矿石、煤和工业废料中锗的测定方法

测定少量锗的较好的方法是用苯基氧杂蒽酮(?)比色法,它具有大的灵敏度,而且并不复杂.笨基氧杂蒽酮(9-笨基-2,3,7-三烃基-6氧杂蒽酮)试剂和四价锗在酸性溶液中组成红色的络合物沉淀而析出.在络合物里,每一个锗原子需要与试剂的二个分子相结合.和锗含量很少的情形下,沉淀组成悬浮体,加入保护胶质能够使之稳定.在这种情形下,溶液的颜色变化由不存在锗时的纯黄色(试剂酸性溶液的颜色),经过各种色度的橙黄色到锗含量大时的玫瑰红色.     

水杨基荧光酮-石蜡相分光光度法测定植物中痕量锗

介绍了以锗-水杨基荧光酮-石蜡为体系,石蜡相分光光度法测定植物中的锗,探讨了该方法的最佳实验条件。结果表明,在HCl介质中,锗与水杨基荧光酮形成的络合物被萃取至蜡相后,于506 nm处有最大吸收,其εmax=2．3×105L·mol-1·cm-1,锗含量在0-0．40 mg／L 符合比尔定律,精密度(RSD,n=8)为2．7％-4．3％,回收率为96%-110％。方法应用于植物中锗的测定,结果满意。     

临沧盆地超大型锗(铀)矿床成矿机理及其模拟实验

通过矿床地质地球化学、煤岩学、有机地球化学及成矿模拟实验的研究,首次阐明临沧盆地大寨超大型煤中锗(铀)的有机成矿机理:初始锗来源于赋锗的花岗岩风化产物;在泥炭化阶段通过微生物对陆生高等植物降解和改造,经有机质吸附和生成锗络合物等环节构成富锗泥炭层。当富锗泥炭层形成褐煤时,未成熟有机质从含锗的粒间孔隙水中富集锗形成褐煤锗矿层;在表生氧化阶段中,褐煤锗矿层中锗被含氧地下水淋滤、迁移、叠加再造形成富大锗矿体。为进一步探讨锗矿的有机成矿机理进行了包括浸出、吸附、络合的锗矿预富集,以及锗重新迁移和聚集实验,来表述和证明上述有机成矿机理。     

云南帮卖盆地煤中锗存在形式的研究

帮卖盆地是一个不对称的山间向斜盆地。含锗煤主要为煤化程度低的褐煤,产于中新统的下煤组N₁2中。为了探讨煤中锗的存在形式,采用了五种分析方法和进行了腐殖酸络合锗的室内模拟实验。笔者认为煤中锗的存在形式主要有:1.与有机质成紧密化学结合,常以腐殖酸锗络合物及锗有机化合物;2.呈吸附状态,部分有机质、粘土矿物及褐铁矿等吸附锗;3.极少部分呈类质同象形式存在。     

锗与茜素S-络合物吸附波的探讨及其在矿石中的应用

锗是典型的稀散元素,一般伴生于岩石矿物之中,其含量很低,需要有个灵敏的测定方法,目前仍普遍采用苯芴酮萃取比色法。近年来鉴于许多文献的报导锗与含有 或基团的有机试剂能形成络合物的分析特征,我们选择了几种有机试剂(如溴邻苯三酚红、苯芴酮、变色酸、茜素—S)进行条件试验。发现锗与茜素—S络合物在各种支持电解质中PH2.5-2.6左右,均有对称性良好的导数示波极谱波。峰电位约     

对氟代苯基荧光酮—CTMAB体系测定锗的研究

本文研究了在CTMAB存在下,对氟代苯基荧光酮与锗的反应。制定了一种简单,高灵敏度和高选择性测定锗的方法。本反应在强酸性介质中进行(1.2mol/L H_2SO_4 0.6mol/LH_3PO_4),络合物的最大吸收位于505nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.5×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。在25ml溶液中,锗量在0～7μg范围内遵守比耳定律。绝大多数金属离子不干扰锗的测定。本法可不经分离而应用于矿物岩石中锗的直接测定。     

云南临沧地区帮卖盆地含铀煤中锗矿的研究

帮卖盆地是一个不对称山间向斜盆地,其基底为海西·燕山期(γ~3_4-γ~2_5)花岗岩体。盖层为新第三纪的含煤碎屑岩。锗矿体大部分存在于N_1~2煤层中。含铀煤主要为变质程度低的褐煤,属于半暗-半亮煤、暗亮煤及亮暗煤。锗在煤中的存在形式:1.主要为腐植酸锗络合物及锗的有机化合物;2.一部分呈吸附状态;3.极少数呈类质同象。     

锑与茜素氨羧络合剂的络合吸附波及其应用

在前人的基础上我们进行锗—茜素S络合物吸附波探讨发现锑与试剂络合,在滴根据资料介绍锑的分析功能团是芳核上含有基团的有机化合物,如邻苯     

四川会东大梁子铅锌矿床锗富集于方铅矿中的新证据

由于锗的离子半径与锌的离子半径相近,一般认为铅锌矿床中的锗主要与锌发生类质同像赋存于闪锌矿中,但也有证据表明,铅锌矿床中的锗也可富集于方铅矿中。对四川会东大梁子大型铅锌矿床进行了电子探针研究,锗特征X射线面扫描结果表明:该铅锌矿床原生矿石中方铅矿中的锗含量明显高于闪锌矿中的锗含量,且锗均匀分布在方铅矿中,没有出现明显高于本底的富集点,初步推测锗在方铅矿中以类质同像的形式存在。该结果为铅锌矿床锗富集于方铅矿中提供了新证据。     

伊敏煤田五牧场区富锗煤分布规律及成矿机理分析

锗是典型的稀有分散元素,主要富集在含铅锌的硫化物矿床和煤岩中。伊敏煤田白垩系下统大磨拐河组12号煤层为主力含锗煤开采层,具有分布面积广、厚度大、结构简单的特点。综合前人对临沧超大型锗矿床和胜利煤田锗矿床的研究,通过分析五牧场区富锗煤中锗的来源、富集、分布和成矿时期等,笔者认为该地区沼泽泥炭化过程中,泥炭化时期较早的区域有利于锗元素的富集;由于植物分带性导致煤层组分差异,富含腐殖酸的区域锗元素富集,即:"泥炭化程度差异性"和"煤层组分差异性"对富锗煤中锗的综合影响;该地区富锗煤的成矿机理为:成煤前锗元素聚集→泥炭化作用阶段锗元素第一次富集→煤化作用阶段锗元素第二次富集。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861