冀东华尖金矿床流体包裹体特征与成矿作用研究

华尖金矿床是冀东地区典型的石英脉型金矿床之一,金主要产在多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,该金矿床各成矿阶段矿石中的流体包裹体主要有3种类型:H₂O-CO₂包裹体、H₂O溶液包裹体和含子晶多相包裹体。成矿早期的流体为H₂O-CO₂-NaCl体系,均一温度为320℃左右;主成矿阶段的流体为H₂O-NaCl体系,均一温度为280℃左右,不混溶作用以及控矿构造由挤压向拉张的转换是金沉淀的主要原因。氢、氧同位素研究表明,华尖金矿床主成矿期流体既有岩浆水又有大气降水参与,成矿晚期流体是以大气降水为主的混合流体。硫、铅同位素示踪表明,该矿床内的金主要来自在深部重熔的太古宙变质岩,成矿物质直接来源为牛心山花岗岩,间接来源于太古宙遵化群变质岩系,成矿过程与下地壳或上地幔物质的演化和改造有关。华尖金矿床的形成与燕山陆内造山作用的伸展期构造及侵入作用有关,岩浆活动带来了稳定的热源和大量的含金流体,随着成矿流体物理化学性质的改变,含金硫化物在张性构造部位沉淀成矿。     

山东玲珑金矿流体包裹体地球化学特征

玲珑金矿位于胶东半岛招．掖成矿带东部,是我国典型的超大型含金石英脉型金矿。成矿过程可划分为早、中、晚三个阶段,金主要在中阶段沉淀。早阶段流体包裹体为纯CO2型（LCO2＋VCO2〉90％）和富CO2型（10％≤LCO2＋VCO2≤90％）,中阶段为纯CO2型、富CO2型、富H2O型,晚阶段为水溶液包裹体。从早到晚,包裹体均一温度分别集中在240℃～360℃、220℃-360℃、180℃-260℃和80℃-180℃,盐度分别集中在3．4％-10．4％、3．0％-10．2％、4．0％-14．6％和2．4％-5．0％NaCleqv;早、中阶段流体盐度随温度降低而升高。中阶段第一世代石英中大量水溶液包裹体和富CO2包裹体共生,指示流体强烈沸腾。从早到晚,流体包裹体的变化记录了成矿流体性质和构造环境的演化。早阶段石英中沿X型节理发育面型包裹体群,既记录了石英脉遭受的剪切变形事件,又记录了同构造流体作用。而充填于张性裂隙的黄铁矿为主的多金属硫化物．石英组合则表明主成矿期构造环境由压性向张性转化,成矿流体系统减压沸腾、逐步开放,并导致金等成矿物质大量沉淀。结合区域构造演化和成矿时间,认为玲珑金矿成矿系统发育在应力场由挤压向伸展转换的构造背景,流体压力变化滞后于构造应力场变化,流体成分以低盐度、富CO2为特征,应属典型的造山型金矿系统。     

海南土外山金矿床流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

土外山金矿位于海南西部戈枕含金剪切带的最北东段,属于破碎蚀变岩型金矿,矿体主要分布在剪切带下盘的混合岩中。流体包裹体的研究表明,该矿床的原生包裹体主要以气液包裹体为主,含CO2包裹体较少,成矿流体属于NaCl- H2O型热液体系;早、中、晚三个成矿阶段的均一温度范围分别为240～320℃,210～260℃,180～240℃,盐度w（NaCleq）分别范围为8%～10%,4%～8%,3%～8%,具有中低温、低盐度特点。氢氧同位素测试表明成矿流体主要是岩浆水、大气降水的混合。成矿流体在演化过程中不断有大气降水的加入,导致成矿温度和盐度呈规律下降。     

Fluid evolution in the Rushan lode gold deposit of Jiaodong Peninsula, eastern China

The Rushan gold deposit in the Jiaodong Peninsula is currently the largest lode gold in China. Gold occurs mainly in pyrite- and polymetallic sulfide–quartz vein/veinlet stockworks. Fluid inclusions in the deposit are divided into three main types, namely CO₂–H₂O, H₂O–CO₂ ± CH₄ and aqueous ones. Microthermometric data show that the pre-gold fluids were CO₂-dominant (X_CO2 up to 0.53), and the total homogenization temperatures fall in the range of 298377 °C. These fluids, modified by fluid/wallrock reactions, gradually evolved into fluids with less CO₂ (X_CO2 = 0.010.19) in the main ore-forming stage, and the total homogenization temperatures range from 170 to 324 °C. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope data suggest that ore-forming fluids were mixture of magmatic and meteoritic origin. Co-occurrence of gold and sulfides implies that gold was most likely transported in the form of gold–sulfide complexes. The wide distribution of CO₂ inclusions means that the pH variation during gold transportation was controlled by CO₂ buffering.     

冀东地区东梁金矿床地质特征及成因

东梁矿区位于冀东地区宽城凹褶束东南边缘。金矿床主要产于燕山期火成岩与中元古界长城系、蓟县系碳酸盐岩地层的接触带部位,受构造、岩浆活动控制。矿区岩(矿)石地球化学分析结果表明,成矿流体中的硫、铅主要来源于深部,与深部岩浆活动有关;氢、氧同位素分析结果显示,成矿流体主要来源于原生岩浆水;金矿床成矿温度125~305℃,成矿深度1.5km,成矿时代为燕山期火山活动晚期。认为在燕山期板块构造影响下,东梁金矿床成矿物质主要来源于深部活化变质岩系,属岩浆热液型中低温金矿床。     

胶东乳山脉状金矿床成矿流体性质与演化

位于胶东牟平-乳山金矿带中部的乳山金矿（原称金青顶金矿）是目前我国单脉金储量最大的矿床,金主要产于黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英脉/细脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,乳山金矿不同蚀变带岩石和各成矿阶段金矿石中的流体包裹体有两种类型：CO2-H2O包裹体和水溶液包裹体。钾长石化蚀变岩、黄铁绢英岩和弱蚀变花岗岩的石英中含有丰富的CO2-H2O包裹体,而黄铁矿石英脉和多金属硫化物石英脉中CO2-H2O包裹体数量逐渐减少,以富水的CO2-H2O两相包裹体和水溶液包裹体为主。显微测温结果显示,弱蚀变花岗岩、钾长石化岩石和黄铁绢英岩石英中的CO2-H2O包裹体的均一温度范围为236—377℃;而黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英包裹体的均一温度为170—324℃。成矿早期流体为富含挥发份（Xco2高达0．53）、中低盐度（3．33～10．48wt％NaCl）的流体,到主成矿期逐渐演化为以含较低的CO2的富水流体（Xco2为0．01～0．05）和水溶液流体,盐度为1．23—12．55wt％ NaCl。金和硫化物（尤其是黄铁矿）紧密共生,说明金主要以金硫络合物形式被搬运．CO2包裹体的广泛存在则表明其对成矿流体的pH变化起着重要的抑制作用。水／岩反应、温度下降和压力降低引起的流体不混溶可能是乳山金矿金沉淀成矿的主要原因。     

Fluid inclusion evidence for hydrothermal fluid evolution in the Darreh-Zar porphyry copper deposit,Iran

The Darreh-Zar porphyry copper deposit is associated with a quartz monzonitic–granodioritic–porphyritic stock hosted by an Eocene volcanic sedimentary complex in which magmatic hydrothermal fluids were introduced and formed veins and alteration. Within the deepest quartz-rich and chalcopyrite-poor group A veins, LVHS2 inclusions trapped high salinity, high temperature aqueous fluids exsolved directly from a relatively shallow magma (0.5 kbar). These late fluids were enriched in NaCl and reached halite saturation as a result of the low pressure of magma crystallization and fluid exsolution. These fluids extracted Cu from the crystallizing melt and transported it to the hydrothermal system. As a result of ascent, the temperature and pressure of these fluids decreased from 600 to 415 °C, and approximately 500–315 bars. At these conditions, K-feldspar and biotite were stabilized. Type A veins were formed at a depth of ∼1.2 km under conditions of lithostatic pressure and abrupt cooling. Upon cooling and decompressing, the fluid intersected with the liquid–vapor field resulting in separation of immiscible liquid and vapor. This stage was recorded by formation of LVHS1, LVHS3 and VL inclusions. These immiscible fluids formed chalcopyrite–pyrite–quartz veins with sericitic alteration envelopes (B veins) under the lithostatic–hydrostatic pressure regime at temperatures between 415 and 355 °C at 1.3 km below the paleowater table. As the fluids ascended, copper contents decreased and these fluids were diluted by mixing with the low salinity-external fluid. Therefore, pyrite-dominated quartz veins were formed in purely hydrostatic conditions in which pressure decreased from 125 bars to 54 bars and temperature decreased from 355 to 298 °C. During the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution, the composition and P–T regime changed drastically and caused various types of veins and alterations. The abundance of chalcopyrite precipitation in group B veins suggests that boiling and cooling were important factors in copper mineralization in Darreh-Zar.     

东天山马庄山金矿床流体包裹体和同位素地球化学研究及其对矿床成因的制约

在详细的矿床地质研究基础上，对马庄山金矿床流体包裹体和氢、氧、硫、铅同位素组成进行了研究。成矿流体具有中温、中低盐度、富H2O、CO2和富Na^ 、K^ 、Cl^-离子等特征。氢、氧、硫同位素组成表明，成矿流体存在着两个主要来源：岩浆流体和大气降水来源的加热地下水。铅同位素组成分布区间较为宽广且构成良好的线性相关（R^≥0.98），反映金属物质的多源性以及地壳和地幔各个储库的混合趋势。显微温度计及气体组分间的协变关系的不一致性，排除了去气作用存在的可能性。流体包裹体和同位素综合研究表明，两种来源流体发生了混合作用，从而导致了矿石矿物和金的沉淀。     

Fluid inclusion study of Xihuashan tungsten deposit in the southern Jiangxi province,China

The Xihuashan tungsten deposit is closely related to a small highly evolved granitic intrusion. The fluid phases associated with the wolframite-bearing quartz veins have been investigated using microthermometry and the Raman microprobe; they are highly variable in density and composition. The earlier fluids are low-density and low-salinity CO₂-bearing aqueous solutions circulating at temperatures up to 420 °C, and low-salinity (2–3 equiv. wt% NaCl) aqueous solutions without traces of CO₂ circulating at high temperatures 280°–400 °C) involved in a specific hydrothermal fracturing event; limited unmixing occurs at 380 °C and 200–100 bar in response to a sudden pressure drop. The second types of fluids related to deposition of idiomorphic drusy quartz are typical CO₂-bearing aqueous solutions with low salinity (2.5 equiv. wt% NaCl) homogenizing at low to moderate temperatures (180°–340 °C). The late fluids characterize the sulfide deposition stage; they are aqueous fluids with variable salinities homogenizing in the liquid phase between 100° and 275 °C. The Xihuashan hydrothermal evolution resulted from a discontinuous sequence of specific events occurring between 420° and 150 °C and during a continuous hydrothermal evolution of the system during cooling. The role played by the CO₂-rich fluids in the transport and deposition of tungsten in the hydrothermal environment is discussed.     

黑龙江省铜山斑岩铜矿床流体包裹体研究

铜山大型铜矿床位于小兴安岭西北部,是中亚-兴蒙造山带北东段最著名的斑岩型铜矿床之一,矿体产于加里东期花岗闪长岩和中奥陶世多宝山组安山岩、凝灰岩中,铜矿化与硅化-绢云母化关系密切.流体包裹体研究表明,铜山铜矿床主要发育气液两相包裹体、含CO_2包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体.成矿流体在形成过程中经历了早、中、晚3个阶段的演化.成矿早阶段发育气液两相水溶液包裹体和少量含子矿物多相包裹体,均一温度介于420℃～＞5500C之间,流体盐度介于13.72 wt%～59.76 wt%NaCl eqv之间;中阶段为铜山矿床的主成矿阶段,发育气液两相水溶液包裹体和含CO_2包裹体,均一温度为241℃～417℃,流体盐度介于2.96 wt%～14.04 wt%NaCl eqv之间,主成矿期成矿流体总体上属H_2O-CO_2-NaCl体系;晚阶段仅发育气液两相水溶液包裹体,均一温度为122℃～218℃,盐度介于3.71 wt%～15.96 wt%NaCl eqv之间,表明晚阶段有大气降水的混入.成矿早、中阶段的流体均为不混溶流体,流体沸腾作用是金属硫化物大量沉淀的主要机制.铜山矿床形成于陆缘弧环境.     

甘肃阳山金矿流体包裹体地球化学和矿床成因类型

西秦岭造山带内的甘肃阳山金矿是我国最新发现的规模最大的金矿床。矿床受EW韧脆性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为泥盆系碳质碳酸盐-千枚岩-板岩和侵入其中的花岗斑岩脉。流体成矿过程包括：形成石英-绢云母-黄铁矿组合的早阶段,形成石英-黄铁矿-毒砂和石英-毒砂-黄铁矿以及石英-碳酸盐-辉锑矿-自然金组合的主戍矿阶段,形成碳酸盐-石英网脉的晚阶段。早阶段流体包裹体以含CO2包裹体为主,CO2含量为7．3％-21．5mol％,均一温度集中于270℃～300℃,盐度〈3wt．％NaCleqv;主阶段发育纯CO2包裹体、水溶液包裹体和少量含CO2包裹体,均一温度集中于210℃～270℃,盐度集中在〈2wt,％NaCleqv和3～5wt,％NaCleqv两个范围;晚阶段只发育水溶液包裹体,均一温度集中在160℃-210℃,盐度〈3wt．％NaCleqv。主阶段流体包裹体类型的多样性、相似的均一温度和流体盐度的双峰特征均指示流体沸腾现象的存在,其流体包裹体捕获温度为210℃～375℃,压力为85～222MPa;赋矿断层的阀门式活动导致主阶段流体系统交替于静岩和静水压力之间,成矿深度为8．5km左右,成矿流体系统发育在早侏罗世大陆碰撞造山过程。矿床地质特征类似于卡林型金矿,但赋存于蚀变花岗斑岩中矿体既非造山型,也不同于卡林型,成矿流体具造山型矿床特征。因此,阳山金矿可能代表一种新的金矿类型,建议称为“阳山型金矿”。     

安徽铜陵朝山金矿床流体包裹体研究

朝山金矿床是狮子山矿田内的热液交代型金矿床,在成因上与燕山期的白芒山辉石闪长岩有关.通过采集发育在不同深度下的含金黄铁矿-石英一方解石脉样品,进行流体包裹体岩相学观察和显微测温发现,石英和方解石中均捕获了富气相、富液相的两相水溶液包裹体和含子晶的三相水溶液包裹体,以上三种类型包裹体的均一温度统计峰值分别出现于315～335℃和255～275℃,盐度的统计峰值出现于17.50%～22.50%NaCl eq.和32.50%～37.50%NaCl eq.之间.激光拉曼探针分析表明,石英中流体包裹体的气相成分以水蒸汽为主,伴有少量CO2,可能含有CH4.流体的H、O同位素组成具确岩浆水特征.上述研究表明.朝山金矿成矿流体经历了相态变化,发生了不均匀捕获.受燕山期岩浆作用影响,狮子山矿田内的铜、金成矿在时空上具有一定联系,成矿流体运移的过程中,主要发生了相分离、气相液化和减压沸腾作用,可能是形威铜、金矿化分带的重要原因.     

冀东高家店金矿床成因:来自金及载金黄铁矿化学成分、流体包裹体和氢氧硫同位素的证据

高家店金矿床位于华北克拉通北缘冀东矿集区中部,为典型的蚀变岩型金矿床,少部分为石英脉型,赋存于高家店岩体的花岗岩和闪长岩内,受断裂构造控制。为了探讨高家店金矿床的成因,文章对其开展了详细的矿床地质特征、金及载金黄铁矿化学成分、流体包裹体和氢氧硫同位素研究。结果表明,高家店金矿床热液成矿期包括4个阶段,其中Ⅱ和Ⅲ阶段为金的主要成矿阶段。黄铁矿是金的主要载体矿物,金矿物为自然金和银金矿,以独立的金矿物的形式赋存于黄铁矿中。主成矿阶段黄铁矿Fe和S含量及Fe/S元素比值揭示金矿床具有岩浆热液型的特征。主成矿阶段流体包裹体类型以富液相的两相H₂O溶液包裹体为主,其次为含CO₂三相包裹体,属中温、中低盐度流体。不同成矿阶段的流体δ¹⁸O_H2O值为1.82‰~5.60‰,δD值为-83.3‰~-55.3‰,指示流体主要来自岩浆水,并有少量大气降水混入。主成矿阶段黄铁矿δ³⁴S值为2.40‰~5.61‰,显示地幔硫或岩浆硫特征,揭示成矿物质硫主要来自于深部岩浆。综合研究认为,高家店岩体的多期次岩浆侵入活动为金成矿提供了充足的热源及成矿流体,因而高家店金矿床成因类型为岩浆热液型。     

东天山小尖山金矿床成矿流体特征及成矿模式探讨

小尖山金矿床产于东天山康古尔韧性剪切带南缘,对该矿床流体特征和矿床成因类型了解较少。矿区普遍发育低绿片岩相变质,矿床由多条走向为100°～120°的陡倾斜蚀变岩型矿体组成,金平均品位3.11×10^-6～24.99×10^-6;成矿过程可划分为3个阶段:(1)黄铁矿-磁铁矿-绿泥石-绢云母-石英阶段;(2)黄铁矿-黄铜矿-自然金-石英-绿泥石阶段;(3)石英-方解石-贫硫化物阶段。本文通过对矿床不同成矿阶段石英脉内发育的流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温与氢氧同位素研究分析,发现矿床主要发育H₂O-CO₂及气液两相流体包裹体,从早至晚成矿过程中流体内CO₂包裹体逐渐减少,气液两相包裹体内气液比逐渐减小。各成矿阶段包裹体显微测温结果表明,从早至晚成矿流体均一温度分别为216.9～396.4℃、183.1～319.2℃与145.1～220.8℃;成矿流体盐度分别为1.40%～10.11%NaCleq、1.91%～11.22%NaCleq与1.63%～6.74%NaCleq,成矿流体属于中...     

Ore-forming fluids associated with granite-hosted gold mineralization at the Sanshandao deposit, Jiaodong gold province, China

The Sanshandao gold deposit, with total resources of more than 60 t of gold, is located in the Jiaodong gold province, the most important gold province of China. The deposit is a typical highly fractured and altered, disseminated gold system, with high-grade, quartz-sulphide vein/veinlet stockworks that cut Mesozoic granodiorite. There are four stages of veins that developed in the following sequence: (1) quartz-K-feldspar-sericite; (2) quartz-pyrite±arsenopyrite; (3) quartz-base metal sulfide; and (4) quartz-carbonate. Fluid inclusions in quartz and calcite in vein/veinlet stockworks contain C-O-H fluids of three main types. The first type consists of dilute CO₂–H₂O fluids coeval with the early vein stage. Molar volumes of these CO₂–H₂O fluid inclusions, ranging from 50–60 cm³/mol, yield estimated minimum trapping pressures of 3 kbar. Homogenization temperatures, obtained mainly from CO₂–H₂O inclusions with lower CO₂ concentration, range from 267–375 °C. The second inclusion type, with a CO₂–H₂O±CH₄ composition, was trapped during the main mineralizing stages. These fluids may reflect the CO₂–H₂O fluids that were modified by fluid/rock reactions with altered wallrocks. Isochores for CO₂-H₂O±CH₄ inclusions, with homogenization temperatures ranging from 204–325 °C and molar volumes from 55 to 70 cm³/mol, provide an estimated minimum trapping pressure of 1.2 kbar. The third inclusion type, aqueous inclusions, trapped in cross-cutting microfractures in quartz and randomly in calcite, are post-mineralization, and have homogenization temperatures between 143–228 °C and salinities from 0.71–7.86 wt% NaCl equiv. Stable isotope data show that the metamorphic fluid contribution is minimal and that ore fluids are of magmatic origin, most likely sourced from 120–126 Ma mafic to intermediate dikes. This is consistent with the carbonic nature of the fluid, and the cross-cutting nature of those deposits relative to the host Mesozoic granitoid.Editorial handling: R.J. Goldfarb     

赣南漂塘钨矿流体包裹体研究

赣南是我国最重要的钨矿产地,漂塘钨矿是赣南的一个重要的大型石英脉型黑钨矿床,含矿石英脉具有多阶段矿化的特征。本文采用“流体包裹体组合”（FIA）,这一国际上近年来提出的适用于多阶段流体活动的包裹体研究新方法,对漂塘钨矿主成矿阶段,即黑钨矿-锡石-硫化物-石英脉阶段的含矿石英脉中流体包裹体进行岩相学和显微测温研究,并运用显微激光拉曼光谱测试技术对不同流体包裹体组合（FIA）中单个流体包裹体成分进行测试。结果表明,主成矿阶段具有明显的两期流体活动特征,流体组分主要为水溶液,不含或只含少量的CO2。     

The nature of gold-bearing fluids in Atud gold deposit,Central Eastern Desert,Egypt

Electron microprobe analyses of gold and associated ore minerals as well as stable isotope analyses of sulphide and carbonate minerals were performed in order to determine the metal and fluid sources and temperature of the mineralizing systems to better understand the genesis of the Atud gold deposit hosted in the metagabbro–diorite complex of Gabal Atud (Central Eastern Desert, Egypt). The gold can be classified as electrum (63.6–74.3 wt.% Au and 24.6–26.6 wt.% Ag) and is associated with arsenopyrite and As-bearing pyrite in the main mineralization (gold-sulphides) phase within the main mineralized quartz veins and altered host rocks. Based on the arsenopyrite geothermometer, As-contents (29.3–32.7 atom%) in arsenopyrite point to deposition in the Log ?_S2 and T ranges of ?10.5 to ?5.5 and 305–450°C, respectively, during the main mineralizing phase. Based on the δ³⁴S isotopic compositions of the sulphides, they are originated from magmatic fluids in which the sulphur is either sourced directly from magma or remobilized from the magmatic rocks (gabbroic rocks). On the other hand, calcite formed from fluids having mainly magmatic mixed with variable metamorphic signatures based on its δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values. This work concluded that the gold-bearing ores at Atud deposit have magmatic sources leaching from the country intrusive rocks during water/rock interactions then remobilized during a metamorphic event. Therefore, the Atud gold deposit is classified as an intrusion-related gold deposit, in which the gabbro–diorite host intrusion acted as the source of metals which were mobilized and deposited as a result of the effects of NW–SE shearing.     

胶东三甲金矿床流体包裹体特征

三甲金矿是胶东牟平-乳山金成矿带内重要的石英脉型金矿,金主要产于黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,三甲金矿蚀变岩石和各成矿阶段金矿石中的流体包裹体主要有三种类型：H2O-CO2包裹体、富CO2包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体。早期乳白色石英中主要赋存原生的H2O-CO2包裹体;成矿期黄铁矿石英脉和多金属硫化物石英脉中的富CO2包裹体主要为原生,随机分布,气液比变化较大,常与早期H2O溶液包裹体共生且均一温度接近,显示不混溶流体包裹体组合特征;在成矿晚期的石英和方解石中主要发育原生H2O溶液包裹体。显微测温结果显示,成矿前（第1阶段）H2O-CO2包裹体的完全均一温度（Tb．TOT,至液相）为280℃至416℃,成矿期（第Ⅱ和Ⅲ阶段）富CO2包裹体的完全均一温度为210—330℃,同期的H2O溶液包裹体均一温度为253～377℃,成矿后（第Ⅳ阶段）H2O溶液包裹体的均一温度为176—207℃。成矿流体为低盐度的CO2-H2O-NaCl型热液,成矿应力场转变导致的流体减压沸腾作用可能是三甲金矿金沉淀成矿的主要原因。     

海南西南部抱伦金矿床流体包裹体及稳定同位素特征

抱伦金矿床的石英和方解石中的包裹体以气液包裹体为主,石英中舍大量CO2包裹体。成矿流体属Na（K）-Cl型。气相成分CH4、C2H6、H2S、O2、N2和心的含量反映属弱还原环境。液相成分中阴、阳离子分别以Cl^-、Na^＋为主,舍少量CO4^2-、F^-,Mg^2＋和Ca^2＋。Au在成矿流体中以AuCl2^-和Au（HS）2^-络合物的形式迁移。均一温度主要为160-350℃,属中温范畴。流体水的δ^18O和δD值分别为-3．4‰-＋9．8‰和-61‰-30‰,其来源主要为岩浆水与大气降水。石英的δ^18O值（＋10．4‰-＋15．5‰）与华南陆壳型花岗岩成因的钨、锡、稀有、稀土金属矿床一致。CO2和黄铁矿的C、S同位素反映C和S以花岗岩浆来源为主,少量来自志留系或更老的地层。综合分析认为矿床成因与印支期花岗质岩浆活动有关。     

河北丰宁大西沟金矿流体地球化学研究

笔者利用显微测温、成分及氢氧同位素测试对大西沟金矿流体包裹体参数以及成矿流体性质进行了较为深入的探讨,结果显示,大西沟金矿与矿化关系密切的石英中,包裹体可以分为气体包裹体、气液包裹体、液体包裹体3种类型,其中气液包裹体、液体包裹体最为常见.包裹体均一温度主要集中在175℃～275℃,盐度为2%～7%,流体密度为0.804～0.959g/cm3,成矿深度为1.01～2.24 km.流体包裹体气相成分主要为H2O和CO2;包裹体液相成分中阳离子以Na+为主,Ca2+、K+次之,阴离子以SO42-、Cl-为主,仅含微量的F-.石英中δO水值是2.1%～5.8‰,δD值为-87‰～-103.67‰.反映成矿流体来源于岩浆水与大气降水.通过气体逸度的计算,大西沟金矿成矿流体中金主要以[Au(HS)2]-络合物的形式迁移,混合作用和热液蚀变作用是导致金沉淀与富集的主要因素.