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西方城市空间结构研究的理论进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
文章综述了西方国家城市空间结构研究的理论进展,概括了城市空间结构各时期研究的主要内容和理论观点,展望了城市空间结构未来研究的趋势和方向。工业化以前西方城市空间结构研究主要侧重于城市表面形态的揭示,把城市空间结构同发展过程分离开来论述其特性。工业化以后的城市空间结构研究进展十分迅速,在研究中十分重视引入新思想、新理论、新技术和新方法。在不同时期出现了不同的学术派别,并总结出诸多城市空间结构的理论模型。 相似文献
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城市内部居住环境评价的指标体系和方法 总被引:36,自引:7,他引:36
“宜居城市”已经引起了政府、媒体和学者极大的关注,但主要集中在概念层面上,关于“宜居城市”的倡导或研究不应停留概念的炒作上,应该明确其内涵、量化其评价指标、确定其建设的方向和步骤等。立足于国内外相关研究基础,凸现“以人为本”的城市建设理念,就城市内部居住环境的评价内容、指标体系设计和评价方法等进行探讨。重点对构成居住环境评价的5大指标体系,安全性、环境的健康性、生活的便利性、出行的便捷度、居住的舒适度等具体评价内容、数据获取和方法选择等进行了研究。 相似文献
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西方国家城市公共服务设施供给理论及研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
城市公共服务设施是城市社会性服务业的依托载体,是指城市中呈点状分布并服务于社会大众的教育、医疗、文体、商业等社会性基础设施。西方国家城市公共服务设施供给理论及研究主题可以分为三个阶段。二战后至20世纪70年代,基于公共物品理论,确立社会公共服务的政府单中心供给模式,城市公共服务设施的布局区位、供给效率是研究重点:70年代至90年代,从公共服务的双主体联合供给理论出发,探讨城市公共服务设施供给的空间公平;90年代以来,在公共服务多元化供给理论基础上,从社会结构视角深层次研究公共服务设施供给的空间可达性差异及社会空间分异。 相似文献
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城市迁移人口居住空间分异——对深圳市的实证研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
基于深圳市第六次人口普查数据,将迁移人口按照户籍地划分为市内迁移、省内迁移和省际迁移3种类型。通过计算区位熵分析街道迁移人口比重在全市中的水平,并用空间自相关来识别其空间集聚状况,以揭示迁移人口的空间分异格局,进而用分异指数刻画迁移人口的分异程度。然后以街道迁移人口比重为因变量,住房因素和就业因素为自变量,采用OLS模型、空间滞后模型和空间误差模型来分析和解释迁移人口居住空间分异的影响因素。结果表明:①迁移人口区位熵呈现出较为明显的圈层结构分布特征,以南山区和福田区为中心向外依次为市内、省内和省外迁移人口;②迁移人口的居住分布存在空间集聚,市内迁移人口集聚分布在行政中心周围,省内迁移人口集中分布在商业中心周围,省外迁移人口集中分布在工业园区较多的关外街道;③省外迁移人口与本地人口之间的居住分异程度最高;④省外迁移人口的居住空间分布显著地受住房因素的影响,省内迁移人口的居住空间分布则受就业因素的影响,住房和就业因素对市内迁移人口的居住空间分布的影响不显著。 相似文献
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近期西方城市地理研究动向分析 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
在全球化、信息化和生态化等全球性趋势,知识经济迅猛发展和西方国家社会转型,西方国家城市发展新特征和当代西方哲学文化思潮等背景因素共同作用下,近期西方城市地理研究领域具有明显的社会理论倾向,城市地理研究的哲学基础和方法论呈现多元化态势,城市地理研究的定性分析方法和基于计算、模拟的定量分析方法均得到了长足发展. 相似文献
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居住迁移是人文地理学研究的重要议题。不过,现有研究主要关注居住迁移的格局和影响因素,较少考察居住迁移的后果,尤其是城市内部居住迁移前后的社区环境变化。研究基于北京市一项居民居住迁移的追踪调查,采用统计检验及探索性因子分析等方法分析了居民个体微观层面在迁居前后的社区综合设施可达性、可步行性、区位、主观感知的社区环境特征的变化情况,并运用二元Logistic回归模型考察了居住迁移前后居民社区环境变化的影响因素。研究发现,绝大多数居民在居住迁移后社区环境有所改善,相关变化受到生命历程事件、住房调整、迁居原因及家庭和个人社会经济属性不同程度的影响。 相似文献
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居住迁移作为城市最重要的活动之一,对个体生理和心理健康的影响受到社会学和心理学的关注,但鲜有从迁移所涉及的居住环境、迁移方向、距离等地理角度展开系统研究。本文以广州市为例,利用2016年入户调研问卷数据,运用二项logistic回归分析方法,并结合深度访谈法,分析居住迁移的时间特征、空间特征等因素对个体自评生理健康与心理健康带来的影响。研究结果表明,居住迁移对个体健康的影响包括长期累积效应与短期效应。前者体现为个体18岁前频繁的居住迁移对生理和心理造成的负面影响;后者为短时间内居住迁移对心理健康造成较大的负面影响。此外,在最近一次居住迁移中,主动迁居对生理健康有显著正向影响,离心性迁移方向对心理健康亦有显著正向影响;长距离迁移对心理健康则为负向影响。研究结果对于个体择居、社区建设具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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基于流动性视角的第二居所旅游研究综述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
第二居所产生于后现代城市的多元居住与流动性环境中,在目的地城市中创造了新的居住空间与物质景观。作为现代性演进中更大的流动性生活的代表,它深刻影响着迁移者的行动、地方依恋与身份感知,引导城市社会、文化、环境、空间结构发生变革。基于流动性的研究框架,文章综述了第二居所与第二居所旅游的研究概况,从流入地、流出地、旅游通道、宏观环境4 个空间范畴概括了国内外第二居所旅游研究的现有成果与框架模型。第二居所研究存在概念定义模糊、国家专项统计缺失、研究对象可进入性差、国际横向比较困难等问题。在城市化与现代性交错发生、城市空间快速变革的背景下,对于消费导向的流动性及第二居所旅游的研究需要更深层次的拓展。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):14-28
This paper investigates the role of housing age in constraining residential mobility, measured as the percent of households that have moved into their homes in the past 15 months. The leading explanation for why mobility rates differ so much among regions of the United States has been the overall level of growth. The present analysis shows that the growth effect operates through both the newness of population (migration) and the newness of housing available for occupancy by all local residents. The posited explanation for this housing age effect is that progressively older units contain increasingly settled occupants, yielding fewer opportunities for in-movers in areas with older housing. It is empirically demonstrated that households in older housing have lower likelihood of recent mobility even after controlling for age, tenure, migration status, and state location of residence. The analysis reveals the temporal interdependency of mobility, migration, person age, and housing age. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the role of housing age in constraining residential mobility, measured as the percent of households that have moved into their homes in the past 15 months. The leading explanation for why mobility rates differ so much among regions of the United States has been the overall level of growth. The present analysis shows that the growth effect operates through both the newness of population (migration) and the newness of housing available for occupancy by all local residents. The posited explanation for this housing age effect is that progressively older units contain increasingly settled occupants, yielding fewer opportunities for in-movers in areas with older housing. It is empirically demonstrated that households in older housing have lower likelihood of recent mobility even after controlling for age, tenure, migration status, and state location of residence. The analysis reveals the temporal interdependency of mobility, migration, person age, and housing age. 相似文献
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转型期广州市居住迁移的分阶段比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将住房制度改革划分为起步、房改售房和住房市场化3个阶段,利用大规模的入户调查资料,分析不同阶段城市居民的居住迁移影响因素差异.研究发现,住房制度改革以来广州市年均居住迁移率呈波动上升趋势,1998年货币分房政策的实施引发大规模的居住迁移,导致城市空间大规模重构;利用事件史分析方法分析发现家庭生命周期、工作单位变动、住房产权和住房性质选择等都显著影响居住迁移,但不同阶段其作用机制和影响程度存在明显差异.起步阶段的居住迁移仍是制度安排下的被动迁移;市场化阶段的居住迁移自发性增强;房改售房阶段两种体制并存,居住迁移行为相对更复杂.随着住房市场化程度的进一步增强,家庭生命周期因素和社会经济地位的变化对居住迁移的影响将会增强. 相似文献
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A well-known challenge to studies examining the distance of residential mobility patterns is that the estimates are often constrained to patterns only within a particular metro area or between metro areas. Thus, studies are unable to estimate the entire distance decay functional form. Using a unique data set on the distance of the most recent move for a large sample of households in twenty-three metropolitan areas in the United States over three waves, we flexibly estimate the distance decay function for the entire sample, as well as for a series of subpopulations based on key demographic information. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):219-229
Residential mobility can be conceptualized as an outcome of a choice process exercised under complex institutional and personal constraints. China's rather unique pattern of housing market segmentation under market transition impinges directly on residential location and relocation. Drawing upon data from a sample survey, this paper analyzes the pattern of residential moves resulting from commodity housing construction in a major Chinese city, Guangzhou. Most moves are of short distance, although the general direction is towards the urban periphery. Danweis and the municipal housing bureau, rather than the market per se, are the primary driving forces behind suburbanization in China today. 相似文献
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Residential Mobility and Urban Restructuring under Market Transition: A Study of Guangzhou,China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Residential mobility can be conceptualized as an outcome of a choice process exercised under complex institutional and personal constraints. China's rather unique pattern of housing market segmentation under market transition impinges directly on residential location and relocation. Drawing upon data from a sample survey, this paper analyzes the pattern of residential moves resulting from commodity housing construction in a major Chinese city, Guangzhou. Most moves are of short distance, although the general direction is towards the urban periphery. Danweis and the municipal housing bureau, rather than the market per se, are the primary driving forces behind suburbanization in China today. 相似文献
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西方“地方生产网络”相关研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生产网络是西方经济地理学的研究热点之一。其对全球经济的透彻解析所形成的全球生产网络概念已受到普遍关注,而作为地方经济分析工具的地方生产网络概念却明显受到忽视。本文参阅西方地方生产网络相关研究成果,对地方生产网络概念进行了梳理和界定,从构成与形态、内部关系、影响因素、外部连接、学习与创新、升级和演化等方面进行了评述,认为地方生产网络将会在分析地方经济内部结构、外部关系和创新能力等方面发挥更加重要的作用。 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(2):179-193
This study builds on recent research on the growth of suburban poverty by tracking bi-annual poverty trends in inner suburbs from 1989 to 2005 through data reported by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Contrary to analyses based on the 1990 and 2000 censuses, this research finds that inner-ring suburban poverty increased from 1989 through 1997 but then declined and stabilized at levels similar to those of 1989. It will be shown that most of these changes were driven by transitions into and out of poverty, and that the migration of the poor between central-city and suburban neighborhoods has little effect on poverty rates. These results suggest that such poverty is highly dependent upon economic conditions, which may indicate an increase in inner-ring poverty since 2005. 相似文献