用加压氰化浸出法提取金和银的工艺试验

针对常规氰化浸出提取Au、Ag工艺中浸出时间长，药品消耗大，金、银回收率低等现状，在保持原有选矿工艺流程不变的基础上，在氰化浸出环节上采用自行设计的高压浸出装置，对矿石进行加压氰化浸出提取Au、Ag工艺试验。通过改变浸出过程的压力，增加浸出溶液的O2含量，浸出时间由原来的一个流程24h缩短到45min；Au、Ag浸出率指标达到93．2％和73．0％，分别提高了19．6％和12．0％。     

废光谱感光板中银的提取

废光谱感光板用自来水浸泡，剥离的乳胶经氢氧化钠和双氧水溶解后，在微酸性溶液中加入锌粉置换出银，银沉淀经过滤和硼砂与碳酸钠的混合熔剂熔炼后得到成品银锭。采用建立的方案提取废光谱感光板中成品银的纯度达到95．4％，工艺操作简便，成本低、环境污染小。     

贵港含金银多金属硫化矿床矿物特征及选矿试验

广西贵港含金银多金属硫化矿区属中温热液型矿床。根据其工艺矿物学研究特征，采用“优先浮选”的工艺流程，试验获得了满意的指标，金、银、分别富集于砷硫精矿、铅精矿中。金、银总回收率均大于85％。     

容量法测定方铅矿中高含量银

报道了采用HNO3－H2SO4－HF溶样，KI容量法测定硅、铅含量较高样品中高含量银的方法。试验了滴定反应的酸度条件。在1．6mol/L HNO3介质中，银与碘化钾反应，生成碘化银沉淀。银的标准加入回收率为97．8％－100．4％。精密度试验，相对标准偏差为0．92％（n=11)。该法可溶解含硅银矿及角银矿中的银。方法已被用于测定矿石中高含量银。     

广西凤凰山锰银氧化矿可选性试验研究

锰银氧化矿是公认的难选冶矿石类型，在当前经济技术条件下仍属于难以利用的矿种。采用强磁选方法优先回收银锰、磁选尾矿氰化浸银的试验流程，获得银回收率达到90%的良好效果。     

广西某难选冶银矿提银工艺研究

高砷高硫银矿有害杂质含量高，矿物成份复杂，直接氰化浸出率不到20％，属难选冶银矿。采用固化焙烧－氰化提银工艺，银浸出率可达95％以上。焙烧产生的As2O3,SO2能以其盐的形成固定于焙砂中，不造成环境污染。     

麒麟厂铅锌矿银的工艺矿物学研究

笔者应用微区测试研究、粒度统计分析及物相分析等，对云南会泽铅锌矿麒麟厂矿床6号矿体铅锌特富矿石中银的工艺矿物特征进行了研究，认为银以类质同象和独立矿物两种状态存在，发现了11种银矿物和含银矿物，方铅矿是银的主要载体矿物，银的最佳回收指标为93．52％－99．20％。     

无标准石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境水和矿泉水中痕量银

在稳定温度平台石墨炉条件下,研究了银的基本干扰,测得不同时期银的平均实验特征质量为２．１８Ｐｇ, 此测定了环境水和矿泉水中痕量银。方法回收率在９２％－１０４％相对标准偏差７．０％标准物质分析结果与推荐值一致。     

伴生银矿石的工艺类型及其可选性特征（上）

根据有色金属矿床伴生银矿石中有用元素的赋存状态与分配、有用矿物的粒度和嵌布形态特征等工艺性质,提出了划分伴生银矿石工艺类型的依据,初步将伴生银矿石划分为伴生银铅锌矿石、伴生银铜矿石和伴生银钨锡矿石三大系列,并系统地研究各系列伴生银矿石的工艺特征,提出了按矿石工艺类型,选择合理的选矿工艺流程,确定或预测合理的选矿回收指标,达到提高伴生银选矿回收率,提高矿山开发经济效益的目的。     

银精矿中提取金银的试验研究

金银矿的选冶方法很多，但这些方法中绝大多数是提取金的工艺条件和技术指标。而对银只作为副产品回收来考虑。关于以银为主的选矿冶炼方面的资料，近年才见于技术期刊中[1－4].1博白银矿中银精矿试样的组成博白银矿中的银矿物以自然银、辉银矿为主，其次是银金矿、金银矿。自然银的粒度较大，直径可达0．15mm，在样品加工时，常出现大银片，最大重量达《258mg；辉银矿的颗粒也大，直径达0．05～0．15mm的很多；样品中尚有银黝铜矿。重砂淘洗的精矿中，发现有少量的深红银矿。金矿物以自然金为主，粒度为10～30pm。试验用采取含600×10-5银…     

广东陆丰黄铁矿矿床原生矿石伴生金的综合利用及其评价

陆丰黄铁矿床的原生矿石中普遍含金，含量０．３ｇ／ｔ以上者产于－１００ｍ标高以上。金在矿石中的赋存状态以次显微金为主。利用浮选－氰化浸出工艺回收这些伴生金是可行的。应特别重视浅部矿石的综合利用     

右江盆地中三叠统浊积岩系的物源和沉积构造背景分析

右江沉积盆地在大地构造位置上被称为右江印支褶皱带。浊积岩碎屑组分特征、重矿物组分特征和古流向等特征显示赋矿的中三叠统浊积岩系的主要物源区为盆地周围的“越北古陆”、“江南古陆”和东边地区包括钦防海西褶皱带在内的“云开古陆”。浊积岩的稀土元素特征、微量元素特征和常量元素特征一致显示其沉积构造背景介于大陆岛弧和活动大陆边缘之间的过渡构造环境。     

Assessing spatial and attribute errors in large national datasets for population distribution models: a case study of Philadelphia county schools

Geospatial technologies and digital data have developed and disseminated rapidly in conjunction with increasing computing efficiency and Internet availability. The ability to store and transmit large datasets has encouraged the development of national infrastructure datasets in geospatial formats. National datasets are used by numerous agencies for analysis and modeling purposes because these datasets are standardized and considered to be of acceptable accuracy for national scale applications. At Oak Ridge National Laboratory a population model has been developed that incorporates national schools data as one of the model inputs. This paper evaluates spatial and attribute inaccuracies present within two national school datasets, Tele Atlas North America and National Center of Education Statistics (NCES). Schools are an important component of the population model, because they are spatially dense clusters of vulnerable populations. It is therefore essential to validate the quality of school input data. Schools were also chosen since a validated schools dataset was produced in geospatial format for Philadelphia County; thereby enabling a comparison between a local dataset and the national datasets. Analyses found the national datasets are not standardized and incomplete, containing 76 to 90 percent of existing schools. The temporal accuracy of updating annual enrollment values resulted in 89 percent inaccuracy for 2003. Spatial rectification was required for 87 percent of NCES points, of which 58 percent of the errors were attributed to the geocoding process. Lastly, it was found that by combining the two national datasets, the resultant dataset provided a more useful and accurate solution.     

煤层气井排采自动化监测与控制关键仪器设计

在煤层气井排采自动化推进过程中,存在动液面不能精确测量、产气量精细控制难度大、间歇产水且含煤粉测量误差大等问题。为解决上述问题,设计了新型自动液面测试仪,显著提高了煤层气井动液面的测量精度,经现场验证测量误差在2 m以内;结合煤层气产量低现象,改进了小阀芯气体调节阀,实现了产气量的精细控制;参照人工计量方式,设计了煤层气水计量装置,经现场验证误差小于3%。排采自动化关键仪器的设计和现场验证,满足煤层气现场生产需求,为实现煤层气井排采自动化提供了基础保障。      

粉石英增白试验研究

粉石英增白试验研究田中凯，袁楚雄，刘奇，张明（武汉工业大学资源与环境工程系，武汉４３００７０）关键词粉石英，包覆方法，增白天然粉石英在我国是８０年代开发的一种非金属矿物原料，在江西和湖南资源丰富［１，２］。它只需经过擦洗、分级等处理就可获得３２５目或...     

A change-detection application on the evolution of Kahak playa (South Khorasan province, Iran)

Kahak salt playa in South Khorasan province of Iran, have special geomorphological characteristics by the presence of ephemeral saline lakes, wetlands, salt crusts, surface accumulations of salt and zones of patterned ground. Salt crusts in the soil surface are unique in the region and have laminated horizons in the playa soil. Soil-surface salt accumulations are dominated by NaCl and gypsum. It has been found that distribution of chemical soluble is not uniform across the playa landscape, and this result influences on the variety form of patterned ground. In this study, the percent changes in some of the chemical elements such as NaCl, gypsum and also brine extent have been calculated in the playa. Indicating changes in Kahak salt playa is the main aim of this study by using remote sensing and GIS techniques. In this paper, techniques such as spectral un-mixing, maximum likelihood classification, band rationing, fuzzy classification and correlation relationships are discussed. This contribution presents modeling of temporal and spatial changes of salinity and playa developing using combined approaches that incorporate different data-fusion and data-integration techniques for two periods of date. Furthermore, percent changes in the surface-patterned ground of the playa have been calculated using texture and pattern analysis of the PCA1. Results have revealed that, in the playa developing, chemical materials such as sodium, NaCl, gypsum and also brine extent are positively correlated with each other and the most increased changes are related to gypsum and the most decreased changes are related to the NaCl. Also changes in the amount of agricultural area in the playa-lakes margin, show low effects in the desertification process.     

Initial volatilization temperatures and average volatilization rates of coal — Their relationship to coal rank and other characteristics

Two thermal parameters, initial volatilization temperature (IVT) and average volatilization rate (AVR), have been determined by thermogravimetric analysis in argon for 38 coal samples ranging in rank from lignite to low-volatile bituminous. Both IVT and AVR are correlated with percent volatile matter and vitrinite reflectance.The IVT values increase gradually from about 250 to 445°C with increasing rank; however, a change in slope is observed in the region of high-volatile bituminous coals (from about 340°C to about 380°C) when IVT's are plotted against percent volatile matter or percent fixed carbon. The changes in slope near 340°C and near 380°C occur at “coalification jumps” recognized on the basis of changes in the optical and chemical character of the macerals. In general, AVR values decrease gradually with increasing rank for the lignite and sub-bituminous coals and for the medium- and low-volatile bituminous coals; however, a sharp increase in AVR occurs in high-volatile bituminous coals. The change in slope of the IVT curves and sharp increase in the AVR values for high-volatile bituminous coals reflect the development of new, higher vapor pressure organic compounds produced during this stage of the coalification process.A plot of AVR vs IVT reveals three regions which correspond to: (1) lignite and sub-bituminous coals; (2) high-volatile bituminous coals; and (3) medium- to low-volatile bituminous coals.     

基于RS和GIS的沙漠-黄土过渡带土地沙漠化分布与变化研究--以陕北榆林地区为例

选择毛乌素沙漠和黄土高原过渡带——陕北榆林地区作为研究区域,在地理信息系统支持下,对两个不同时期的遥感影像进行了解译,总结了该区10余年来沙漠化土地景观特征,分析了土地沙漠化空间格局的动态变化规律。结果表明,研究区内沙漠化土地形势仍十分严峻,沙漠化土地面积占土地总面积的67．7％,其空间分布具有明显的不平衡性,表现为西北部和中部区域沙漠化程度较为严重,土地沙漠化空间分布的不平衡性与该区自然因素和土地利用方式的空间差异有关。经过几十年的积极治理与改造,该区土地沙漠化过程逐渐趋于稳定。通过探讨土地沙漠化的成因,认为自然环境与人类行为的相互作用及在时间尺度上的矛盾造成了该区持续的土地沙漠化过程。     

油田开发阶段储层平面非均质性变化特征：以胜坨油田二区东营组三段为例

以胜坨油田二区东营组三段（以下简称东三段）为例，提出以非均质综合指数为表征参数，以其平面等值图为依据研究目的层不同开发时期储层的平面非均质性。分析了开发初期、开发中期和开发后期的非均质特征，得到了不同时期非均质性的变化规律；探讨了储层平面非均质性与剩余油分布的关系。研究表明，东三段储层的平面非均质程度随注水开发而变化；开发初期以中等—较强非均质性为主，开发中期非均质性增强，开发后期以较强非均质性为主；中部非均质性相对较强，西北部相对较弱；沉积微相主体部位的非均质性变弱，侧缘部位的非均质性变强；平面非均质性增强的趋势仍将持续下去。约75%的剩余油分布在较强非均质性的储层中。     

Magma mixing in the acidic-basic complex of Ardnamurchan: Implications on the evolution of shallow magma chambers

The Ardnamurchan net-veined complex consists of three rock types: a porphyritic mafic rock, an aphyric intermediate rock and a silicic rock. Pillows of mafic and intermediate rock are included in the silicic rock and contain crenulated and some chilled margins. Liquid-liquid relationships are inferred for these three magmas. The trace element data, using ratio-ratio plots, are consistent with magma mixing being the dominant process and are inconsistent with any process that is dominated by crystal fractionation or melting. The major element data, using multiple linear regression techniques, are consistent with magma mixing of high-silica silicic magma and primitive mafic magma, along with about 35 percent crystal fractionation to form the intermediate rock type. All of the data taken together are consistent with a magma mixing model with some fractionation to produce the variation observed. The simplest model is that a fractionating basaltic magma comes into contact with a silicic magma and limited mixing produces the intermediate magma.This net-veined complex may be the only evidence available for interaction of mafic and silicic melts that occurred in the Ardnamurchan high-level magma chamber before the silicic magma was lost to eruptive and surface processes. In general the chemical and field relationships are consistent with Smith's model for the evolution of high-level, magma chambers.