印支期南秦岭西茬河、五龙岩体成因及构造意义

南秦岭西茬河、五龙印支期岩体侵位于中元古代佛坪群变质岩,在五龙岩体南部发育一些暗色包体,它们和寄主花岗闪长岩界限明显或呈渐变关系。笔者对两岩体的岩石学、地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素年代学进行了详细研究。研究结果表明,西茬河与五龙花岗质岩具明显似埃达克岩的地球化学特征:强烈亏损重稀土元素Yb、Y:富集Sr、Ba,高Sr/Y和Y/Yb比值;Eu微弱负异常。表明源区以石榴石、角闪石为主,有少量斜长石。暗色包体富Mg(MgO=4.15%～8.13%)、Cr(14.8μg/g～371μg/g)、Ni(20.0μg/g～224μg/g)及轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,推测起源于地幔组分。两岩体的Sr-Nd同位素组成类似,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i=0.70445～0.70645,εNd=-1.50～-3.62,T_(DM)=1.02～1.38 Ga。结合前人的研究,笔者认为:西茬河、五龙岩体可能是由幔源岩浆底侵于壳幔边界,诱发增厚的基性下地壳达到含角闪石的榴辉岩相或麻粒岩相发生部分熔融形成的埃达克质岩浆。两岩体在部分微量元素含量的差异是由受地幔物质混染程度不同造成.其形成代表了秦岭造山带印支期后碰撞造山阶段勉略洋俯冲板块的断离作用.     

Identification of the Early Jurassic mylonitic granitic pluton and tectonic implications in Namling area,southern Tibet

A number of studies revealed that the Gangdese magmatic belt of southern Tibet was closely related to the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere and Indo-Asian collision.However,pre-Cretaceous magmatism is still poorly constrained in the Gangdese magmatic belt,southern Tibet.Here,we conducted systematically geochronology and geochemistry studies on a newly-identified granitic pluton in the middle Gangdese magmatic belt(Namling area),southern Tibet.Zircon SHRIMPⅡU-Pb dating for one representative sample gives a weighted age of 184.2±1.8 Ma(MSWD=±1.11),corresponding to emplacement and crystallization age of the granitic pluton in the Early Jurassic(Pliensbachian).High SiO2(68.9-72.1 wt.%)contents and intermediate Mg#values(35-38)together suggest that the newly-identified granitic pluton was probably formed by partial melting of crustal material with minor injection of mantle-derived magma,precluding an origin from melting of metasedimentary rocks that are characterized by low Mg#and high zirconδ^18O values(>8‰).Geochemically,the newly-identified granitic pluton belongs to typical I-type granitic affinity,whereas this is inconsistent with aluminium saturation index(ASI=A/CNK ratios)and geochemical signatures.This suggests that zircon oxygen isotopes(4.30‰-5.28‰)and mineral features(lacking Al-rich minerals)are reliable indicators for discriminating granitic origin.Significantly depleted whole-rock Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions and zirconεHf(t)values indicate that the granitic pluton was derived from partial melting of depleted arc-type lavas.In addition,the granitic pluton shows zirconδ^18O values ranging from 4.30‰to 5.28‰(with a mean value of 4.77‰)that are consistent with mantle-derived zircon values(5.3‰±0.6‰)within the uncertainties,indicating that the granitic pluton might have experienced weak short-living high-temperature hydrous fluid-rock interaction.Combined with the Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopes and geochemical signatures,we propose that the newly-identified granitic pluton was originated from partial melting of depleted mafic lower crust,and experienced only negligible wall-rock contamination during ascent.Integrated with published data,we also propose that the initial subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere occurred no later than the Pliensbachian of the Early Jurassic.     

北山北部双井子复式岩体年代学、地球化学及其大地构造意义

北山造山带位于中亚造山带南缘中段地区,连接了东西部构造单元,具有重要的大地构造意义。白山构造带位于北山南北构造单元的结合部位,该构造带广泛出露的侵入岩对于认识北山北部地区晚古生代的构造演化具有重要意义。本次研究针对白山构造带中双井子岩体进行了岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究。双井子花岗闪长岩和钾长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为284.9±1.5 Ma和327.6±1.6 Ma。地球化学研究发现两者都表现出弱过铝质、钙碱性I型花岗岩的特征,并都表现出轻、重稀土元素的分异,且相对富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素。另外,锆石Hf同位素研究表明两者都具有高的εHf(t)值(5.87~12.24),以及相对年轻的锆石Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(tDM2=510~961 Ma),表明了双井子岩体应来源于新生下地壳重熔的产物,并且其母岩浆在形成过程过程中可能受到亏损地幔物质的混染,也暗示了北山北部地区在晚石炭世—早二叠世经历了强烈的陆壳生长过程。北山北部地区的红石山蛇绿岩及白山组火山岩的研究成果表明两者都具有俯冲带岩石的特征,表明了白山构造带在石炭纪—中二叠世期间仍处于大洋俯冲阶段。通过本次研究所得数据以及相关的研究成果推测双井子侵入岩应形成于红石山蛇绿岩所代表的古大洋向南俯冲过程。     

Geochronology and geochemistry of the late Neoproterozoic A-type granitic clasts in the southwestern Tarim Craton: petrogenesis and tectonic implications

ABSTRACT

Due to sparse data for deciphering the late Neoproterozoic tectonic history, there is still considerable debate on whether long-lasting superplume-related or long-duration subduction-related dynamics dominated the Tarim Craton. In this contribution, our field investigations detail the late Neoproterozoic siliciclastic successions, and we report the first granitic conglomerates with zircon U–Pb ages of 753.9 ± 3.7 Ma in the SW Tarim Craton. Importantly, detrital zircons from the thick Cryogenian sedimentary basin also contain a major zircon population at ca. 750 Ma. Together with seismic data, this suggests a large ca. 750 Ma magmatic event in the SW Tarim Craton. Geochemically, the granitic clasts exhibit A-type granite features with high SiO₂, high alkali but extremely low K, high FeO^T/MgO and Ga/Al, and high high-field strength elements (HFSEs) (i.e. Nb, Hf, and Ta) with significant depletion in Rb, K, Sr, P, Eu, and Ti, and significant negative Eu anomalies (Eu* = 0.13–0.36), showing ferroan granite affinities. Including the detrital zircons, the ca. 750 Ma zircons have a large range of negative εHf(t) values (?19.46 to ?1.16). Elemental and zircon Hf isotope data suggest that the granites were derived from Palaeoproterozoic reworked continental crust and are probably related to crustal thinning and extension. By comparison with previous studies, we conclude that Rodinia breakup was diachronous in the outer parts of the supercontinent.     

东秦岭磨沟碱性岩体年代学、地球化学及岩石成因

河南嵩县磨沟碱性岩体位于华北陆块南缘,其主体岩性为霓辉正长岩,局部出露正长岩和少量似斑状(霓辉)正长岩,发育岩浆暗色包体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,霓辉正长岩和正长岩成岩年龄分别为210.4±2.0Ma(MSWD=0.39)和237.6±2.9Ma(MSWD=0.95),结合前人研究成果,认为该岩体是中三叠世和晚三叠世两期岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学特征显示,霓辉正长岩的σ值为8.93~11.08,K2O含量为10.70%~13.76%,K2O/Na2O值为3.87~10.35,属于过碱性岩石系列的钾质碱性岩;在微量元素组成上,富集轻稀土和大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具有弱或不明显的负铕异常。在同位素组成上,霓辉正长岩具有偏高的、变化范围很大的(87Sr/86Sr)i值和显著偏低的εNd(t)值;锆石的εHf(t)值变化于-21.6~-4.5之间,两阶段Hf模式年龄为1 555~2 629 Ma。磨沟岩体是由含金云母的富集地幔部分熔融产生的幔源岩浆与壳源岩浆混合并经一定程度的分异演化形成的,岩石中高含量的K来源于这种含金云母的富集地幔。磨沟岩体早期岩浆活动发生于秦岭造山带主碰撞峰期的局部伸展环境,晚期岩浆活动则发生于后碰撞伸展环境。     

广东龙窝花岗闪长质岩体的年代学、地球化学及岩石成因

龙窝岩体是南岭地区燕山早期具幔源组分贡献的花岗岩的典型代表,其主体岩性为花岗闪长岩,岩体中含有深色闪长质包体,锆石ELA-ICP-MS定年结果表明花岗闪长岩的形成年龄为169.1±2.5Ma,属中侏罗世岩浆活动的产物。地球化学特征上,该岩体铝弱过饱和(A/NKC=1.0～1.1),相对贫碱,富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=1.15～1.45),富轻稀土和大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Cs、Th、U),贫高场强元素(如Nb、Ti)。闪长质包体具有与寄主岩相似的矿物组合,但铁镁矿物含量及过渡族元素(V、CR、Co、Ni)丰度相对偏高,二者的主量和微量元素表现出混合成因的演化趋势。寄主岩与包体具有相近的Sr、Nd同位素组成,I_(Sr)和ε_(Nd)(t)值分别为0.70843～0.70995、-6.53～-8.89和0.70797～0.70882、-4.71～-9.24,均表现出壳幔混源花岗岩类岩石的特点。二元混合模拟计算显示寄主岩与包体成岩过程中地幔物质的混入比例分别为32.9％～40.4％和 31.8％～46.4％。通过对岩石产出构造背景及地质地球化学特征的综合分析,表明龙窝花岗闪长岩及其中的闪长质包体是在伸展-引张环境下,由幔源基性岩浆及其诱发的壳源长英质岩浆混合作用的产物。     

北山南部二叠纪海相玄武岩地球化学特征及其构造意义

基于北山南部晚古生代构造演化争议较大,本文对该区4条下—中二叠统代表剖面中的玄武岩进行了岩相学、元素地球化学、及全岩Sr- Nd同位素等研究;并对地层中的中酸性火山岩进行了锆石U- Pb定年。获得英安岩与安山岩的锆石U- Pb年龄分别为289. 5±2. 3Ma和267. 8±3. 1Ma,结合已发表年龄数据及古生物资料,明确了火山岩的喷发时代介于早二叠世亚丁斯克期—中二叠世沃德期。该套玄武岩产于海相地层中,主体为拉斑玄武岩系列;氧化物含量变化较大,TiO 2 含量中等(0. 9%~2. 53%);轻重稀土分馏不明显［(La/Yb) N=1. 6~6. 2］,且无显著Eu异常( δ Eu为0. 79~1. 19);不同程度亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等元素,富集La、Ce、Nd、Zr等元素;ε Nd ( t ) 值介于1. 4~10. 9,( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i 值为0. 703365~0. 707285。玄武岩源区为受俯冲物质改造的软流圈地幔,经不同程度熔融所形成;既与岛弧或陆缘弧所产生的火山岩有所差别,又不同于地幔柱或热点所产生的玄武岩,在各判别图解中,大多投入板内玄武岩(WPB)或洋脊玄武岩(MORB)。结合该区域其他地质资料,推测该套玄武岩的产生与北山南部加厚岩石圈的拆沉作用有关。     

北秦岭板山坪岩体锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石成因研究

板山坪岩体是北秦岭二郎坪群中的侵入岩。为了查明该岩体的成因,对该岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石原位Hf同位素研究以及矿物化学分析等方面的研究。研究结果表明,板山坪岩体岩性组成主要为石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩,花岗闪长岩内部存在暗色包体。本次研究获得板山坪石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为442.7～432.2 Ma,花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为436.8～432.7 Ma,暗色包体锆石U-Pb年龄为437.6 Ma。锆石176Hf/177Hf值为0.282 737～0.282 736,εHf（t）值集中分布在8.4～9.4之间,二阶段Hf模式年龄（TDM2）在876～832 Ma之间。石英闪长岩结晶温压分别为673 ℃～745 ℃和0.19～0.54 GPa,花岗闪长岩结晶温压分别为657 ℃～730 ℃和0.48～0.96 GPa,暗色包体结晶温压分别为680 ℃～734 ℃和0.69～1.65 GPa。综合分析认为板山坪岩体为复式岩体,两期结晶年龄分别为496～487 Ma和442～432 Ma。岩石来源于地幔分离出来的新生下地壳。     

中天山白石头泉岩体年代学、岩石成因及构造意义

白石头泉岩体位于中天山北缘边界断裂(沙泉子断裂)南侧。该岩体从下至上可分为五个连续过渡的岩相带,即淡色花岗岩(a带),含天河石花岗岩(b带),天河石花岗岩(c带),含黄玉天河石花岗岩(d带)以及黄玉钠长花岗岩(e带),其中,b、c、d和e带均为a带分异的产物。白石头泉岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该岩体侵位于早二叠世早期(295.6±1.3Ma),并于印支期(~214Ma)经历了一次热事件的改造。淡色花岗岩在主量元素上富硅(SiO₂= 74.93%~76.18%)、富碱(K₂O + Na₂O=8.07%~8.80%)、富钠(K₂O / Na₂O=0.82~0.89),贫钙、镁,而在微量元素上富Rb、F和Ga(Al/Ga比值为2217~3134),贫Ba、Sr和Eu并具强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.0020~0.0091),反映出其源区为富含白云母的片岩(或片麻岩),成岩压力较低,温度大于860℃。结合区域地质特征,作者等认为白石头泉岩体形成于相对拉张的构造背景,是中-上地壳源岩经历高温贫水熔融的产物,其形成与幔源岩浆内侵作用有关。     

北山南部早二叠世A型流纹岩地球化学特征及其地球动力学意义

北山南部晚古生代构造背景争议已久,该区下二叠统普遍发育一套流纹岩系,但尚未对其开展系统的年代学与地球化学研究。本文首次对该区下二叠统5条代表性剖面中的流纹岩进行了元素地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年、全岩Sr-Nd及锆石Hf同位素等研究。U-Pb年龄介于294. 7～272. 7Ma之间,结合古生物资料,明确其喷发时代为早二叠世。该区早二叠世流纹岩大多属高钾钙碱性系列,呈钙碱-碱钙质,为准铝-过铝质岩石。岩石主量元素Si、K、Na、Fe含量高,贫Ca、Mg;微量元素富集Ga、Rb、Zr、Hf、Y,亏损Ba、Sr等;稀土元素存在明显负Eu异常;呈现高Fe OT/MgO与10000×Ga/Al比值,这些特征表明该区早二叠世流纹岩为A型流纹岩。独山剖面流纹岩锆石具有高的εHf(t)值(+11. 4～+16. 7),Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为231～573Ma;干泉剖面流纹岩锆石εHf(t)值为-8. 8～+8. 9,Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为802Ma～1961Ma;珊瑚井和俞井子剖面中的流纹岩具有低的εNd(t)值(-4. 21～-2. 92),高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0. 7108～0. 7223),Nd亏损地幔模式年龄(tDM)为1256～1386Ma,其锆石εHf(t)为正值(+1. 3～+17. 0)(tDM2为691～1797Ma);沙红山南剖面流纹岩εNd(t)值(-2. 00～-1. 81)较低,Nd亏损地幔模式年龄(tDM)为1207～1222Ma,锆石εHf(t)值介于+1. 6～+10. 7(tDM2为623～2576Ma)。地球化学特征表明独山剖面的流纹质岩浆为古生代新生地壳的重熔,其它剖面酸性火山岩岩浆则主要为中新元古代地壳物质熔融所形成,揭示了北山南部早二叠世岩石圈伸展减薄的地球动力学背景,结合该区构造岩浆事件序列、地层学以及沉积学等其它地质学证据,认为北山南部早二叠世为裂谷环境。     

Late Mesozoic Huangbeiling S-type granite in the East Qinling Orogen,China: Geochronology,petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution

S-type granites are typical features of collisional orogenic belts and could provide insights into the tectonic process associated with the final phase of orogeny. The East Qinling Orogen, one of significant segments in the Central China Orogen, witnessed complex tectonic evolution during the Late Mesozoic. The rare S-type granites in this orogen can be used as important proxies to understand the Late Mesozoic tectonic processes. Although a few previous studies suggested that the Huangbeiling pluton in the East Qinling Orogen might be S-type granite, detailed studies are lacking. Thus, we report the results from a systematic petrological, whole-rock geochemical and zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotopic studies on the Huangbeiling pluton, with a view to constrain the timing of magmatism, petrogenetic evolution and genetic type, and to evaluate the implications for Late Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the East Qinling Orogen. Zircon U-Pb analysis yield ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U spot ages in the range of 156.7–132.2 Ma, with weighted ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U mean ages varying from 146.8 to 141.9 Ma, suggesting the Huangbeiling pluton formed during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data show negative εHf(t) values of ?21.5 to ?14.9 and two-stage Hf model ages of 2546–2131 Ma, which are correlated with the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic (3.0–2.1 Ga) meta-sedimentary rocks from nearby Taihua Group, indicating that the magma was sourced from reworked ancient crustal components involving meta-sedimentary rocks. Whole-rock geochemical data display enrichment of LREEs, Pb, Hf and Y as well as depletion in HREEs, Ba and HFSEs (e.g., Ta, P, Ti), with weakly negative Eu anomalies. The Huangbeiling granitoids are identified as S-type granites, which generated through partial melting of lower-middle crust and upper crustal fractional crystallization in syn-collisional settings. In conjunction with published information related to the tectonic evolution of the East Qinling Orogen, we propose that the Late Mesozoic Huangbeiling S-type granites might response to the complex tectonic evolution related to extensional tectonics induced by multi-directional (intra-continental) subductions from the Yangtze and North China Cratons as well as the Paleo-Pacific Plate during the Late Mesozoic.     

Ages of the Laocheng Granitoids and Crustal Growth in the South Qinling Tectonic Domain, Central China: Zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf Isotopic Constraints

The Laocheng granitoid pluton is located in the South Qinling tectonic domain of the Qinling orogenic belt,southern Shaanxi Province,and consists chiefly of quartz diorite,granodiorite and monzogranite.A LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic dating,in conjunction with cathodoluminescence images,reveals that the quartz diorite and granodiorite were emplaced from 220 Ma to 216 Ma,while the monzogranite was emplaced at～210 Ma.In-situ zircon Hf isotopic analyses show that theε_(Hf)(t) values of the quartz diorite a...     

Geochronology and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of the Mesozoic granitoids from the Great Xing'an and Lesser Xing'an ranges: implications for petrogenesis and tectonic evolution in NE China

The Great Xing′an and Lesser Xing′an ranges are characterized by immense volumes of Mesozoic granitoids. In this study, we present major and trace element geochemistry, U–Pb geochronology and systematic Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes for the representative samples, in order to constrain their petrogenesis and the tectonic evolution in NE China. The granitoids generally have high SiO₂ (66.5–78.8 wt.%) and Na₂O + K₂O (7.0–8.9 wt.%) contents and belong to high‐K calc‐alkaline to shoshonitic series. All of them show enrichment in Rb, Th, U, Pb and light rare earth elements (LREE), and depletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Zircon U–Pb dating suggests that there was continuous magmatism in both the Great Xing′an Range and the Lesser Xing′an Range during the Jurassic–Early Cretaceous interval. Seven Jurassic granitoids have (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i values of 0.704351 to 0.707374, with ϵ_Nd(t) values of −3.4 to 2.4 and ϵ_Hf(t) values of 0.8 to 11.3, indicating that they originated from mixed sources involving depleted mantle and pre‐existing crustal components. One Early Cretaceous sample yields (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i value of 0.706184, ϵ_Nd(t) value of 0.6, and ϵ_Hf(t) values of 7.0 to 8.2, which is in accordance with previous studies and indicates a major juvenile mantle source for the granitoids in this period. In the Jurassic, the magmatism in the Great Xing′an Range was induced by the subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean, while the contemporaneous magmatism in the Lesser Xing′an Range was related to the subduction of the Palaeo‐Pacific Ocean. In the Early Cretaceous, extensive magmatism in NE China was probably attributed to large‐scale lithospheric delamination. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

西秦岭金厂石英闪长岩的岩浆混合成因：岩相学和锆石U-Pb年代学证据及其构造意义

位于西秦岭南部的金厂石英闪长岩岩体内含有大量镁铁质暗色微粒包体,包体大多呈浑圆状和水滴状,部分呈不规则拉长状,与寄主岩的接触界线截然或呈渐变过渡关系。石英闪长岩中的磷灰石呈短柱状,而包体中的磷灰石则呈细长针状,反映基性岩浆的快速冷凝结晶。石英闪长岩中的斜长石发育振荡环带,核部的斜长石An低,而边部斜长石An先急剧上升,复又下降;核部与边部之间存在明显的间断,同时斜长石边部包裹有暗色矿物,指示其形成时可能有更基性的岩浆注入。寄主岩中的角闪石大多为普通角闪石和镁普通角闪石,属SiO2饱和型,而包体中角闪石一部分为镁普通角闪石,属SiO2饱和型,一部分为韭闪石、韭闪石质普通角闪石,属SiO2不饱和类型。包体中的角闪石自核部到边部,Al2O3与TiO2含量急剧下降,说明核部和幔部相对于边部形成于更高温的环境。寄主岩中黑云母部分为铁质黑云母,部分为镁质黑云母,而包体中黑云母均为镁质黑云母,在∑FeO/(∑FeO+MgO)对MgO图解上寄主岩与包体中黑云母均落入壳-幔混源区。寄主岩和包体中的锆石均为典型的岩浆锆石,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明它们的形成年龄分别为212±2Ma及215±1Ma(2σ),在误差范围内基本一致,证明二者同时形成。综合以上岩相学和年代学证据认为,金厂石英闪长岩和镁铁质暗色微粒包体是幔源基性岩浆和壳源酸性岩浆混合作用的产物,形成于秦岭造山带中三叠世造山后伸展环境。结合区域上的研究结果认为,中—晚三叠世时期的幔源岩浆底侵和下地壳部分熔融在西秦岭广泛存在。     

太行山阜平杂岩中麻棚-赤瓦屋岩体的时代、侵位深度及构造意义

中生代岩浆活动在太行山北段形成了一系列花岗岩体,其中的麻棚-赤瓦屋岩体侵位于穹窿状的阜平杂岩中,具有贫硅、富碱、高铝的钙碱性I型花岗岩特征。岩体分带明显,由边部向核部可以划分为石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、似斑状花岗岩3个相带,它们的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为126.4±2.4 Ma、125.4±2.0 Ma和126.2±2.0 Ma,在误差范围内一致,指示岩体在早白垩世期间快速侵位、结晶。各相带样品的角闪石全铝平均值分别为1.018、0.880和0.871,对应的角闪石平均结晶压力分别为0.183、0.118和0.114 GPa,均值为0.141 GPa,对应的侵位深度约5 km,明显小于区域内元古界至侏罗系的地层厚度,表明在岩体侵位之前,阜平杂岩就已经具有穹窿状构造特征。结合相关资料,估计太行山早白垩世以来的平均隆升速率为0.07~0.08 km/Ma。     

龟山杂岩的形成时代、构造属性及变质条件:对秦岭-桐柏造山带构造演化的指示

秦岭-桐柏-大别造山带是华北板块和扬子板块碰撞拼合的产物.桐柏造山带作为古生代秦岭增生造山带与中生代大别碰撞造山带之间的纽带,记录了两大板块之间从洋壳俯冲、地体增生到最终的碰撞造山过程.本文选取桐柏造山带龟山杂岩为研究对象,对其中变沉积岩、斜长角闪岩和花岗质脉体进行了岩相学、矿物学和锆石U-Pb年代学研究.结果指示变沉...     

南秦岭迷魂阵岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素特征

位于陕西省的姜家沟-磨沟峡-小岭镇地区的迷魂阵岩体,为南秦岭构造带中一个古老地块内的深成侵入体。该岩体主要由闪长岩、石英闪长岩和花岗闪长岩组成。根据野外地质关系和LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果,可将迷魂阵岩体的岩浆作用分为两个阶段:早期岩浆作用阶段主要形成闪长岩,其侵位时代为885±4Ma;晚期岩浆阶段主要形成石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩,其侵位时代为~737±4Ma。定年锆石原位Lu-Hf同位素分析揭示早期闪长质岩浆主要形成于亏损地幔的部分熔融,晚期石英闪长岩-花岗闪长岩岩浆主要来源于早期闪长质岩浆的结晶分异,并经历了地壳物质的混染或者壳幔岩浆混合作用。     

矿物成分对东秦岭灰池子复式岩体与花岗伟晶岩成因联系的约束

灰池子复式岩体是东秦岭构造带中规模最大的I型花岗岩,围绕该岩体发育大量赋存稀有金属和铀矿化的花岗伟晶岩脉,二者具有密切的时空联系。然而,灰池子岩体岩浆演化过程尚不清楚,与花岗伟晶岩的成因联系也还存在争论。本研究对灰池子岩体和其东南方向出露的黑云母正长花岗岩中黑云母和长石进行了原位成分分析,结合全岩成分讨论了岩体岩浆演化过程及其与花岗伟晶岩之间的关系。灰池子岩体黑云母二长花岗岩、黑云母花岗闪长岩和英云闪长岩形成压力相似且黑云母离子替代方式相同,说明它们具有演化关系,但氧逸度和SiO₂含量依次升高,温度及FeO^T和MgO含量依次降低,因此黑云母二长花岗岩演化程度最低。此外,从英云闪长岩到黑云母花岗闪长岩中黑云母与碱性长石Rb、Cs含量逐渐升高而Ba含量逐渐降低,说明后者分异程度高于前者。灰池子岩体为低-中分异花岗岩,稀有金属含量较低且在岩浆演化过程中变化不大,可能不具备成为东秦岭稀有金属矿化伟晶岩母岩的条件。另一方面,黑云母正长花岗岩中黑云母离子替代方式不同于灰池子岩体,其形成温度和压力高于灰池子岩体但SiO₂含量低于灰池子岩体,说明二者不存在演化关系。赋存铀矿化的黑云母花岗伟晶岩与黑云母正长花岗岩黑云母离子替代方式相同,而且黑云母花岗伟晶岩具有较高氧逸度和较低形成温度,可能是黑云母正长花岗岩分异晚期的产物。

     

内蒙古乌兰浩特地区二长花岗岩年代学、岩石成因及其构造环境

内蒙古乌兰浩特地区太平山嘎查岩体主要岩石类型为黑云母二长花岗岩。所测得的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为127.4 Ma和125.6 Ma,属于早白垩世。太平山嘎查岩体的地球化学特征表明岩体属于弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列的高分异I型花岗岩。样品(P9-48-1)的锆石Hf同位素组成显示黑云母二长花岗岩的ε_(Hf)(t)=+8.60±0.57,两阶段亏损地幔模式年龄为511~748 Ma,说明其岩浆源区主要为新元古代—显生宙期间从亏损地幔新增生地壳的部分熔融。太平山嘎查岩体应形成于伸展构造体制,该伸展构造体制的产生可能与古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆下的俯冲有关。     

Geochemistry of S-type granitic rocks from the reversely zoned Castelo Branco pluton (central Portugal)

The zoned pluton from Castelo Branco consists of Variscan peraluminous S-type granitic rocks. A muscovite>biotite granite in the pluton's core is surrounded successively by biotite>muscovite granodiorite, porphyritic biotite>muscovite granodiorite grading to biotite=muscovite granite, and finally by muscovite>biotite granite. ID-TIMS U–Pb ages for zircon and monazite indicate that all phases of the pluton formed at 310 ± 1 Ma. Whole-rock analyses show slight variation in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_310 Ma between 0.708 and 0.712, Nd_310 Ma values between − 1 and − 4 and δ¹⁸O values between 12.2 and 13.6. These geological, mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic data indicate a crustal origin of the suite, probably from partial melting of heterogeneous Early Paleozoic pelitic country rock. In detail there is evidence for derivation from different sources, but also fractional crystallization linking some of internal plutonic phases. Least-squares analysis of major elements and modelling of trace elements indicate that the porphyritic granodiorite and biotite=muscovite granite were derived from the granodiorite magma by fractional crystallization of plagioclase, quartz, biotite and ilmenite. By contrast variation diagrams of major and trace elements in biotite and muscovite, the behaviours of Ba in microcline and whole-rock δ¹⁸O, the REE patterns of rocks and isotopic data indicate that both muscovite-dominant granites were probably originated by two distinct pulses of granite magma.