新疆早侏罗世植物群特征

本文根据新疆早侏罗世各组中所产的植物化石,提出了疆新早侏罗世植物群分属于毛羽叶—锥叶蕨植物群与锥叶蕨—拟刺葵植物群的过渡植物群和锥叶蕨—拟刺葵植物群.过渡植物群中苏铁类比较丰富.锥叶蕨—拟刺葵植物群以真蕨类和银杏类为主,真蕨类中锥叶蕨,托第蕨,枝脉蕨最为发育.两个植物群按照不同层位均可分出上下两个组合.本文还探讨了八道湾组时代,认为无疑属早侏罗世,塔里奇克组植物组合也应属早侏罗世(塔里奇克组的地质时代为T_(?)—J_1).早侏罗世早期新疆气侯曾一度炎热,向后转为湿暖潮湿.     

西藏达雄群的化石新资料和再认识

在达雄群中新发现的双壳Ludbrookiadaxungensis,L.daxungensis,Rasatrixcf.suzulii,Arcticasubextensa及腹足Biplicaobliqu等化石,具早白垩世动物群组合面貌,表明该群的沉积时代大致为早白垩世欧特里夫—阿尔布期(Hauterivian-Albrian),而不是前人划归的中—晚侏罗世,与区内的早白垩世则弄群上部相当。     

塔里木盆地北部早—中白垩世孢粉时代和生物地理区系研究新进展

塔里木盆地北部地区早—中白垩世地层(白垩系一般为二分,国内外有人主张三分,国内三分条件尚未成熟.本文只是为与国外同行对比行文方便而使用早—中白垩世.)发育,是研究塔里木盆地该断代陆相地层的理想地区之一.亚格列木组过去由于化石较少,时代划分存有争议.笔者等在拜城县卡普沙良剖面首次发现该组孢粉化石之后,本次又发现51属22...     

使水资源就地循环的新型地下水库的构思

通过分析传统水库与新型地下水库之差异,揭示了渗漏与蒸发是导致干早及黄河断流的主要直接原因,提出了解决干早问题的地质工程措施—选择高原山间盆地,建造新型地下水库.这种水库可以防止渗漏、减少90%的蒸发,使水资源就地循环,从而达到高水高用、平衡径流之目的.只有通过防渗反蒸,充分利用有限的水资源,逐步恢复生态,才能根治干早,并使西部持续开发得到可靠保证.     

南昌地区震旦纪—早寒武世地层的发现

本文记述了在江西省南昌附近所发现的一套碳硅泥岩-细碧岩组成的地层。据地层和古生物资料,其时代应归属于震旦纪—早寒武世。这套地层向南延伸有可能跨越江南台隆和华南褶皱系两大地质构造单元的界线。笔者在对比了界线两侧的火山岩特征后,认为震旦纪—早寒武世,两大地质构造单元的界线可能是逐渐过渡的。     

内蒙兴安地区的板块构造问题

本文通过早二叠世岩相、生物群落、岩石化学、古地磁资料的综合研究分析,认为内蒙—兴安亚区的古地理,早二叠世早期,在乌兰浩特—林东—林西—线存在—火山弧。火山弧对沉积物和生物群落均有一定的控制作用,古地势为东低西高。早二叠世晚期,亚区东部迅速抬升,西部以海盆沉积为主,古地势为东高西低。同时根据海洋底栖、浮游生物的不同时混生现象,确定了板块分隔、对接、碰撞时期。     

河南省(华北型)早寒武世沉积环境演化及其痕迹化石组合

到目前为止本省内早寒武世尚未发现有梅树村期和筇竹寺期沉积,仅有沧浪铺期和龙王庙期沉积存在。在济源—博爱—武陟一线以南地区有沧浪铺阶辛集组、朱砂洞组和龙王庙阶馒头组。该线以北只有龙王庙阶辛集组和馒头组。辛集组是个受特定环境控制的穿时地层单元。
早寒武世沧浪铺早—中期(辛集组)沉积环境是潮下浅水陆棚和滨岸潮下带、滨岸潮坪潮间带。沧浪铺中—晚期(朱砂洞组)沉积环境是滨岸碳酸盐潮坪缓坡—潮间—潮上蒸发坪和潮间蒸发岩洼地以及潮下碳酸盐浅水缓坡。龙王庙期(馒头组)沉积环境是滨岸碳酸盐岩潮坪缓坡和潮下碳酸盐岩浅水缓坡。
早寒武世痕迹化石主要产于三个层位,可分为H-T组合和L-B组合。前者为潮下浅水陆棚风暴环境痕迹组合,后者为潮间—潮上低能泥坪环境痕迹组合。
早寒武世痕迹化石共11属(1新属)、16种(1新种、1相似种、10未定种)。     

羌塘盆地侏罗纪-早白垩世沉积充填序列分析

通过近两年对北羌塘盆地内侏罗纪—早白垩世地层岩石组合、沉积相、重要层序界面的研究,对盆地充填序列、盆地性质及油气资源前景作了详细分析,对侏罗纪—早白垩世地层进行了多重地层划分和层序地层研究,初步建立了北羌塘盆地侏罗纪—早白垩世地层格架。     

东喜马拉雅地区晚三叠世—早侏罗世的菊石类

在东喜马拉雅范围以内的西藏康马、洛扎和隆子地区有国内首次发现的晚三叠世诺利期—早侏罗世Glyphidites、Phormedites、Epideroceras、Phricodoceras Uptonia等菊石。晚三叠世诺利期有Tibetites sp.、Anatibetites sp.、Glyphidites sp.、Cyrtopleurites sp.、Parajuvavites sp.、Sagenites sp.和Phormedites sp.。早侏罗世辛涅缪尔期有Arnioceras ceratoides、Angulaticeras sp.、Arnioceras sp.、Juraphyllites sp.、Epideroceras sp.以及普林斯巴赫期Phricodoceras cf.cornutum、Uptonia sp.、Galaticeras sp.、Gleviceras cf.paniceum等。东喜马拉雅地区的菊石动物群在晚三叠世—早侏罗世期间的幕式出现与海侵和沉积环境变深有关,代表受海平面变化控制的晚三叠世的诺利中期(Columbianus带)、早侏罗世的辛涅缪尔期(Semico-statum带)、以及普里斯巴赫早期(Jamestoni带)的全球性菊石动物群扩散和迁移。     

酒东盆地营尔凹陷早白垩世断陷形成机制探讨

位于青藏高原和华北板块两大构造带交汇处的河西走廊带中西段酒东盆地,早白垩世为典型断陷盆地,但对其断陷形成机制存在明显争议.因早白垩世两大构造带的主体构造作用明显差异:北—南向挤压和北西—南东向伸展,为深入了解哪一种作用是控制早白垩世酒东盆地形成的主要因素,本研究特选取远离新生代强烈活动的阿尔金断裂带,在河西走廊带中西段...     

Early cretaceous radiolarian assemblages from the East Sakhalin Mountains

Three-dimensional radiolarian skeletons isolated from rock matrix in HF solution and then studied under scanning electron microscope substantiate the Early Cretaceous age of volcanogenic-cherty deposits sampled from fragmentary rock successions of the East Sakhalin Mountains. Accordingly the Berriasian age is established for jasper packets formerly attributed to the Upper Paleozoic-Mesozoic Daldagan Group; the Valanginian radiolarians are identified in cherty rock intercalations in the Upper Paleozoic (?) Ivashkino Formation; the Berriasian-Barremian assemblage is macerated from cherty tuffites of the Jurassic-Cretaceous Ostraya Formation; and the Aptian-early Albian radiolarians are characteristic of tuffaceous cherty rocks sampled from the Cretaceous Khoe Formation of the Nabil Group. Photographic documentation of radiolarian skeletons specifies taxonomic composition and age of the Berriasian, Valanginian, Berriasian-Valanginian, Barremian, and Aptian-Albian radiolarian assemblages from the East Sakhalin Mountains, and their evolution as related to abiotic events is considered. Coexistence of Tethyan and Pacific species in the same rock samples evidence origin of radiolarian assemblages in an ecotone. Consequently, the assemblages are applicable for intra- and interregional correlations and paleogeographic reconstructions.     

新疆南天山库尔干一带泥盆纪—早石炭世放射虫组合的发现

新疆南天山库尔干南阿尔腾柯斯组硅质岩地层中发现了丰富的保存良好的放射虫化石，共计21属34种，11个未定种，1个未定种属。研究表明，两个样品的放射虫组合时代分别为中-晚泥盆世和早石炭世。中-晚泥盆世放射虫组合的发现，丰富了库车地区泥盆纪放射虫生物群组合，为确定阿尔腾柯斯组的时代奠定了生物化石依据。结合前人对该组生物化石的研究，该组为跨时代岩石地层单元，应予解体。而具有早泥盆世-晚石炭世放射虫硅质岩的深水海相沉积地层为古南天山洋盆的演化过程提供了地层学证据。     

新疆南天山库尔干一带泥盆纪-早石炭世放射虫组合的发现

新疆南天山库尔干南阿尔腾柯斯组硅质岩地层中发现了丰富的保存良好的放射虫化石,共计21属34种,11个未定种,1个未定种属。研究表明,两个样品的放射虫组合时代分别为中—晚泥盆世和早石炭世。中—晚泥盆世放射虫组合的发现,丰富了库车地区泥盆纪放射虫生物群组合,为确定阿尔腾柯斯组的时代奠定了生物化石依据。结合前人对该组生物化石的研究,该组为跨时代岩石地层单元,应予解体。而具有早泥盆世—晚石炭世放射虫硅质岩的深水海相沉积地层为古南天山洋盆的演化过程提供了地层学证据。     

Radiolarian Age of Red Chert from the Kunimiyama Ferromanganese Deposit in the Northern Chichibu Belt, Central Shikoku, Japan

Abstract. The radiolarian age of red chert from the Kunimiyama area of the Northern Chichibu Belt was determined in order to constrain the depositional age of the Kunimiyama deposit that is among the largest ferromanganese deposits in Japan. Pseudoalbaillella cf scalprata Holdsworth and Jones, Pseudoalbaillella cf longicornis Ishiga and Imoto and Pseudoalbaillella sp. belonging to the Ps. lomentaria Zone are found in the red chert, indicating an age of middle Early Permian (middle Wolfcampian). The red chert occurs immediately above the ferromanganese deposit, and the boundary between them is gradual. Based on their mode of occurrence and geochemical features, it is most likely that radiolarian chert and ferromanganese precipitate accumulated simultaneously to produce red chert during the waning stage of submarine hydrothermal activity that was responsible for the Kunimiyama deposit. Consequently, the age of Kunimiyama stratiform ferromanganese deposit is constrained as middle Early Permian (middle Wolfcampian).     

广西南部晚古生代放射虫组合及其地质意义

广西南部钦州、玉林一带硅质岩系中丰富的放射虫化石,可区分出晚泥盆世、早石炭世和二叠纪的11个放射虫组合。晚泥盆世-早石炭世的组合可与北美和西欧对比。二叠纪组合与以日本为代表的环太平洋放射虫组合和西西里、滇西等地的古特提斯放射虫组合一致,表明了古特提斯与原太平洋之间的联系。     

藏南泽当卡多地区中生代放射虫动物群研究及其地质意义

雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带一直以来被认为是新特提斯洋岩石圈的残留,其与雅鲁藏布江缝合带内相关的海相地层共同记录了新特提斯洋的演化过程以及印度—欧亚板块的碰撞过程。位于藏南泽当西南卡多附近的硅质岩剖面中发现有保存较好的中生代放射虫化石,鉴定出放射虫31属39种,识别出4个放射虫组合,并将之与邻区及西特提斯地区放射虫化石带进行对比确定其时代:Alievium longispineum-Transhsuum maxwelli组合,晚巴通期—早卡洛夫期;Hsuum maxwelli-Triactoma mexicana组合,晚卡洛夫期—牛津期;Holocryptocapsa hindei-Hiscocapsa grutterinki组合,晚巴雷姆期—早阿普特期;Hemicryptocapsa polyhedra-Obeliscoites giganteus组合,晚阿尔布期—赛诺曼期。卡多硅质岩中所含放射虫组合可为泽当蛇绿岩的形成时限及新特提斯洋的演化提供重要的微体古生物依据。     

Radiolarian biochronology of Mesozoic deep-water successions in NW Syria and Cyprus: implications for south-Tethyan evolution

ABSTRACT New radiolarian biostratigraphical data have shed light on the Mesozoic tectonic evolution of South-Tethys in the Baer–Bassit region of NW Syria. Radiolarian assemblages of Late Triassic, Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age were extracted from radiolarites in five measured sections. The results are compared with published radiolarian ages from the Mamonia Complex, western Cyprus. These two areas are interpreted as preserved fragments of the conjugate margins of a small South Tethyan oceanic basin formed by Triassic rifting. In the southerly (i.e. Arabian) margin, proximal successions were dominated by shallow-water-derived carbonate, whereas distal successions reveal seamount-type alkaline/peralkaline volcanism, dated as both Late Triassic and Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. Along the inferred northern margin (i.e. western Cyprus) proximal successions are dominantly terrigenous, whereas distal settings include Late Triassic oceanic crust and seamount-type lavas.     

Radiolaria as paleoclimatic indicators: Pleistocene climatic fluctuations in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

Late Pleistocene radiolarian assemblages were examined in two cores (V24-58 and RC11-209) from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, using Nigrini's 1970 method of recurrent group analysis. The radiolarian “climatic index” curves obtained by this analysis were in close agreement with fluctuations in carbonate levels established previously for the same cores. This correspondence suggests that equatorial radiolarian assemblages changed significantly in response to Pleistocene climatic oscillations. The radiolarian “climatic indices” of the two cores showed close agreement with each other. Our data indicate that equatorial radiolarian assemblages may prove useful for regional correlations between cores, and for paleoclimatic interpretations.     

准噶尔盆地东北缘下侏罗统地层中的放射虫硅质岩砾石研究

用古生物和地球化学方法研究了准噶尔东北隅阿勒泰卡姆斯特地区下侏罗统三工河组地层中的紫红色放射虫硅质岩砾石,放射虫化石显示该种砾石所属硅质岩的地质年代为杜内期至维宪期早期,Fe/Ti-Al/(Al Fe Mn)和Fe2O3/TiO2-Al2O3/Al2O3 Fe2O3以及REE等地球化学特征反映该硅质岩沉积背景为局限小洋盆。据此推论克拉麦里洋盆封闭于早石炭世晚期,克拉麦里造山带在侏罗纪早期发生快速隆升。