新显色剂DBN-偶氮胂作为测定痕量钍的显色剂

在0.5—1.2mol·L~(-1)HCl中,新显色剂DBN-偶氮胂与钍形成紫色二元络合物.λ_(max)=630nm,ε_((?)30nm)=1.11×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),0—0.8μgTh/ml遵守比尔定律。在有酒石酸、草酸存在下,重稀土(Ⅲ)和大量铀(Ⅵ)不干扰。测定矿石中n·10~(-3)％级的钍,相对标准偏差为6.16％。     

偶氮溴膦-pSN光度法测定地质样品中微量钪

本文主要研究了新显色剂偶氮溴膦—pSN(BPA—pSN)同钪的反应条件。拟定了光度测定地质样品中的的微量钪的测试方法。方法手续简便,灵敏度高。摩尔吸光系数为1.06×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm.(-1)。Sc量在0～25μg/25ml范围服从比尔定律。对标准样品进行分析对照,结果满意。     

二连石——一种含铁和钒的硅酸盐新矿物

新矿物二连石(Erlianite)产于海相火山沉积硅质建造,经变质的铁矿层中的破碎带。矿物呈黑色,条痕褐色。晶体成纤维状、鳞片状,集合体为规则的板柱状。不透明,丝绢光泽。H_v=3.7kg/mm~2,D=3.11g/cm~3。解理(001)和(100)完全。斜方晶系。晶胞参数:a=23.20,b=9.20,c=13.18,Z=1,可能的空间群为Pmmn或Pm2_1n。二轴晶负光性,N_(?)=1.667,N_(?)=1.674,N_(?)=1.679,2V=56—59°。化学式为:(Fe~(2+)_(19·96)Fe~(3+)_(2·19)Mg_(1·33)Mn_(0·42))_(23·90)(Fe~(3+)_(11·32)V_((?)·68))_(12)(Si_(34·73)Ti_(0·26)Al_(0·20)Fe~(3+)_(0·81))_(36)O_(90)(OH,O)_(48)(单位晶胞氧原子总数O=138)。     

铊—硫氰酸盐—乙基紫高灵敏显色反应及应用研究

在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,Tl(SCN)_4~-与乙基紫形成离子缔合物。适宜酸度为0.12—0.36mol/L H_2SO_4,λ_(max)为560 nm,ε为1.12×10~6L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Tl在0—10μg/25 ml范围服从比耳定律。考察了40多种共存物质影响,大多数元素不干扰。方法简单、快速,已用于某些岩矿中Tl的测定。     

石英—黑钨矿—水体系的氧同位素分馏作用实验研究

在温度为200—420℃,盐度为0—10wt％,填充度为50％的条件下,完成了由NaWO_4·2H_2O+FeCl_2·4H_2O或/和MnCl_2·4H_2O组成的水溶液在带黄金衬套的不锈钢高压釜中合成黑钨矿(钨锰矿或钨铁矿)的氧同位素分馏作用实验研究。我们获得的结果表明,在310℃条件下,黑钨矿和钨锰矿或钨铁矿与水之间氧同位素分馏作用几乎没有什么差别。在高温条件下(>370℃),黑钨矿与水之间氧同位素分馏值趋于相同,而在低温条件下(<870℃),随温度降低分馏值趋于增大。所获黑钨矿-水分馏方程式为: 1000 Inα_(黑钨矿-水)=0.21×10~6T~(-2)-2.91(370±—420℃) 1000 Inα_(黑钨矿-水)=1.03×10~6T~(-2)-4.91(200—370℃±)     

PMBP萃取分离桑色素荧光法测定地质样品中痕量钪

在磺基水杨酸存在下,以1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯酰基吡唑酮-5(PMBP)萃取,5％HBr反萃取,桑色素荧光法可灵敏、快速、准确地测定地质样品中痕量Sc。λ_(ex)为420nm,λ_(em)为500nm,测定下限为0.02μg/ml,0—8μg Sc/10ml同相对荧光强度呈线性。     

新显色剂—苯重氮氨基偶氮苯测定岩矿中的痕量镉

本文研究了新显色剂苯重氮氨基偶氮苯与镉(Ⅱ)在TritonX-100存在下的显色反应。实验表明,在pH10的硼砂—氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中显色剂同镉生成红色配合物,λ_(max)为525nm,ε=1.77×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),镉(Ⅱ)在0—10μg/25ml范围内服从比尔定律。采用D235大孔阴离子交换树脂分离富集,能够测定岩矿试样中的痕     

中国地质1983年总目录

(第一期至第十二期) _。_。期W。。。。期 亘 题 名 作 者 翼 菌 题 名 作 者 草 篱 _大力推广绳索取心钻探技术—……·9……··李常茂10 4 —”一”“”‘矿产资源总量预测和开展经济评价的问题 努力把乏中国地质,办好,为开创我国地质工。………………………………·裴荣富、朱裕生 皿】10 作的新局面贡献力量—…………………·孙大光11 加强1:5万区域地质矿产调查促进地质一找 论区域地质 工作在地质工作中的战略地位问题 矿工作发展。…………………………·李均权等1113… ·’…’………’……··’··’………………··沈永和 …     

溶剂浮选分光光度法测定痕量锗的研究

本文研究了溶剂浮选水杨基荧光酮(SAF)分光光度法测定痕量锗的条件,方法灵敏度高,选择性较好,锗的配合物可被环已烷+醋酸异戊酯定量浮选。用乙醇溶解浮选物后进行光度测定,在λ_(max)502nm处,其摩尔吸光系数为1.75×10~5l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),锗的含量在0—20μg/25ml范围内服从比尔定律。本法应用于煤灰中痕量锗的测定,结果令人满意。     

DOSD——聚氨酯泡沫塑料萃取吸光光度法测定化探样中的微量金

本文拟定了KClO_3-HCl-H_2O_2分解样品,熔融态的二正辛基亚砜(DOSO)负载于聚氨酯泡沫塑料上,二者作为金的吸附萃取剂,直接以正丁醇-TMK将其上的金提取显色。λmax=550nm,ε_(550)=1.6×10~5l·mol~(-1)cm~(-1)。本法无须用硫脲等解脱金,也不用采取灼烧泡塑等办法。热溶样品、振荡吸附,萃取比色约需2小时,加上附属工作,一批样品(20个)分析周期约为4小时。测定金的范围为×—××××ppb。对一级金标准参考样GAu—6 13次测定结果的变异系数为11.7％,对水系沉积物样品和火成岩样品多次进行测定,结果符合要求。     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the