狼山北段发现的斑岩白云母石英脉型钼矿,成矿岩体主要为钾长花岗岩、细晶花岗岩和花岗斑岩,岩体锆石U-Pb平均年龄为(253.5±3.3)Ma。本次研究测得查干敖包辉钼矿的187Re-187Os等时线年龄为(239.2±5.8)Ma,与成矿岩体时代相差约13 Ma,反映钼矿床的形成经历了较长的成岩成矿演化历史。查干敖包钼矿床具有斑岩矿床特点,矿床产于成矿岩体内接触带,但是矿化形成于白云母石英脉中,主要与白云母热液矿物有关,因此是一种特殊的斑岩型钼矿床。     

越南西北部Posen花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成特征

本文报道出露于越南西北部的Posen花岗岩岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成特征,讨论岩石成因和该地区新元古代岩浆作用的大地构造意义.分析3个花岗岩样品获得723Ma至760Ma的锆石U-Pb年龄,表明花岗岩形成于新元古代.该花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素组成有较大的变化范围,ε_(Hf)(t)值变化范围为-16.1至+3.4,单阶段Hf模式年龄为1186～1945Ma,暗示Posen花岗岩有着复杂的源区物源组成.在误差范围内,锆石两阶段Hf同位素模式年龄值主要集中在2.0～2.1Ga,与两阶段Nd同位素模式年龄值2.1～2.2Ga一致,说明花岗岩体主要由古元古代地壳物质部分熔融形成的.部分锆石颗粒具有正ε_(Hf)(t)值,可能指示花岗岩岩浆形成过程中存在壳-幔混合相互作用.在越南西北部发育新元古代岩浆作用可能与扬子板块广泛发育的、伴随Rodinia超大陆裂解过程的岩浆活动存在成因的联系,也揭示越南西北部地体可能与扬子板块具有亲缘关系,因此,可以推断马江断裂带应该代表印支板块和华南板块之间的古特提斯缝合带在越南西北部的延伸.     

Zircon U-Pb ages,geochemistry, and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic compositions of the Pinghe pluton,Southwest China: implications for the evolution of the early Palaeozoic Proto-Tethys in Southeast Asia

The geological record of the Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic Proto-Tethyan Ocean in Southeast Asia is not clear. To better constrain the evolution of the Proto-Tethys, we present new geochronology, geochemistry, and petrology of the late Cambrian to Ordovician Pinghe pluton monzogranite from the Baoshan block, western Yunnan, southwest China. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of four zircon samples yield ages of 482–494 and 439–445 Ma for the pluton, interpreted as two episodes within one magmatic event accompanying the whole process of subduction–collision–orogeny between buoyant blocks and oceanic crust of the Proto-Tethys. The monzogranite belongs to the strong peraluminous, high-K, calc-alkaline series and shows characteristics of both I-type and S-type granitic rocks. It is characterized by extremely high Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba but low TiO₂, MgO, FeOt, and CaO/Na₂O ratios. The monzogranite is also moderately enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs), depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), lacks HREE fractionation, and has strongly negative Eu (Eu/Eu* = 0.06–0.49), Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, and Ti anomalies. Whole-rock ε_Nd(t) and ε_Hf(t) values range from ?8.7 to ?11.6 and ?5.55 to ?9.58, respectively. Nd and Hf two-stage model ages range from 1.66 to 2.06 Ga and 2.14 to 3.00 Ga, respectively, with variable radiogenic ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t) (16.547–18.705), ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t) (15.645–15.765), and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb_(t) (38.273–38.830). These signatures suggest that the monzogranite magma was derived from partial melting of heterogeneous metapelite, which was generated from Neoarchean to Palaeoproterozoic materials mixed with basaltic magma. The monzogranite magma underwent crystallization differentiation of plagioclase, K-feldspar, and ilmenite. Magmatism to form the Pinghe pluton occurred in a post-collisional setting. Based on the comparison of coeval granites throughout adjacent regions (e.g. Himalayan orogen, Lhasa Terrane, and parts of Gondwana supercontinent), we propose that the Baoshan block was derived from the northern Australian Proto-Tethyan Andean-type active continental margin of Gondwana and experienced subduction of the Proto-Tethyan oceanic crust and accretion of an outboard micro-continent. The Pinghe pluton could have formed when a subducting oceanic slab broke off during collision.     

宁芜盆地花岗岩类的锆石U-Pb年龄、同位素特征及其意义

宁芜盆地中花岗岩类侵入体出露零星,以石英二长岩和花岗岩为主,研究程度薄弱.本文对盆地内主要的5个花岗岩类侵入体牛迹山岩体、霍里岩体、姑山岩体(姑山铁矿床钻孔中)、小石山岩体和娘娘山岩体进行了年代学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素、Nd-Sr同位索分析研究.这5个花岗岩类侵入体的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄依次为128.0±1...     

黑龙江嘉荫与俄罗斯远东Kundur地区黑龙江杂岩锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

本文报道了黑龙江嘉荫和俄罗斯远东Kundur(昆杜尔)地区黑龙江杂岩锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素分析结果,并结合前人研究成果,探讨了黑龙江杂岩的物质组成、形成时代、构造就位时间及物源。黑龙江嘉荫地区黑龙江杂岩中两个石榴石白云母石英片岩(13HYC28-1和13HYC29-1)原岩为流纹岩,其锆石U-Pb年龄分别为185±1Ma和183±1Ma,应代表黑龙江杂岩中存在的中酸性火山岩原岩的形成时代;俄罗斯远东Kundur(昆杜尔)地区石榴石二云母片岩(14RF4-1)和白云母石英片岩(14RF5-1)碎屑锆石年龄频谱主要存在两个年龄区间:183～286Ma和420～525Ma,另外还有少量前寒武纪年龄。这些碎屑锆石年龄组合与佳木斯地块和松嫩-张广才岭地块东缘发育的岩浆事件相对应,揭示其沉积物源应来自于这些火成岩。黑龙江杂岩碎屑锆石年龄数据中早侏罗世的最小峰期年龄(188Ma)代表了黑龙江杂岩原岩成岩时代的下限,结合区内177～165Ma的单矿物变质变形年龄,可以判定黑龙江杂岩的构造就位时间为早侏罗世晚期-中侏罗世。黑龙江杂岩的形成与就位过程揭示了东北亚陆缘早中生代的构造演化历史:中-晚三叠世(240～230Ma),牡丹江洋沿嘉荫-牡丹江断裂裂开并逐渐扩张,早侏罗世期间,古太平洋板块开始向欧亚大陆之下俯冲,受其影响,牡丹江洋俯冲并闭合于早侏罗世晚期-中侏罗世,最终导致佳木斯地块与松嫩-张广才岭地块碰撞拼合以及黑龙江杂岩的构造就位。     

Formation and emplacement ages of the SSZ‐type Neotethyan ophiolites in Central Anatolia,Turkey: palaeotectonic implications

Isolated outcrops of ophiolitic rocks, termed the Central Anatolian Ophiolites, are found as allochthonous bodies in the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex, that represent the metamorphosed passive northern edge of the Tauride–Anatolide Platform, central Turkey. In terms of pseudostratigraphic relationships of the magmatic units and their chemical designation, the Central Anatolian Ophiolites exhibit a supra‐subduction zone (fore‐arc) setting within the Vardar–İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan segment of the Neotethys. The epi‐ophiolitic sedimentary cover of the Central Anatolian Ophiolites is generally characterized by epiclastic volcanogenic deep‐sea sediments and debris flows intercalated with pelagic units. The richest and most significant planktonic foraminiferal association recorded from the lowest pelagic members infer a formation age of early–middle Turonian to early Santonian. K/Ar ages of post‐collisional granitoids (81–65 Ma) intruding the basement rocks as well as the Central Anatolian Ophiolites suggest a post‐early Santonian to pre‐middle Campanian emplacement age. The marked high volume of epiclastic volcanogenic sediments intercalated with the pelagics of the Central Anatolian Ophiolite is suggestive of rifting in a marginal sea adjacent to a volcanic arc. Penecontemporaneous tectonism is reflected in repetitions in the stratigraphy and in debris flows, which result from major slides and mass‐gravity reworking of pre‐existing units and of arc‐derived volcanics and sediments. Correlating the rock units and formation/obduction ages of the Central Anatolian Ophiolites with further supra‐subduction zone type ophiolites in the eastern (Turkey) and western (Greece) parts of the Vardar–İzmir–Ankara–Erzincan segment of Neotethys we conclude that the intraoceanic subduction in the east is definitely younger and the closure history of this segment is more complex than previously suggested. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.