Development of gullies and sediment production in the black soil region of northeastern China

Gully erosion is an important environmental hazard in the black soil region of northeastern China. It is a primary sediment source in the region which needs appropriate soil conservation practices. Gully incision in rolling hills typical of this region was monitored using real-time kinematic GPS to assess the rates of gully development and the resultant sediment production. From 2002 to 2005, gully heads in the study area retreated between 15.4 and 33.5 m, giving an average retreat rate of 8.4 m yr^− 1. Field measurements showed that total sediment production due to gully erosion during the three years ranged between 257 and 1854 m³ yr^− 1, which is equivalent to 326 to 2355 t yr^− 1, with gully-head retreat accounting for 0 to 21.7% (4.4% in average). The sediment delivery ratio was especially high during the summer rainy season (56% in average). Sediment production by ephemeral gullies and permanent gullies was 1.5 times greater than that from surface erosion. Gully heads retreated faster in the spring freeze–thaw period than in the summer. The stage of gully development could be identified based on short-term changes in the gully erosion rate.     

Hillslope gullying in the Solway Firth — Morecambe Bay region, Great Britain: Responses to human impact and/or climatic deterioration?

In the Solway Firth — Morecambe Bay region of Great Britain there is evidence for heightened hillslope instability during the late Holocene (after 3000 cal. BP). Little or no hillslope geomorphic activity has been identified occurring during the early Holocene, but there is abundant evidence for late Holocene hillslope erosion (gullying) and associated alluvial fan and valley floor deposition. Interpretation of the regional radiocarbon chronology available from organic matter buried beneath alluvial fan units suggests much of this geomorphic activity can be attributed to four phases of more extensive gullying identified after 2500–2200, 1300–1000, 1000–800 and 500 cal. BP. Both climate and human impact models can be evoked to explain the crossing of geomorphic thresholds: and palaeoecological data on climatic change (bog surface wetness) and human impact (pollen), together with archaeological and documentary evidence of landscape history, provide a context for addressing the causes of late Holocene geomorphic instability. High magnitude storm events are the primary agent responsible for gully incision, but neither such events nor cooler/wetter climatic episodes appear to have produced gully systems in the region before 3000 cal. BP. Increased gullying after 2500–2200 cal. BP coincides with population expansion during Iron Age and Romano-British times. The widespread and extensive gullying after 1300–1000 cal. BP and after 1000–800 cal. BP coincides with periods of population expansion and a growing rural economy identified during Norse times, 9–10th centuries AD, and during the Medieval Period, 12–13th centuries AD. These periods were separated by a downturn associated with the ‘harrying of the north’ AD 1069 to 1070. The gullying episode after 500 cal. BP also coincides with increased anthropogenic pressure on the uplands, with population growth and agricultural expansion after AD 1500 following 150 years of malaise caused by livestock and human (the Black Death) plagues, poor harvests and conflicts on the Scottish/English border. The increased susceptibility to erosion of gullies is a response to increased anthropogenic pressure on upland hillslopes during the late Holocene, and the role of this pressure appears crucial in priming hillslopes before subsequent major storm events. In particular, the cycles of expansion and contraction in both population and agriculture appear to have affected the susceptibility of the upland landscape to erosion, and the hillslope gullying record in the region, therefore, contributes to understanding of the timing and spatial pattern of human exploitation of the upland landscape.     

A morphometric analysis of gullies scoured by post-fire progressively bulked debris flows in southwest Montana, USA

In the fall of 2001, an intense thunderstorm in southwest Montana triggered many debris flows in the burned area of Sleeping Child Creek. In most instances, the debris flows cut deep gullies into previously unchannelized colluvial hollows and deposited large volumes of sediment onto the valley floor. The presence of rill networks above the gullies as well as the absence of landslide features indicate that the gullies were scoured by progressively bulked debris flows, a process in which dilute surface runoff becomes increasingly more laden with sediment until it transforms into a debris flow. In this contribution, we present a morphometric analysis of six of the gullies to better understand this relatively understudied process. We find that the locations of the rill heads and gully heads conform to slope-area thresholds that are characteristic of erosion by overland flow. Our data also suggest that the volumes of the debris flows increase exponentially with normalized drainage area, thus lending support to an assumption used in a recently proposed debris flow incision law. Finally, the debris flow fans have been relatively unaltered since deposition, suggesting that the valley may be currently aggrading while the hillslopes are being denuded.     

克拜东部黑土区侵蚀沟遥感分类与空间格局分析

近百年来,东北黑土区侵蚀沟的大量发育带来了一系列严重的社会经济问题,弄清侵蚀沟的类型、数量及分布情况是进行水土流失治理和生态环境建设的前提条件。以黑龙江省克拜东部黑土区作为典型研究区,采用2005年SPOT-5高分辨率卫星影象,结合野外调查,根据侵蚀沟的活跃程度,将黑土区的侵蚀沟分为活跃性、半活跃性和稳定性三种类型,阐述了不同类型侵蚀沟的影象特征和遥感分类方法,为利用遥感手段在区域尺度上对侵蚀沟进行快速调查提供了一种新途径。在对侵蚀沟进行信息提取和空间插值后,形成研究区不同类型侵蚀沟密度图,探讨了克拜东部黑土区侵蚀沟分布的空间格局特征及其影响因素,认为地貌发育过程中的“分水岭迁移”现象是造成该地区侵蚀沟密度东西差异的重要原因。     

陕北洛川塬黄土崩滑及谷坡扩展模式

陕北洛川黄土塬是水土流失严重的地区。通过野外调查发现黄土崩滑作用是造成该区水土流失的主要之一，发育于黄土塬-沟谷过渡地带。该区黄土崩滑首次被划分为单面崩滑及栅格崩滑两种基本类型。黄土单面崩滑主要分布于冲沟、切沟地貌环境，而栅格崩滑主要分布于级别较高的沟道之中，活跃于区域Ⅲ、Ⅳ级沟道，显示出黄土崩滑与区域水文网之间的对应关系。根据地貌景观和沟谷几何特征第一次提出洛川黄土塬河道谷坡以陡倾加宽和鱼鳞状后退扩展为模式。黄土崩滑是蚕塬的重要方式，在水土保持过程中，就加强不同类型崩滑的针对性研究、预报和防护治理，促进水保效益的提高。     

川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积137Cs断代

选择川中丘陵区和三峡地区四川盐亭、南充和重庆开县的4个小流域,采集塘库沉积泥沙137Cs样品,确定了1963年以来塘库淤沙量,并据此分析了流域输沙模数和侵蚀模数。研究表明,开县春秋沟的淤沙模数最高,为1869t.km-2.a-1;盐亭武家沟和集流沟分别为701t.km-2.a-1和710 t.km-2.a-1;南充天马湾沟为566 t.km-2.a-1。对小流域地貌特征的分析和谷地水田取样结果表明,除塘库淤积区外,各小流域谷地内基本无泥沙淤积。因此,除南充天马湾沟按现有水面面积作为淤积面积求算的淤沙模数明显偏小外,其他小流域的塘库淤沙模数基本可以表征各研究小流域的侵蚀模数。对研究小流域侵蚀产沙影响因素的分析表明,除降雨和土地利用状况外,地形起伏、土壤抗蚀性及岩层产状也是三地侵蚀程度差异的重要原因。     

金沙江干热河谷元谋盆地冲沟沟头形态学特征研究

金沙江干热河谷因独特的气候类型——干、热、降水集中,冲沟侵蚀破坏十分严重。从冲沟沟头形态学特征的角度,运用分形几何学理论,以金沙江干热河谷元谋盆地的冲沟为研究对象,对沟头的分形弯曲度和土壤分形特征进行分析,揭示不同土地利用方式下,沟头空间形态、土壤形态与冲沟发育的相关关系及不同沟头形态所反映的自然环境特征差异性,这对研究冲沟的空间格局和动态监测提供了新的思路,对冲沟侵蚀治理,防止土地劣化具重要的理论指导意义。     

干热退化山地不同类型侵蚀沟生物生态工程治理试验研究

冲沟是生态环境治理和控制泥石流活动的关键地段。结合云南南涧县城后山泥石流生物生态工程治理试验示范研究,总结出由土石混砌与土木筑造结构的生物谷坊,浆筑结构拦坝和谷坊等组成的沟道侵蚀治理方法,并成功地进行了相应的生物坝系建设,筛选出大叶桉,赤桉,马鹿花,台湾相思,马占相思,新叶合欢,夹竹桃等一批适宜干热生境和沟道植被恢复及防护林建设的植物种类,同时采取冲沟与谷坡同时整治,生物治理与调蓄水措施相结合的坡面治理方法。结果表明,这些生物生态工程措施对于防止沟床侵蚀,抑制泥石流活动和护床固坡效果显著。     

Landscape evolution and origin of Lake Fúquene (Colombia): Tectonics, erosion and sedimentation processes during the Pleistocene

The Basin of Ubaté–Chichinquirá (5°28′N, 73°45′ W, c. 2580 m altitude) includes the Fúquene Valley and is located in the central part of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. Rocks and sediments were folded and faulted during the Miocene, uplifted during the (late) Pliocene, and affected by glaciers during the Pleistocene. Successive glacial and interglacial periods left significant marks in the landscape which were used to reconstruct six stages in the development of the landscape along a relative chronology. During early Pleistocene episode 1 glaciers formed U-shape valleys. Evidence of the impact of ice sheets has been found as far downslope as ca. 2900 m elevation. During episode 2 moraines developed which were cut by the present San José River. During episode 3 abundant sediment was produced by glacial erosion. It accentuated the sculpturing of hard rock and deepening of the drainage basin. The ancestral Ubaté–Suarez River constituted a dynamic erosive system that gave rise to deep V-shaped valleys and progressively formed a set of intricate valleys with a high sediment production. Finally, intense glacial and fluvio-glacial erosion led to a geomorphological system with high energy levels and intensive sediment transport leading to wide valleys. During episode 4 the Ubaté–Suarez River eroded and deepened its valley until it captured the old El Hato–San José Valley. It caused intense erosion of the moraine and the fluvio-glacial gravels. Deep V-shaped valleys stabilized in the high areas of the main drainage system and these valleys form the present-day fluvial sub-basins. During episode 5 the deep valley in the northern part of the Basin of Ubaté–Chichinquirá developed. During middle Pleistocene episode 6 colluvial sediments formed the Saboya dam and a lake was formed in the river valley of which the present Lake Fúquene is only a small remnant. Lithological changes indicate fluctuating water levels and Lake Fúquene must have expanded periodically up to an area 5 to 10 times the present-day surface.     

Cenozoic uplift of Nuussuaq and Disko, West Greenland—elevated erosion surfaces as uplift markers of a passive margin

Remnants of a high plateau have been identified on Nuussuaq and Disko, central West Greenland. We interpret the plateau as an erosion surface (the summit erosion surface) formed mainly by a fluvial system and graded close to its former base level and subsequently uplifted to its present elevation. It extends over 150 km east–west, being of low relative relief, broken along faults, tilted westwards in the west and eastwards in the east, and having a maximum elevation of ca. 2 km in central Nuussuaq and Disko. The summit erosion surface cuts across Precambrian basement rocks and Paleocene–Eocene lavas, constraining its age to being substantially younger than the last rift event in the Nuussuaq Basin, which took place during the late Maastrichtian and Danian. The geological record shows that the Nuussuaq Basin was subjected to subsidence of several kilometres during Paleocene–Eocene volcanism and was transgressed by the sea later during the Eocene. By comparing with results from apatite fission track analysis and vitrinite reflectance maturity data, it is suggested that formation of the erosion surface was probably triggered by an uplift and erosion event starting between 40 and 30 Ma. Surface formation was completed prior to an uplift event that started between 11 and 10 Ma and caused valley incision. This generation of valleys graded to the new base level and formed a lower erosion surface, at most 1 km below the summit erosion surface, thus indicating the magnitude of its uplift. Formation of this generation of valleys was interrupted by a third uplift event also with a magnitude of 1 km that lifted the landscape to near its present position. Correlation with the fission-track record suggests that this uplift event started between 7 and 2 Ma. Uplift must have been caused initially by tectonism. Isostatic compensation due to erosion and loading and unloading of ice sheets has added to the magnitude of uplift but have not significantly altered the configuration of the surface. It is concluded that the elevations of palaeosurfaces (surfaces not in accordance with present climate or tectonic conditions) on West Greenland's passive margin can be used to define the magnitude and lateral variations of Neogene uplift events. The striking similarity between the landforms in West Greenland and those on many other passive margins is also noted.     

Spatial distribution and morphologic characteristics of gullies in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China: Hebei watershed

Gully erosion in the Black Soil Region of China has posed a threat to food security. This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution and morphologic characteristics of gullies in the region and their topographic thresholds. A 28 km² watershed was surveyed and 117 gullies measured. The results showed that: (1) Gullies were distributed equally on both hillslope and valley floor positions, with a total gully density of .66 km/km². (2) The mean depth, width, and cross-sectional area of gullies were .74 m, 2.39 m, and 2.43 m², respectively. These characteristics varied among gullies according to their topographic positions and slope gradients. Individual gully volume (V) was well predicted from gully length (L) by V = 2.08L^0.96 (r² = .66). Total gully volume (V) of each sub-watershed was predicted from mean slope gradient (S) and drainage area (A) as V = 275800S ? 8600A (r² = .73). (3) Gully erosion was more serious in steeper sub-watersheds and steeper hillslope positions. Gullies were wider in regions with relatively larger drainage areas, except for those developed in the main valley. The topographic threshold for gully initiation was S = .10A^?0.34, which indicated gully erosion was dominated by surface runoff. (4) Human activities, such as road construction, played a significant role in gully erosion.     

基于DEM的黄土沟谷横剖面形态特征研究——以宜君、延安、绥德为例

选用1:10 000高精度5.0 m分辨率的DEM数据,在陕北地区,按黄土地貌演化序列次序,遴选分别代表黄土残塬沟壑、梁状丘陵沟壑、峁状丘陵沟壑地貌的宜君、延安、绥德3个流域,研究其中1 831个沟谷横剖面19个因子的形态特征,利用主成分分析法确立核心因子,分析结果表明：① 沟谷深度、宽度、横剖面面积、宽深比、侵蚀度与不对称性指标的主成分累积贡献率为95.02%,为黄土沟谷横剖面核心指标;② 随级别的增加,3个流域沟谷宽度、横剖面积、宽深比、侵蚀度均呈现总体增加的态势,与黄土地貌发育阶段具有明显的空间耦合性,尤其是宽深比与侵蚀度指标,反映出低级别黄土沟谷溯源侵蚀现象明显,以下切侵蚀为主,而高级别沟谷沟沿线后移,以侧向侵蚀拓宽为主的规律;③ 随级别增加沟谷深度呈现先增后降的态势,并在中级别沟谷出现拐点,与实地调研发现沟谷在中级别下切侵蚀遇到基岩的现象相吻合。     

Erosion rates and sediment budgets in vineyards at 1-m resolution based on stock unearthing (Burgundy, France)

A new and simple method is developed to efficiently quantify erosion and deposition rates based on stock unearthing measurements. This is applicable to spatial scales ranging from plot to hillslopes, and to time scales ranging from single hydrologic events to centennial scales. The method is applied to a plot area on vineyard hillslopes in Burgundy (Monthélie, France), with measurement of 4328 vine plants. A sediment budget established at the plot scale shows a mean soil lowering of 3.44 ± 1 cm over 20 years, involving a minimal erosion rate of 1.7 ± 0.5 mm yr^− 1. Locally, erosion rates can reach up to 8.2 ± 0.5 mm yr^− 1.This approach allows the sediment redistribution to be mapped and analyzed at 1-m resolution. It provides novel insights into the characterization of erosion patterns on pluri-decennial scales and into the analysis of spatial distribution of erosion processes on cultivated hillslopes.     

黄土高原勺状沟壑特征及发育过程

沟谷是黄土高原物质交换最频繁,形态变化最剧烈的区域。在内外营力的共同作用下,不同发育阶段的各类沟谷塑造了黄土高原“千沟万壑”的独特地貌景观。在黄土高原沟壑系统中,广泛分布着一类特殊的黄土勺状沟壑,目前对其成因、发育过程与机理以及空间分布特征等的认知明显不足。本文以高分辨率遥感影像和DEM数据作为数据源,在大量野外调查和专家知识的基础上,首先提出了黄土勺状沟壑的概念,指出黄土勺状沟壑是独立发育于黄土坡面上的永久性沟谷。其次,从沟壑形态、汇流关系、侵蚀过程、分布特征等方面分析了黄土勺状沟壑区别于其他已有沟壑的特点。进而,从发育形态、发育规模、发育部位等角度对黄土勺状沟壑进行了分类,深化了对勺状沟壑的认识。再次,基于空代时理论,定量分析了黄土勺状沟壑发育过程的形态演变特征,进一步探讨了黄土勺状沟壑发育过程,论证了黄土勺状沟壑是黄土切沟的初期阶段。最后,在系统梳理总结勺状沟壑的特征及分类的基础上,提出了黄土勺状沟壑的发育过程设想,指出勺状沟壑的形成离不开黄土陷穴和暗穴的生成和发育,勺状沟壑的进一步发育伴随着水力侵蚀和重力侵蚀过程。勺沟尾部变细甚至消失,不能发育成更大规模的切沟,与地下暗穴、黄土渗透率、降雨条件以及地表覆盖有关。本文成果期望为进一步完善黄土沟谷地貌发育和侵蚀过程与机理等认识做出贡献,同时对黄土高原水土保持工作提供参考。     

Gully systems under undisturbed indigenous forest, East Coast Region, New Zealand

Gully erosion is commonly associated with agricultural landscapes where vegetation clearance and farming practices increase runoff, leading to fluvial incision. However, gully erosion can also occur in forests that have undergone some form of disturbance, either natural or resulting from human impacts. This paper reports on recent gully development within areas of undisturbed indigenous forest as a result of a high magnitude rainfall event on the East Coast of New Zealand's North Island. This region, through a combination of crushed and sheared rock types, steep topography, and tectonic and climatic setting, has high natural rates of erosion, exacerbated by European deforestation in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.Sequential air photographs, spanning a 58 year period between 1939 and 1997 were used to classify and document the growth and recovery of gully systems in the 14.1 km² headwaters of the Mangaoporo catchment. Following a severe cyclone in 1988, with a rainfall of 535 mm, there were 21 active gully systems within the indigenous forest. On photography prior to 1988 only four gully systems were present. During this period there were 8 major rainfall events (150–250 mm). Despite further 5 rainfall events of 150–250 mm between 1988 and 1997 all gully systems showed signs of recovery, with a combined reduction in active area of 37%. The nature and location of these features is strongly influenced by lithology (orientation of jointing and bedding), and to a topographic threshold defined by catchment slope and catchment area.     

坡耕地增长对沟谷发育的影响——以四川西昌大箐梁子为例

为了研究近50 a来土壤加速侵蚀的状况和原因,收集了四川西昌大箐梁子1957年、1979年、2000年航空影像,应用立体像对获取高程信息生成DEM,并利用DEM纠正航片获取正射影像。同时,利用三期正射影像获取土地利用变化和沟谷变化信息,通过野外调查与验证,分析了沟谷形成、发育特点及与坡耕地增长的密切关系。研究表明,西昌大箐梁子沟谷发育,到1957年已形成部分稳定或半稳定冲沟,1970年代后期,大量草地被开垦为耕地,且多为坡耕地,土壤抗蚀能力降低,土壤侵蚀由此加剧,沟蚀增强,人为加速了沟谷侵蚀的发育。     

黑土耕作区侵蚀沟治理紧迫度空间分布特征

综合把握侵蚀沟发育状态及其治理紧迫程度可为有效判断区域侵蚀沟防控方向与治理重点提供重要参考。论文结合侵蚀沟形态数据,构建区域侵蚀沟治理紧迫度评价指标体系,从乡镇与网格尺度揭示区域侵蚀沟侵蚀程度及其空间分布规律。结果表明：① 从数量特征看,海伦黑土耕作区侵蚀沟分布呈非均衡状态,沟道长度以微/小型(≤500 m)为主,沟道面积以一/二级(≤0.8 hm²)为主。② 从空间规律看,网格尺度侵蚀沟密度等级呈现由西南向东北逐步增加趋势,而侵蚀沟密度等级以轻度侵蚀(≤2 km/km²)为主且在县域内无明显空间差异;乡镇尺度侵蚀沟密度以轻度侵蚀(≤2 km/km²)为主,主要分布在海伦西部,而侵蚀沟裂度以中/强度侵蚀(0.10%~0.35%)为主,主要分布在海伦西北与东南部。③ 从治理紧迫度看,2017年海伦黑土耕作区侵蚀沟以低紧迫治理(0.03~0.26)状态为主,主要分布在海伦低山低丘地区,位于海伦中西部乡镇;而紧迫/极紧迫治理紧迫度主要分布于低山/漫川漫岗区,位于海伦东北部。在未来区域侵蚀沟防治监测监管中,县级部门可依据乡镇侵蚀沟治理紧迫度优先防治侵蚀严重区域,而乡镇部门可依据网格尺度侵蚀沟治理紧迫度进行实地察看与重点监测。     

A sediment budget for a grazed semi-arid catchment in the Burdekin basin, Australia

In catchments adjacent to the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area in Queensland, Australia, there is a growing concern that sediments and nutrients being exported from the land are having a detrimental effect on coral reef communities. There is a need to determine the processes and rates of erosion from the major land use types, so that management intervention can be initiated to reduce sediment yields where required. This paper presents a sediment budget for Weany Creek, a 13.5 km² grazed semi-arid sub-catchment of the Burdekin River catchment, Australia. A range of field methods was used to measure erosion from hillslopes, gullies and stream banks, as well as identify the amount of sediment being deposited and remobilised on the bed of gullies and the stream network. The data suggests that at least during drought conditions, the primary erosion source in this catchment is gully erosion. However, the largest source of sediment in the budget is actually associated with the remobilisation of in-channel sediment stores. Overall, the sediment budget is comprised of  81% coarse material and 19% fine sediment and an agreement between the fine sediment yield estimated in the sediment budget and the yield measured at the catchment outlet is within 10%. The total sediment yield estimated for this catchment is  4205 t yr^− 1 and is much lower than expected for a catchment of this size. This may reflect the drought conditions during the measurement period; however, there is also the possibility that the primary erosion sources have been exhausted, and the rates of sediment loss may be much lower now than they may have been in the past. Nonetheless, the results show that stored sediment, which may have been deposited in the channel many decades ago, is an important contributor to end of catchment sediment yields and warrants further investigation.     

The value of a physically based model versus an empirical approach in the prediction of ephemeral gully erosion for loess-derived soils

A data set on soil losses and controlling factors for 58 ephemeral gullies has been collected in the Belgian loess belt from March 1997 to March 1999. Of the observed ephemeral gullies, 32 developed at the end of winter or in early spring (winter gullies) and 26 ephemeral gullies developed during summer (summer gullies). The assessed data have been used to test the physically based Ephemeral Gully Erosion Model (EGEM) and to compare its performance with the value of simple topographical and morphological indices in the prediction of ephemeral gully erosion.Analysis shows that EGEM is not capable of predicting ephemeral gully cross-sections well. Although conditions for input parameter assessment were ideal, some parameters such as channel erodibility, critical flow shear stress and local rainfall depth showed great uncertainty. Rather than revealing EGEM's inability of predicting ephemeral gully erosion, this analysis stresses the problematic nature of physically based models, since they often require input parameters that are not available or can hardly be obtained.With respect to the value of simple topographical and morphological indices in predicting ephemeral gully erosion, this study shows that for winter gullies and summer gullies, respectively, over 80% and about 75% of the variation in ephemeral gully volume can be explained when ephemeral gully length is known. Moreover, when previously collected data for ephemeral gullies in two Mediterranean study areas and the data for summer gullies formed in the Belgian loess belt are pooled, it appears that one single length (L)–volume (V) relation exists (V=0.048 L^1.29; R²=0.91). These findings imply that predicting ephemeral gully length is a valuable alternative for the prediction of ephemeral gully volume. A simple procedure to predict ephemeral gully length based on topographical thresholds is presented here. Secondly, the empirical length–volume relation can also be used to convert ephemeral gully length data extracted from aerial photos into ephemeral gully volumes.     

东北低山丘陵典型区侵蚀沟分布特征及其地形影响研究

东北低山丘陵区是重要的粮食主产区和商品粮基地,高强度的农业垦殖造成了严重的水土流失,侵蚀沟危害日益加剧。选择东辽河上游106.5 km²的区域为研究区,基于分辨率2 m的遥感影像,在GIS人工预判读侵蚀沟的基础上,野外实地验证并测量了研究区内长度≥50 m、且深度≥0.5 m的侵蚀沟的几何参数与经纬度;基于DEM获取了侵蚀沟所在坡面的坡度、坡向和高程等空间信息;分析了研究区侵蚀沟的基本特征与时空演化趋势,探讨了坡度和坡向对侵蚀沟发育的影响。结果表明：① 目前研究区已形成侵蚀沟322条,分布密度为3.0条/km²,沟壑密度为0.8 km/km²,割裂度为1.4%,侵蚀沟发展速度快,沟蚀强度已达强烈程度,应引起足够重视。② 侵蚀沟主要分布在6°~9°的坡耕地上,坡度对沟蚀的影响明显,坡耕地高强度垦殖是沟蚀加剧的主要驱动力;③ 阳坡（S、E）上侵蚀沟分布相对较多,而阴坡（N）上侵蚀沟分布最少,坡向对沟蚀也有一定影响。研究成果为认识东北低山丘陵区侵蚀沟发生与演化提供了科学数据。