织锦巴菲蛤(Paphia textile)过氧化氢酶基因cDNA全长克隆、序列同源分析与组织表达

Catalase is an important antioxidant protein that can protect organisms against various forms of oxidative damage by eliminating hydrogen peroxide. In this study, the catalase c DNA of Paphia textile(Pt CAT) was cloned using RTPCR and rapid amplification of c DNA ends(RACE). Pt CAT is 1 921 bp long and consists of a 5′-UTR of 50 bp, a 3′-UTR of 349 bp, and an ORF of 1 542 bp that encodes 513 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58.4 k D and an estimated isoelectric point of 8.2. Sequence alignment indicated that Pt CAT contained a highly conserved catalytic signature motif(~(61)FNRERIPERVVHAKGAG~(77)), a proximal heme-ligand signature sequence(~(352)RLFSYSDP~(359)), and three catalytic amino acid residues(H~(72), N~(145), and Y~(356)). Pt CAT also contains two putative N-glycosylation sites(~(34)NKT~(36) and ~(437)NFT~(439)) and a peroxisome-targeting signal(~(511)AQL~(513)). Furthermore, Pt CAT shares 53%–88% identity and 29%–89% similarity with other catalase amino acid sequences. Pt CAT m RNA was present in all tested organs, including the heart, digestive gland, adductor muscle, gonad, gill, and mantle, but its expression was highest in the digestive gland. High-temperature-induced stress produced two expression patterns of Pt CAT m RNA: first, an initial up-regulation followed by a down-regulation in the heart, digestive gland, and gonad and, second, consistent down-regulation in all other organs. These results demonstrate that Pt CAT is a typical member of the catalase family and might be involved in the responses to harmful environmental factors.     

Photosynthetic and metabolic responses of eelgrass Zostera marina L. to short-term high-temperature exposure

In recent years, extreme heat events have occurred worldwide and the ocean temperature has been rising, causing stress on the photosynthesis and growth of seagrass. Metabolomics enables detection of metabolic changes under environmental stress. In this study, the photosynthetic physiology and metabolic changes of the eelgrass Zostera marina L. in response to 48 h exposure to 32°C were investigated. The results showed that high temperature induced signi?cant inhibition of photosynthetic effciency(Δ F/F′ m)(23.9%lower than the control), enhanced respiration(58.3% higher), and decreased carbohydrate decomposition products and tricarboxylic acid(TCA) cycle intermediate products, indicating that the energy supply of the eelgrass may be insuffcient at high temperature. In addition, high temperature decreased stearic acid and linoleic acid in eelgrass, suggesting the composition of the membrane system of eelgrass may change at high temperature and implying that high temperature may cause the membrane system to be unstable.     

Isolation and identification of a marine killer yeast strain YF07b and cloning of the gene encoding killer toxin from the yeast

It was found that the marine yeast strain YF07b could secrete a large amount of killer toxin against a pathogenic yeast strain WCY which could cause milky disease in Portunus trituberculatus.The marine yeast strain YF07b was identified to be Pichia anomala according to the results of routine yeast identification and 18S rDNA and ITS sequences.The gene encoding killer toxin in the marine yeast strain YF07b was amplified by PCR technology.After sequencing,the results show that an open reading frame,consisting of 1 281 bp,encoded a presumed protein of 427 amino acids.The sequence of the cloned gene was found to have 99% match with that of the gene encoding killer toxin in Pichia anomalas strain K.A signal peptide including 17 amino acids appeared in the N-terminal domain of the killer toxin.Therefore,the mature protein consisted of 410 amino acids,its molecular mass was estimated to be 47.4 ku and its isoelctronic point was 4.5.     

Key genes expression of reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle from deep-sea hydrothermal chemolithoautotrophic Caminibacter profundus in response to salinity, pH and O2

CO2 fixation pathway of Caminibacter profundus, a chemolithoautotrophic -Proteobacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vent, was determined and characterized by genetic and enzymatic analyses. Gene expression of key enzymes for CO2 fixation in response to salinity, pH and O2 in Medium 829 were also investigated. The results demonstrate that C. profundus contained aclB, porA and oorA, the genes encoding key enzymes of reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle. However, genes fragments of cbbL and cbbM encoding key enzyme of Calvin cycle were not recovered. Key enzymatic activities of ATP citrate lyase (ACL), pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (POR) and 2-oxoglutarate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (OOR) were also present in C. profundus. The combination of genetic and enzymatic analyses confirm that C. profundus adopted rTCA cycle for carbon assimilation. The results of aclB and oorA relative expressions of C. profundus demonstrate that the ranges of environmental factors for high genes expression were sea salt 3.0%-5.0% (optimum 3.0%), pH 5.0-6.5(optimum pH 6.5), anaerobic to microaerobic conditions (optimum 1.0% O2 ). Gene expression patterns under different conditions show similar patterns with bacterial growth, revealing that key rTCA cycle genes provided molecular basis for bacterial growth and propagation. Our results suggest that C. profundus could regulate key genes of rTCA cycle for carbon assimilation and energy metabolism in response to environmental fluctuations in hydrothermal vent.     

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of Crustin-like gene from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

A new member of antimicrobial protein genes of the Crustin family was cloned from haemocytes of the Chinese shrimp Fennero- penaeus chinensis by 3 ′and 5′ RACE. The full-length cDNA of Crustin-like gene contains a 390 bp open reading frame, encoding 130 amino acids. The deduced peptide contains a putative signal peptide of 17 amino acids and mature peptide of 113 amino acids. The molecular mass of the deduced mature peptide is 12. 3 ku. It is highly cationic with a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.5. The deduced amino acids sequence of this Crustin showed high homology with those of Penaeus （ Litopenaeus ） setferus. Northern blotting showed that the cloned Crustin gene was mainly expressed in haemocytes, gill, intestine, and RNA in situ hybridization indicated that the Crustin gene was constitutively expressed exclusively in haemocytes of these tissues. Capillary elec- trophoresis RT-PCR analysis showed that Crustin was up-regulated dramatically from 12 to 48 h after a brief decrease of mRNA during first 6 h in response to microbe infection. The level of Crustin mRNA began to restore at 72 h post-challenge. This indicated that Crustin gene might play an important role when shrimps are infected by bacterial pathogen.     

Expression,purification, and subcellular localization of phospholipase C in Dunaliella salina

Plants possess effective mechanisms to respond quickly to the external environment. Rapid activation of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes occurs after a stimulus. The PLC in Dunaliella salina plays important roles in growth and stress responses. However, the molecular basis of PLC action in D. salina remains little understood. To gain insight into the potential biological functions of this enzyme, we cloned a phospholipase C gene from D. salina in a previous study, named DsPLC (GenBank No. KF573428). Here, we present the prokaryotic expression, purification, and characterization of the DsPLC gene. The entire coding region of DsPLC was inserted into an expression vector pET32a, and the DsPLC gene was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. The DsPLC protein was purified and identified using a polyclonal antibody and western blotting. Expressing DsPLC fused with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) in onion showed that DsPLC-GFP was localized to the intracellular membrane. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the relative expression of the DsPLC gene was induced significantly by 3.0-mol/L NaCl at 4 h. Our results support the importance of PLC enzymes in plant defense signaling. This study provides a basis for further functional studies of the DsPLC gene and for additional analysis of the potential roles of PLC enzymes in response to abiotic stress.     

太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因克隆及在金属胁迫下的表达分析

热休克蛋白70(HSP70)是生物体内一种重要的机体与细胞保护性蛋白。本文利用RT-PCR以及RACE技术首次克隆获得太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)HSP70简称Ep.HSP70 c DNA的全长序列,序列全长为2252bp(KY807149),开放阅读框(ORF)长1947bp,编码649个氨基酸,5′端99bp,3’端206bp;预测蛋白分子量为70.81k Da,等电点为5.16,为一种亲水性蛋白,不存在信号肽及跨膜区,含有丰富的α螺旋结构(37.60%),β折叠(18.80%)。同源氨基酸序列比对发现,与其他甲壳动物的同源基因保守性较高,尤其是HSP70家族典型的结构位点序列在甲壳类动物中具有高度保守性。系统进化分析表明,太平洋真宽水蚤和安氏伪镖水蚤(Pseudodiaptomus annandalei)进化关系最近;桡足类种内同源性要高于虾蟹类,与虾类同源性高于蟹类。荧光定量数据分析表明,不同浓度铜、镉、锌胁迫下太平洋真宽水蚤HSP70基因表达水平具有显著的时间效应与浓度效应的特征,三种金属对Ep.HSP70抑制效应呈现CuCdZn的趋势。Ep.HSP70基因的成功克隆及金属胁迫下的表达分析为深入研究HSP70蛋白生物学功能具有重要意义。     

缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）GST和HSP90基因克隆及其在氨氮胁迫下的表达特征分析

克隆获得缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Sc-GSTσ)和热休克蛋白90(Sc-HSP90)基因的cDNA全长,分析了它们的组织表达差异及其在氨氮胁迫下的表达特征。结果表明,Sc-GSTσ的全长cDNA为1 414 bp,含有639 bp的开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame,ORF),编码212个氨基酸,Sc-GSTσ氨基酸序列与其他物种的GST氨基酸序列同源性为31.88%～43.40%;而Sc-HSP90的全长cDNA为2 752 bp,ORF为2 181 bp,编码726个氨基酸,其氨基酸序列与其他物种HSP90的氨基酸序列同源性为76.77%～87.05%。荧光定量PCR分析发现,Sc-GSTσ和Sc-HSP90在缢蛏各组织中均有表达,两者均在肝胰腺中表达量最高。氨氮胁迫后,Sc-GSTσ和Sc-HSP90 mRNA在肝胰腺中表达均显著上调(p<0.05),表明氨氮胁迫引起机体的应激反应,2个基因可能参与机体解毒或防御过程。但胁迫后期表达量下降推测是机体的防御能力有限,不足以完全保护宿主免受应激诱导的细胞损伤。     

黄斑篮子鱼去毒相关基因的克隆与肝脏组成型表达分析

从基因水平探讨海洋鱼类对海洋藻毒素的去毒分子机理。采用RT-PCR法成功克隆了黄斑篮子鱼Siganus oramin肝脏I时相代谢酶细胞色素P450 1A(CYP1A)、II时相代谢酶alpha型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTA)和rho型谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTR)、热休克蛋白70 (HSP70)、alpha 1型钠钾ATP酶(ATP1A1)及β-肌动蛋白(beta-actin, ACT)基因cDNA核心序列,序列分别长879 bp、582 bp、588 bp、660 bp、749 bp和554 bp。序列同源性分析发现,属鲈形目的黄斑篮子鱼CYP1A、GSTA和GSTR与同属鲈形目的牙鲆Paralichthys olivaceus、欧洲鲽Pleuronectes platessa、真鲷Pagrus major、鲤形目的斑马鱼Brachydanio rerio 相应氨基酸序列同源性较高,CYP1A和GSTA与非洲爪蟾(两栖类)、鸡(鸟类)、小鼠、大鼠和人(哺乳类)相应氨基酸序列同源性低,这可能与鱼类I、II时相去毒酶基因承担水环境毒素去毒代谢的特殊功能有关;而HSP70、ATP1A和β-肌动蛋白在鱼类、两栖类、鸟类、哺乳类中均有较高的同源性,这可能与这些基因在机体中承担的最基本的生命功能相关。应用半定量RT-PCR的方法,以β-肌动蛋白作为外参照,在指数期增长范围内分别得到了CYP1A、GSTA、GSTR、HSP70和ATP1A1 mRNA与β-肌动蛋白mRNA (%)的比值,确定黄斑篮子鱼肝脏去毒相关基因的组成型表达水平。其中,黄斑篮子鱼肝脏CYP1A、GSTA和GSTR基因组成型表达相对较高,HSP70和ATP1A1基因组成型表达相对较低,这可能与不同基因在黄斑篮子鱼海洋藻毒素去毒分子机理中承担的作用相关,为海洋藻毒素在海洋鱼类中的积聚及代谢去毒分子机制的研究提供了相关数据。     

宽体沙鳅(Botia reevesae)热休克蛋白70 基因的克隆及表达分析

为深入分析热休克蛋白响应胁迫的分子机制,实验以宽体沙鳅(Botia reevesae)为研究对象,利用同源克隆和cDNA 末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends,RACE) 技术克隆得到宽体沙鳅热休克蛋白70(BR-HSP70) 的cDNA 全长。结果发现,BR-SP70 cDNA全长为2,371bp,包含1,947 bp的开放阅读框(opening reading frame,ORF),102 bp 5’-非编码区(untranslated region,UTR)和322 bp 3’-UTR等。通过序列同源性比对发现,BR-HSP70 cDNA与团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)和猪(Sus scrofa)的同源性分别为98%及83%,且ORF编码的649个氨基酸中含有HSP70家族的家族信号标签、N-糖基化位点及EEVD等能位点等保守序列。上述结果表明,本研究所获的基因为宽体沙鳅 HSP70基因。实时荧光定量PCR 分析发现,氨氮胁迫和嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)侵染均会显著上调宽体沙鳅鳃、肝脏及肾脏HSP70 mRNA的表达,表明HSP70基因在宽体沙鳅应对环境胁迫中发挥了重要的抗应激作用。     

金乌贼热休克蛋白基因的挖掘及对低盐胁迫的响应

热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins:HSPs)为动植物响应外界胁迫产生的一类蛋白质,能有效改善机体对外界胁迫的适应能力.本研究基于先前获得的低盐胁迫金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)高通量转录组数据,对与低盐胁迫密切相关的热休克蛋白(热休克蛋白家族和晶体蛋白(crystallin)家族)基因进行挖...     

太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica) Cu/Zn SOD基因克隆及在重金属胁迫下的表达分析

铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)是一种广泛存在于生物体中最主要的抗氧化酶之一,在抵御过多活性氧簇对机体毒害的过程中起重要作用。本研究以太洋真宽水蚤为研究对象,采用RT-PCR与RACE方法克隆得到太平洋真宽水蚤Cu/Zn SOD基因全长c DNA序列。Cu/Zn SOD(Gen Bank登录号:MF289343)基因序列全长837bp,其中完全开放阅读框为456bp编码152个氨基酸,5′非编码区长297bp,3′非编码区长84bp,分子量约为15.050k Da,理论等电点为5.73。序列比较表明,太平洋真宽水蚤Cu/Zn SOD c DNA的氨基酸序列与其他甲壳动物的一致性较高;存在8个蛋白翻译后修饰位点及蛋白家族标签序列,无跨膜结构域与信号肽。在重金属铬与镍胁迫下,通过实时荧光定量PCR对太平洋真宽水蚤Cu/Zn SOD m RNA体内表达特点分析显示,其表达量均呈现先升后降趋势,在暴露12小时后表达量达到峰值;铬胁迫下的表达量略高于镍;联合胁迫下呈现出拮抗作用。本研究结果将有利于深入探讨桡足类Cu/Zn SOD基因的结构与功能,为进一步研究抗氧化分子机理奠定基础。     

赤点石斑鱼HSP60基因克隆及弧菌应激前后的组织表达特性分析

HSP60(heat shock protein 60,热休克蛋白60)作为高度保守的热休克蛋白家族的一员,不仅可以在应激状态下帮助其他蛋白正确折叠并恢复天然构象,还可作为危险信号作用于天然免疫系统.基于HSP60的EST序列设计特异引物,采用RACE技术成功克隆获得赤点石斑鱼HSP60 cDNA全序列及基因组全序列....     

太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica) CRH-BP基因克隆及表达分析

促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素结合蛋白(CRH-BP)是一种糖基化蛋白,与促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)具有很高的亲和力,对CRH诱导的脑垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的释放起到抑制作用。本研究采用RT-PCR与RACE基因克隆方法首次获得太平洋真宽水蚤(Eurytemora pacifica)CRH-BP基因全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:MF289345)1950bp,其中ORF区1245bp编码415个氨基酸,5′非编码区841bp,3′非编码区294bp,理论分子量/等电点为45.816/5.87。生物学序列分析结果表明,太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP氨基酸序列与桡足类中近亲真宽水蚤同源性最高;具有6个蛋白修饰位点及蛋白家族标签序列,具有明显的跨膜结构域及信号肽。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP基因在盐度、温度及pH环境胁迫中的mRNA表达量均具有一定的时间梯度表达性与浓度梯度表达性特征。本文通过对太平洋真宽水蚤CRH-BP基因结构及不同环境因子刺激下的表达特点的研究为探究桡足类在环境应激、生殖生理及免疫调控等方面奠定了理论基础。     

香港牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)水通道蛋白基因AQP1的克隆、分子特性和表达分析

水通道蛋白1(Aquaporin1,AQP1)是一类通过渗透梯度将水或一些小的中性分子快速穿过细胞膜的通道蛋白。通过RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆获得了香港牡蛎AQP1基因全长,并命名为Ch AQP1(Gen Bank登录号:KJ704847)。该基因全长1153bp,开放阅读框长度为888bp,编码295个氨基酸残基。Ch AQP1基因包括1个保守的MIP结构域、6个跨膜区、5个连接环、2个NPA(Asn-Pro-Ala)基序和选择性水孔构件ar/R(aromatic/arginine)。系统学分析表明Ch AQP1属于AQP1-like型水通道蛋白。m RNA组织分布结果显示,Ch AQP1在各个组织中均有表达,其中在闭壳肌和外套膜中表达量相对较高。利用实时定量PCR分析高、低盐胁迫下其在鳃中的表达模式,结果表明,Ch AQP1 m RNA表达量在低盐处理下基本没有太大变化;在高盐胁迫下,第1天(P0.01)、第3天和第5天(P0.05)显著下调;这说明Ch AQP1基因参与了香港牡蛎的渗透压平衡调节。     

热休克蛋白研究进展

热休克蛋白是生物体在不利环境因素刺激下应激合成的一族进化上高度保守的蛋白质。综述了热休克蛋白在热休克因子和热休克元件调节下的基因表达调控,并讨论了热休克蛋白的生物学功能和它们在海洋生物养殖方面潜在的应用意义。