共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)是GPS/INS组合导航系统工程实现中常用的一种数据融合方式.但EKF线性化误差在一定程度上影响了GPS/INS组合导航系统精度的提高.Unscented卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)是一种非线性滤波器,它能有效地减小线性化误差对GPS/INS组合导航系统精度的影响.基于四元数法建立了GPS/INS组合导航系统的非线性误差方程模型;最后通过数字仿真验证了UKF组合导航系统应用中的性能. 相似文献
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在参数估计中,非线性模型直接精密解算缺乏高效的方法,线性近似存在模型误差,而线性化取高次项导致模型复杂不具实用性。研究表明经典边角网可以不考虑线性近似的模型误差问题,本文以任意旋转角的非线性Bursa-Wolf模型参数解算为例,以不存在模型误差的直接严密解为参照对比,采用线性近似模型的高斯牛顿迭代方法解算非线性模型。试验结果显示,线性化取一次项虽然存在模型误差,但高斯牛顿迭代能以指定精度收敛,可获得更优于非线性严密直接解的精度,该发现对非线性模型解算的研究具有参考价值。 相似文献
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基于抗差EKF的GNSS/INS紧组合算法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出了GNSS/INS紧组合导航的抗差EKF算法,采用21状态GNSS/INS紧组合状态方程,根据多余观测分量及预测残差统计构造抗差等价增益矩阵,建立抗差EKF算法,通过迭代给出GNSS/INS组合导航的抗差解,并开发GNSS/INS紧组合导航模拟平台,通过对观测值加入单粗差、多粗差及缓慢增长三类误差,测试本文算法对不同粗差的抑制能力。分析表明,抗差EKF可以将三类粗差抑制在相应观测值的残差中,达到削弱其对状态参数估计的影响。本文算例证明,抗差EKF算法可将导航解的误差精度从dm级提高为cm级甚至mm级,导航精度及可靠性得到明显提高。 相似文献
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This paper preliminarily investigates the application of unscented Kalman filter (UKF) approach with nonlinear dynamic process
modeling for Global positioning system (GPS) navigation processing. Many estimation problems, including the GPS navigation,
are actually nonlinear. Although it has been common that additional fictitious process noise can be added to the system model,
however, the more suitable cure for non convergence caused by unmodeled states is to correct the model. For the nonlinear
estimation problem, alternatives for the classical model-based extended Kalman filter (EKF) can be employed. The UKF is a
nonlinear distribution approximation method, which uses a finite number of sigma points to propagate the probability of state
distribution through the nonlinear dynamics of system. The UKF exhibits superior performance when compared with EKF since
the series approximations in the EKF algorithm can lead to poor representations of the nonlinear functions and probability
distributions of interest. GPS navigation processing using the proposed approach will be conducted to validate the effectiveness
of the proposed strategy. The performance of the UKF with nonlinear dynamic process model will be assessed and compared to
those of conventional EKF. 相似文献
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扩展区间Kalman滤波器及其在GPS/INS组合导航中的应用 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
针对具有不确定动态模型参数的 GPS/INS 组合导航系统,首先介绍一种新型的区间Kalman滤波器,讨论了GPS/INS 组合系统中模型参数不确定性的问题,分析了惯性传感器建模中相关时间常数的区间特性,并建立了适合非线性特性的GPS/INS组合系统的扩展区间卡尔曼滤波器.计算结果表明,扩展区间卡尔曼滤波器对非线性GPS/INS组合系统是很有效的,它能给出组合系统导航误差的上下界,这对组合系统的设计具有指导的意义. 相似文献
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研究了绕月卫星自主导航方法,提出了由星敏感器、紫外月球敏感器和测高仪组成的多源信息组合导航方案。将Unscented Kalman滤波(UKF)应用于非线性导航系统,采用信息融合技术设计了相关的联邦滤波算法,实现了系统的信息互补,完成了卫星轨道的最优估计。利用数学仿真对这种导航系统的有效性进行了验证,并与基于扩展Kal man滤波(EKF)的信息融合算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明,所提出的UKF融合算法具有良好的稳定性,可进一步提高导航系统的精度。 相似文献
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Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is a widely used estimator for integrated navigation systems, and it works well in general situations. However, in adverse conditions such as partially observable environments and highly dynamic maneuvers, the performance of the traditional EKF-based strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS)/GPS integrated navigation system is easily to be affected by the dynamic changes of the specific force, thus leading to the problem of error covariance inconsistency. Though the inconsistency problem can be overcome to some extent if the system matrix, the states and the error covariance matrix are propagated as fast as possible in the SINS calculation rate, the problem cannot be fully solved. State transformation extended Kalman filter (ST-EKF) mechanization, with a new converted velocity error model for the SINS, is proposed, which can also be used to solve the inconsistency problem. In the ST-EKF, the specific force vector in the system error model is replaced by the nearly constant gravity vector for local navigation. Since the propagation and the updating of the ST-EKF can be executed simultaneously in the updating interval, the computation cost is greatly reduced compared with the traditional EKF. Experiments for the GPS/SINS tightly coupled navigation, including linear vibration Monte Carlo test and an unmanned aerial vehicle flight test, are implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed ST-EKF. The results show that the proposed ST-EKF has superior performance to the traditional EKF, especially in partially observable situations. 相似文献
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郭杭 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1999,(2)
标准的卡尔曼滤波可以扩展到非线性模型,即将泰勒公式应用于状态方程和观测方程,得到扩展卡尔曼滤波公式。首先推导了计算公式,研究了迭代计算方法,并将其用于GPS数据的实时处理。 相似文献
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提出一种联合式非线性预测滤波算法,解决该系统在姿态动力学模型误差非高斯分布条件下的多敏感器信息融合问题。从算法结构和估计准则两个方面证明非线性预测滤波(NPF)与Kalman滤波的等效性,分析联合式NPF的算法流程,讨论模型误差方差矩阵的计算方法,给出加权系数矩阵的设计准则;介绍星敏感器和全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)的定姿原理,推导星敏感器/GNSS组合姿态确定系统的联合式NPF滤波模型,分析系统的算法实现流程;进行数值仿真试验,结果表明联合式NPF算法融合NPF与联邦滤波的优良品质,可有效解决姿态动力学模型误差非高斯分布条件下无陀螺姿态确定系统的多敏感器信息融合问题。 相似文献
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在全自主运动控制的移动机器人系统中,自身位姿的估计和校正对于移动机器人的运动至关重要。卡尔曼滤波是解决移动机器人同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)常用方法。相较于卡尔曼滤波,无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)无须对复杂的非线性函数进行雅可比矩阵运算。本文基于无迹卡尔曼滤波,根据先验协方差的平方根选择sigma点,计算协方差以及加权均值。用四元数表示姿态,将四元数矢量转换为旋转空间进行矩阵运算,在此基础上设计了一种位姿估计算法——基于四元数平方根的无迹卡尔曼滤波(QSR-UKF)算法。试验将EKF、QSR-UKF、SR-UKFEKF 3种算法的位姿估计结果进行仿真分析,并通过相关定量指标进行了描述,验证了本文算法的有效性。 相似文献