漳州市耕地变化及驱动力研究

本文根据1991～2000年的统计数据，通过耕地年变化、主成分分析，探讨了漳州市耕地面积变化的总体趋势、空间差异和驱动力。结果表明：近10年来，漳州市耕地面积逐年下降，并存在区域差异；经济发展、人口增长和科技进步是耕地变化的3大因素。此外，自然灾害、政策等对耕地变化也有较大影响。     

漳州市耕地变化及驱动力研究

本文根据1991－2000年的统计数据，通过耕地年变化、主成分分析，探讨了漳州市耕地面积变化的总体趋势、空间差异和驱动力。结果表明：近10年来，漳州市耕地面积逐年下降，并存在区域差异；经济发展、人口增长和科技进步是耕地变化的3大因素。此外，自然灾害、政策等对耕地变化也有较大影响。     

绿洲耕地变化趋势及其驱动力——塔里木盆地南部策勒绿洲为例

以多年的野外实地调查资料和统计资料,分析了塔里木盆地南部策勒绿洲50年以来耕地面积变化的总体趋势、空间差异和驱动因子。基于GPS现场定位,应用GIS进行空间分析,通过建立多元回归模型,最终对该绿洲2010年和2020年的耕地数量进行了初步的预测。分析结果表明社会经济发展动态、农业科技进步和水土资源的限制等3大类因素是影响耕地数量的3个主成分,其结果将为进一步研究整个塔里木盆地南部绿洲耕地变化提供借鉴,为合理利用和保护耕地、为干旱区可持续发展提供科学依据。     

湖北省耕地变化特点与驱动力及可持续利用研究

利用1996年～2005年的统计和普查数据,对湖北省近10年来耕地数量现状及变化特点进行了详细的分析阐述;应用逐步回归法,定量研究了各经济社会驱动因子同耕地变化之间的关系,揭示了耕地变化的驱动力,结果表明:城市化水平的提高、农民建筑用地的增多、农村工业劳动力的增加以及非农产业的发展等因素是湖北省耕地变化的重要原因.最后,从耕地可持续利用角度,详细分析了湖北省耕地可持续利用中存在的各种障碍性因素.     

长株潭城市群耕地动态变化及驱动力实证研究

利用长株潭城市群近10年的土地利用调查数据及相关社会经济资料,宏观分析了该区域耕地动态变化的趋势,并用主成分分析和多元逐步回归分析法探讨了耕地数量变化的主要驱动力。结果表明,长株潭城市群耕地资源的时空变化特征显著,耕地呈现出逐年减少的总体趋势;得出社会发展因素、经济增长因素、农业科技水平的提高因素以及国家的相关政策是长株潭城市群耕地资源变化的四大类主要驱动因素;总体上,耕地面积与社会经济发展各因素间的相关系数约低于累计耕地面积与各因素之间的相关系数,说明该区域耕地减少与社会经济发展存在时间上的错位性,即经济和社会发展滞后于对耕地资源的占用。     

闽东南地区耕地资源动态变化及其驱动力分析

根据1997～2005年的耕地统计数据及相关的社会经济资料,分析了闽东南地区耕地资源动态变化趋势;利用SPSS软件对9个驱动因子进行主成分分析,揭示研究区耕地利用变化的驱动机制。结果表明：近10年来,闽东南地区的耕地数量总体上呈减少趋势;社会经济发展、人口增长压力、比较经济利益驱动和城市建设是研究区耕地减少的4个驱动因子,并进一步分析了这些驱动因子与耕地变化的关系。其结果将为进一步研究闽东南地区耕地变化提供借鉴,为合理利用和保护耕地、促进区域可持续发展提供科学依据。     

现阶段我国耕地变化趋势及其驱动力分析

在前人研究基础上,利用国家统计资料,分析了我国近20年来耕地变化总体趋势：耕地总量持续减少;耕地质量不断下降,且地区间的数量、质量变化不平衡。并采用最大似然法对多变量作因子分析,找出我国耕地变化的主要驱动力：人口的不断增长,第三产业的迅速发展,洪涝灾害的频繁发生及水土流失的日益加剧。最后针对分析结果,提出藏粮于土、加强水土保持、加强第三产业用地管理等若干关于耕地资源保护与管理的建议。     

山东省粮食与耕地问题研究

分析山东省粮食生产和耕地的历史和现状,利用灰色系统方法、回归分析方法预测２０００年、２０１０年粮食和耕地的变化趋势,结合山东省“九五”计划及２０１０年远景目标的要求,提出稳定耕地面积和粮食生产持续发展的若干建议。     

我国耕地变化趋势与对策再探讨

本文分析了我国耕地预测研究的现状和存在的问题，利用统计资料对我国耕地减少的原因进行系统分析，对我国耕地变化趋势进行了新的预测，重点说明人口城镇化和劳动化不但不是耕地减少的主要原因，而且是节约土地资源的有效对策。     

山东省耕地资源安全问题研究

构建耕地资源安全概念模型,通过对人口资源压力极值状态下的耕地资源安全需求与可能供给之间的综合平衡,分析山东省耕地资源安全态势。2004年山东省耕地总量为754万hm2,预测2020年全省耕地资源的安全需求量为747万hm2,同期各种原因将减少耕地42.5万hm2,后备耕地潜力为50万hm2。理论上可保障耕地资源安全,但实践操作难度较大,据此提出保障山东省耕地资源安全的相应对策。     

On arable land changes in Shandong Province and their driving forces

IntroductionAlmost all the provinces and autonomous regions in China have experienced decrease of arable land in the processes of economic development, population growth and urbanization. The situation is more serious in Shandong Province because of the big population and being an agricultural province. From 1949 to 1999, the arable land was decreased by more than 2 million ha in this province accompanied by rapid population growth. The total population in the province in 1999 was twice of t…     

On arable land changes in Shandong Province and their driving forces

The decrease of total cultivated area and the lower per capita available arable land resource are now serious problems in Shandong Province, a major agricultural province in China. These problems will become more serious along with the further development of economy. In this paper, based on the statistical information at provincial and county levels, the changes of arable land in Shandong Province and their driving forces during the last 50 years are analyzed. The general changing trends of arable land and per capita available arable land are reducing, and the trends of decrease will continue when the economy is developing. The result of GIS spatial analysis shows that the change of the arable land use in Shandong Province has a regional difference. Eight variables having influences on cultivated land change are analyzed by principal component analysis. The results show that the dynamic development of economy, pressure of social system and progress of scientific techniques in agriculture are the main causes for cultivated land reduction. The principal factors which can be considered as driving forces for arable land change include per capita net living space, total population and per ha grain yield. By using regressive equation, along with analysis on population growth and economic development, cultivated areas in Shandong Province in 2005 and 2010 are predicted respectively. The predicted cultivated areas in Shandong will be 6435.47 thousand ha in 2005 and 6336.23 thousand ha in 2010 respectively.     

甘肃省近30a来耕地空间动态变化与驱动力分析

通过采用主成分分析法与GM(1,1)模型,分析了近30 a来甘肃省耕地变化的总体趋势、空间差异、耕地复种指数的动态变化与耕地变化驱动力,并对未来耕地变化趋势进行了预测,结果表明:1978年以来,甘肃省耕地面积时增时减,总体呈递减趋势;各市(州)与全省耕地变化相比存在明显空间差异;耕地复种指数呈波动性上升,虽然总体水平在上升,但是耕地复种指数并不高,耕地利用程度有待提高;经济发展水平、人口因素、农业产业结构调整和农业现代化水平是耕地变化的主要驱动力;GM(1,1)预测分析表明在今后一段时间内,在影响因子不变的前提下,耕地面积将持续减少。     

基于EMD的山东省GDP增长与耕地变化的关系

本文首次用EMD方法,对山东省的经济增长与耕地面积变化关系进行比较分析,试图找出两者的互动关系,以期对山东省的耕地资源保护有所借鉴。研究结果表明:山东省GDP增长的波动周期为13年、23年、37年和55年;山东省耕地变化的周期为9年、13年、37年和55年。这充分证明了GDP增长的波动对山东省耕地周期性变化的驱动作用。到2015年前后,山东省经济增长的耕地代价性损失将大大减少,耕地数量将维持在一个相对稳定的水平,经济增长和耕地数量减少进入一个良性的发展阶段。最后,本文首次尝试建立有周期的动力学模型,对山东省未来20年的耕地面积变化进行了预测。     

Understanding cultivated land dynamics and its driving forces in northern China during 1983-2001

Based on the long-term serial NOAA/NDVI dataset during 1983-1999 and SPOT/VGT dataset in 2001, the land use/cover change information in the 13 provinces of northern China was extracted based on the analysis of the cultivated landscape characteristics at first, then the effects of human activities on cultivated land process were explored by GIS and the driving forces of cultivated land change were investigated. The conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) The constant increase of weak ecological function land as desert and cultivated land and the decrease of the ecological function land of forest and shrub were the main characteristics of the land use/cover change in the 13 provinces from 1983 to 1999, which showed the effects on the ecological adjustment function. However, such situations were changed to some extent in the 2000s because of the eco-construction policy of the government. (2) From 1983 to 2001, the Barycenter of cultivated land tended to move from northeast to southwest with the topography and transportation situations being the main influences on the cultivated land distribution. It is found that the cultivated land use intensity decreased noticably with the increase of distance from the main communication arteries. (3) The improvement of the people's living standard is closely related with the cultivated land change. The structural adjustment in the agricultural land caused by economic development and the improvement of the people's living standard is an important factor affecting the cultivated land change in northern China from 1983 to 2001.     

广东省耕地资源变化的地域类型研究

耕地资源少,一直是广东省面临的问题之一。随着经济的发展和城镇的扩张,耕地资源将进一步减少。为了因地制宜地管理和保护好耕地,本文利用1949～1996年广东省有关的统计资料对耕地的动态变化作了时间上和空间上的分析,并以此为依据将全省21个地区分为不同的类型,提出不同类型区存在的问题和应采取的对策。     

Dynamic trends and driving forces of land use intensification of cultivated land in China

The aim of this study is to establish several important factors representing land use intensification in cultivated land (denoted by CII), using a multi-dimensional approach to achieve realistic and practical cultivated land use policies in China. For this reason, the theoretical framework was first built to explain the changes of land use intensification in the cultivated land, and then the variables and index were further developed for the purpose of characterizing the dynamic trends and driving forces of the land use intensification in the cultivated land at the provincial level. The study results indicate that the extent of CII significantly increased during the period of 1996 to 2008, due to the extensive use of fertilizers, machinery and pesticide, increased labor and capital input, and intensified land use. Moreover, the principal component regression results show that the productivity of cultivated land, economic benefits of cultivated land, labor productivity, and land use conversion are the main factors affecting the village development. The first three factors play a positive role, while the last one has a negative effect on the land use intensification in the cultivated land. According to these results, the main policies for sustainable intensification in cultivated land are proposed. First, the sustainable pathways for intensification should be adopted to reduce the unsustainable uses of chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, etc. Second, the conditions for agricultural production should be further improved to increase the cultivated land productivity. Third, it is very necessary and helpful for improving labor productivity and land use efficiency from the viewpoint of accelerated the cultivated land circulation. The last step is to positively affect the production activities of peasants by means of reforming the subsidy standards.     

Spatial patterns and driving forces of land use change in China during the early 21st century

Land use and land cover change as the core of coupled human-environment systems has become a potential field of land change science (LCS) in the study of global environmental change. Based on remotely sensed data of land use change with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km on national scale among every 5 years, this paper designed a new dynamic regionalization according to the comprehensive characteristics of land use change including regional differentiation, physical, economic, and macro-policy factors as well. Spatial pattern of land use change and its driving forces were investigated in China in the early 21st century. To sum up, land use change pattern of this period was characterized by rapid changes in the whole country. Over the agricultural zones, e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the southeast coastal areas and Sichuan Basin, a great proportion of fine arable land were engrossed owing to considerable expansion of the built-up and residential areas, resulting in decrease of paddy land area in southern China. The development of oasis agriculture in Northwest China and the reclamation in Northeast China led to a slight increase in arable land area in northern China. Due to the “Grain for Green” policy, forest area was significantly increased in the middle and western developing regions, where the vegetation coverage was substantially enlarged, likewise. This paper argued the main driving forces as the implementation of the strategy on land use and regional development, such as policies of “Western Development”, “Revitalization of Northeast”, coupled with rapidly economic development during this period.     

21世纪初中国土地利用变化的空间格局与驱动力

Land use and land cover change as the core of coupled human-environment systems has become a potential field of land change science (LCS) in the study of global environmental change. Based on remotely sensed data of land use change with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km on national scale among every 5 years, this paper designed a new dynamic regionalization according to the comprehensive characteristics of land use change including regional differentiation, physical, economic, and macro-policy factors as well. Spatial pattern of land use change and its driving forces were investigated in China in the early 21st century. To sum up, land use change pattern of this period was characterized by rapid changes in the whole country. Over the agricultural zones, e.g., Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, the southeast coastal areas and Sichuan Basin, a great proportion of fine arable land were engrossed owing to considerable expansion of the built-up and residential areas, resulting in decrease of paddy land area in southern China. The development of oasis agriculture in Northwest China and the reclamation in Northeast China led to a slight increase in arable land area in northern China. Due to the Grain for Green policy, forest area was significantly increased in the middle and western developing regions, where the vegetation coverage was substantially enlarged, likewise. This paper argued the main driving forces as the implementation of the strategy on land use and regional development, such as policies of Western Development, Revitalization of Northeast, coupled with rapidly economic development during this period.     

我国现阶段土地利用变化驱动力的宏观分析

土地利用的基本竞争模型是土地利用类型变化驱动力分析的理论基础。把握土地利用个体目标和社会目标的关系,尤其是它们之间的矛盾及其地区差异,是进行土地利用变化驱动力宏观分析的有效途径。工业化城市化与粮食安全之间的矛盾、农业发展与生态环境保护之间的矛盾是现阶段我国土地利用变化的基本矛盾。土地利用变化的驱动力在空间上表现出较大的差异。本文选取11项自然和社会经济指标,分省份计算了驱动力指数。结果表明:西部地区以生存型经济福利驱动和环境安全驱动为主,而东部地区以比较经济福利驱动和食物安全驱动为主