气象用玻璃液体温度表测量结果的不确定度评定方法

气象用玻璃液体温度表检定结果的不确定度,直接影响温度量值传递的检定结果。根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》规范的分析方法,以0.2分度温度表为例,利用检定实验数据,对现用玻璃液体温度表检定结果进行不确定度评定。通过对检定结果的不确定度评定,梳理出一套清晰的分析步骤和科学方法,为省级气象计量部门提供误差分析范例。     

温度计量标准检定装置不确定度的评定

本文根据测量不确定度的评定方法,分析和计算了温度计量标准检定装置测量不确定度,通过对检定结果的不确定度评定,更加了解和掌握温度计量标准检定装置的计量性能、误差来源及减小误差影响的方法,同时也为接受技术监督部门的计量标准考核,提供不确定度评定的依据。     

省级气象计量所在温度检定中不确定度的评定

根据国家计量技术规范(JJF1033—2001)的要求和国家气象计量站对省级气象计量所计量标准的量值传递所作的规定，使用二等水银标准温度表标准装置检定台站仪器时，必须对检定结果的不确定度进行分析、评定。     

DYC1型数字气压传感器检定结果的不确定度分析

测量不确定度是表示测量结果可信度的参数。DYC1型气压传感器是DZZ4新型气象自动站中采集大气压力的数字型压力传感器,在常年的使用过程中存在零点漂移,根据JJG(气象)001—2015《自动气象站气压传感器检定规程》,使用3MS(Meteorology Metrology Management System)省级气象计量检定业务系统,以DYC1型气压传感器为分析对象,通过被测量数学模型,对其检定结果进行不确定度评估,通过实验分析得出DYC1型数字气压传感器检定结果的扩展不确定度为0.102h Pa,对其他类型传感器的检定结果不确定度评定有指导意义。     

PTB220型压力传感器检定结果不确定度评估

测量不确定度是表明测量结果可信程度的参数。为了保证气压传感器检定结果的准确可靠,依据JJG(气象)001-2011《自动气象站气压传感器检定规程》及JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》的要求,使用省级压力标准器745,以VAISALA的PTB220型压力传感器为研究对象,通过建立被测量的数学模型,分析并列出了对测量结果有明显影响的不确定度来源,并定量评定了各标准不确定度分量,通过实验分析及验证得出其检定结果的扩展不确定度为0.2hPa,对其他类型压力传感器的检定结果的不确定度评定具有指导意义和参考价值。     

铂电阻温度传感器检定结果的不确定度评定

根据《JJG(气象)002-2015自动气象站温度传感器》检定规程和国家计量技术规范JJF1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》中的要求,对铂电阻温度传感器做了一次详尽的检定过程,分析检定过程中的不确定度来源,对检定结果的不确定度进行了较为科学的评定。     

高原空盒气压表测量结果不确定度评定

高原空盒气压表是气压测量较为常用的仪器之一,使用比较广泛,根据国家计量技术规范JJF1059—1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》,本文对该类型仪器测量结果不确定度进行了评定,为省级高原空盒气压表的计量检定工作中推行使用不确定度评定方法提供参考。     

气象计量标准装置的误差分析及总不确定度的验证

为加强气象计量标准的法制管理,按照国家《计量法》的要求,重庆市气象计量检定所1991年建立了温、压、湿、风四项计量标准装置,并通过市技术监督局认证。考核合格。取得了进行气象计量量值传递和气象仪器的检定合法权利,在建立各项标准的技术工作中、其难点和核心问题就是误差分析。本文就建立二等水银温度计标准装置的误差分析及总不确定度验证的方法进行探讨。 1 二等水银温度计标准装置误差来源 1.1 A类不确定度分量:本标准装置的(标准偏差)重复性误差S≤0.004℃。 1.2 B类不确定度分量:     

铂电阻温度传感器现场检定和实验室检定不确定度评定对比分析

目前我国自动气象站铂电阻温度传感器的检定方式有现场检定和实验室检定两种。根据《JJG(气象)002-2015自动气象站铂电阻温度传感器检定规程》的指导方法,分别对相同的铂电阻温度传感器开展现场检定和实验室检定,并通过GUM法对两种检定方式的检定结果进行测量不确定度评定,对比两种检定方式的测量不确定度,结果表明现场检定中测量重复性引入的不确定度和测量设备引入的不确定度较实验室检定更高。分析两种检定方式的测量不确定度产生差异的原因,建议国家级自动气象站的铂电阻传感器采用实验室检定的方式开展计量检定工作。     

气象用玻璃液体温度表校准结果的不确定度评定

文章以气象用玻璃液体温度表中的干湿球温度表为代表,参照《JJG207-92气象用玻璃液体温度表检定规程》要求对其进行校准实验,并对校准结果进行不确定度分析与评定,分析不确定度来源对校准结果的影响程度,以供气象计量检定工作者参考.     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.