2016年7月大气环流和天气分析

2016年7月大气环流特征为,极涡呈偏心型分布,主体强度较常年偏强;中高纬环流呈4波型分布,北半球副热带高压强度偏强,西太平洋副热带高压整体位置偏南,脊线南北振荡。7月我国平均气温为22.6℃,较常年同期（21.9℃）偏高0.7℃。全国平均降水量131.8 mm,较常年同期（120.6 mm）偏多9.3%,华北、江淮和江南等地偏多显著。强降水天气主要出现在华北地区和南方,7月我国出现8次区域性暴雨天气过程,7月18—22日降水过程多方面突破历史极值。7月西北太平洋地区有4个台风生成,3个台风活跃,2个台风登陆我国,数量较历史同期明显偏少。第一号台风是1949年以来生成时间第二晚的首个台风。内蒙古东北部出现气象干旱。中东部地区和新疆持续高温天气,最长持续天数为11 d,最大影响1075个站点;高温极值为46.8℃,发生在吐鲁番站。     

2022年7月大气环流和天气分析

2022年7月大气环流主要特征为北半球极涡呈单极型且较常年同期略偏强,中高纬环流呈4波型分布,西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期偏北偏西。7月,全国平均降水量为96.6 mm,较常年同期偏少21%,为1961年以来历史同期第二少;全国平均气温为23.2℃,较常年同期偏高1.0℃,为1961年以来历史同期第二高。月内有6次区域性暴雨天气过程,1—7日强降水过程由于受到台风登陆及减弱后的低压环流与西风带系统相互作用,影响我国中东部大部分地区,5次强降水集中在西北地区东部、华北、黄淮、东北地区。月内共有3个台风生成,较常年同期偏少;经历2次高温天气过程,表现出极端性显著、影响范围广和持续时间长的特点,四川盆地、江南、西北地区东部、新疆的部分地区出现40℃以上高温天气,多站日最高气温突破历史同期极值。     

2019年7月大气环流和天气分析

2019年7月北半球的大气环流主要特征表现为,极涡呈偶极型分布,较常年同期偏强;欧洲高空冷涡异常偏强,中上旬西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南,下旬北抬。7月全国平均降水量为126.3 mm,较历史常年同期偏多4.7%,江南大部以及西南地区较历史同期显著偏多1倍以上,黄淮、江淮地区降水较常年同期偏少5成以上;全国平均气温为22.1℃,较历史同期略偏高。平均高温日数多于常年同期（4.3 d）,达到了5.7 d,华北南部、黄淮、江淮以及南疆等地高温日数显著偏多,山西、辽宁、新疆、广东等地共61站发生极端高温事件。本月内有7次区域性暴雨天气过程,主要出现在我国南方地区,多站出现极端日降水量。共有4个台风生成,接近历史同期水平,只有1个台风登陆我国,较历史同期偏少。     

2015年7月大气环流和天气分析

2015年7月环流特征如下：北半球极涡呈多极型,中高纬西风呈5波型分布。西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强。7月全国平均降水量88.7 mm,较常年同期偏少26.5%,为1951年来历史同期最少;全国平均气温为22.1℃,较常年同期偏高0.2℃。月内共出现7次主要降水过程,多站出现极端日降水量。7月共有5个热带气旋在西北太平洋和南海活动,生成个数与常年同期基本持平,并有2个台风(莲花和灿鸿)在我国登陆。新疆出现持续高温天气;华北、黄淮等地出现气象干旱;全国24个省（区、市）遭受风雹灾害。     

2023年7月大气环流和天气分析北大核心CSCD

2023年7月北半球大气环流主要特征表现为:极涡分裂为多个中心呈绕极分布,较常年同期偏强;西太平洋副热带高压较常年同期强度偏强,位置偏西、偏北;全国平均降水量为122.0 mm,接近常年同期,有45个站日降水量超建站以来历史极值,吉林西部、河北南部等地累计降水量较常年同期显著偏多1~2倍,而西北中北部、广西中北部、湖南中部以及新疆北部等地偏少5成左右;有8次区域性暴雨天气过程,受台风杜苏芮及其残余环流影响,7月26—29日、7月29日至8月1日,台湾、浙江东部、福建东部以及京津冀等地部分地区先后出现极端强降水;月内共有3个台风生成,2个登陆我国,较常年同期略偏少,其中,台风杜苏芮为登陆福建第二强台风;全国平均气温为23.0℃,较历史同期略偏高,山东西部、河北南部、新疆西北部和东北部等地最高气温平均值较常年同期偏高2~4℃;高温过程共有7次,其中,7月5—16日为全国性的高温过程,中东部大部以及内蒙古西部和新疆大部最高气温超过35℃,12个国家站日最高气温超过历史极值。     

2017年2月大气环流和天气分析

2017年2月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极偏心型分布,中高纬环流呈3波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度接近常年,南支槽强度较常年偏弱。2月全国平均气温0℃,较常年同期偏高1.7℃;全国平均降水量14.4 mm,比常年同期（17.4 mm）偏少17.1%。2月我国有两次强冷空气过程;3次降水过程,其中新疆出现了一次暴雪过程,日降水量打破历史极值;中东部出现两次雾 霾天气。     

2023年9月大气环流和天气分析

2023年9月北半球大气环流的主要特征为极涡呈单极型偏向东半球,强度与常年相当,贝加尔湖以西的欧亚中高纬度环流经向度较大,西太平洋副热带高压较常年明显偏西偏强;我国北方大部地区受平直西风环流影响,而南方大部则受西太平洋副热带高压控制。9月,全国平均气温为18.2℃,较常年同期(16.9℃)偏高1.3℃,江南、华南等地出现高温天气;全国平均降水量为69.1 mm,较常年同期(65.3 mm)偏多5.8%。西北太平洋和南海有2个台风生成,较常年同期偏少;另有台风苏拉和海葵登陆我国,接连影响华南导致极端强降水,登陆个数接近常年同期。全国共出现6次大范围较强降水过程及2次强对流天气过程,江苏宿迁、盐城遭受多个强龙卷风袭击。     

2021年6月大气环流和天气分析

2021年6月北半球的大气环流主要特征表现为,极涡呈单极型分布,较常年同期偏强;欧洲上空500 hPa位势高度场较常年同期显著偏高,西太平洋副热带高压位置南北变化较大。6月全国平均降水量91.5 mm,较历史常年同期偏少8%,江南大部、华南北部、江淮地区较常年偏少2～5成,局部地区偏少5成以上;内蒙古北部、黑龙江西部地区以及吉林东部、辽宁中东部偏多5成以上。全国平均气温20.8℃,较历史同期略偏高,其中河南北部、江苏中部以及青海南部地区气温较常年同期偏高达到了 2℃以上。本月内有8次区域性暴雨天气过程,极端降水量出现区域分散。6月共有2个台风生成,接近历史同期水平,没有台风登陆我国。6月我国黄淮西部、江淮东部以及华南南部等地共44个站发生极端高温事件,4个站日最高气温突破历史同期极值。     

2018年7月大气环流和天气分析

2018年7月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年明显偏强,位置较常年明显偏北。7月全国平均气温22.9℃,较常年同期偏高1.1℃,为1961年以来历史同期第三高;全国平均降水量133.8 mm,比常年同期（120.6 mm）偏多11%,与历史同期相比呈现北多南少的分布特征。月内我国有7次区域性暴雨天气过程,多站出现极端日降水量。7月共有5个热带气旋在西北太平洋和南海活动,并有“玛莉亚”、“山神”、“安比”3个台风登陆,生成和登陆个数均较常年偏多。我国中东部出现持续性高温天气,同时强对流天气频发,影响范围较广。     

2016年8月大气环流和天气分析

2016年8月环流特征如下：北半球极涡呈单极型分布,强度偏强;亚洲大陆中、高纬为两槽一脊型;西北太平洋副热带高压位置明显偏东偏北、强度偏弱,大陆高压偏强。8月全国平均降水93.9 mm,较常年同期（105.7 mm）偏少11.2%;全国平均气温22℃,较常年同期（20.8℃）偏高1.2℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高,全国大部地区气温偏高。月内共出现了6次主要的区域性强降水过程,其中4次是由热带气旋或热带辐合带活动引起。8月共有8个热带气旋（风力8级以上）在西北太平洋和南海海域活动,其中1604号台风妮妲和1608号台风电母登陆华南沿海。月内,我国中东部地区出现大范围持续高温天气,东北地区西部和内蒙古东部气象干旱持续。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.