单基站CORS系统在胜利油区石油天然气井位测量中的应用

随着GPS技术的飞速前进,利用网络RTK技术建立的连续运行卫星定位系统已成为GPS应用的发展热点之一。通过对胜利油田单基站CORS系统的组成、功能及在胜利油区石油天然气井位测量中的应用方式及精度分析的论述,对单基站CORS系统在石油天然气井位测量中的现实意义和应用前景进行了展望。     

CORS系统在重力调查中的应用

目前重力勘探主要采用RTK模式进行测点定位,但RTK需要架设基站,且随着流动站与基准站之间距离的增加,精度逐渐降低。CORS系统能快速获得高精度的WGS84三维坐标,不需要架设基准站,弥补了RTK测量模式的不足。CORS系统已经广泛应用于测绘、国土、水利、地质灾害等领域,但尚未在应用到重力勘探中。笔者首先论述了CORS在重力勘探中的应用优势;然后探讨如何将CORS成果转换为高精度的三维国家或地方坐标的方法。通过在江苏1∶5万重力调查中进行检核,平面精度优于1 cm,似大地水准面精化高程精度最差为5.2 cm,完全满足勘探精度要求。     

关于中小城市基础地形图管理中几个问题的解决方案

介绍了一种中小城市地形图管理模式,并对其中关键环节的问题进行了讨论、分析,然后给出了问题解决方案,最后提出中小城市地形图管理的方向。     

TEQO数据预处理及其在邵阳COFS基站数据质量评价中的应用

在CORS系统建设过程中,参考站数据质量将影响区域内数据建模的精度,其中站址的选择起决定作用。本文利用TEQC软件研究了其数据质量检查的方法,结合邵阳CORS系统的建立过程,时论其在站址选择中的应用,利用实测数据表明该方法的有效性。     

犛犇犆犗犚犛在济西水源地水文地质调查中的应用

介绍了多基站网络RTK技术建立的连续运行卫星定位服务综合系统（CORS）的基本构成及其优势,结合工程实例,阐述了SDCORS在水文地质调查中的应用情况、可行性以及达到的精度,着重说明了采取何种措施才能达到其所需精度。通过SDCORS在济西水源地水文地质调查中的应用,证明用该方法能够获得满足供水水文地质精度要求的测量成果,与常规方法相比具有方法可靠、测得的结果准确度高等优点,指出了测量时应该注意的问题。     

TYCORS系统在地籍测量中的应用

叙述了连续运行卫星定位系统(CORS)的特点,并应用CORS系统建立了太原市TYCORS系统,对TYCORS系统在地籍测量中的应用情况进行了详细描述。     

水利工程建设质量监控中超宽带技术研究与应用分析

本文阐述了超宽带技术在水利工程建设质量监控中的适应性,以及超宽带技术原理和基站建设要求的基础上,对超宽带技术在水利工程建设质量监控中的应用进行了探讨。以某地区新建小型水库大坝作为工程实例,对超宽带基站实时监测效果进行分析。以期推动水利工程现代化技术的应用。     

基于广西CORS的形变监测技术探讨

广西CORS基础设施建设项目（简称广西CORS）已完成覆盖广西全境的站点建设,目前已进入系统试运行阶段。文章基于广西CORS基础设施建设所取得的成果,开展大型构筑物动态监测技术研究,并通过实例分析监测技术方案、数据处理方法,为同行提供参考。     

CORS系统在GPSC级控制网测量中的应用

简要介绍了CORS系统的发展情况,分析了GPS C级控制网测量的精度,就GPS网的布设、基线解算、GPS网平差及检核进行有益的探讨,旨在发挥CORS的优势,解决GPS控制网测量中控制点缺乏的问题,提高CORS的应用水平。     

积极推进城市污水垃圾处理产业化促进福建省社会经济的可持续发展

我省城市污水、垃圾处理设施建设起步较晚,至2001年底,我省城市污水处理率仅24％,落后于全国平均水平12个百分点,垃圾无害化处理率仅64.7％,大多数中小城市由于建设资金困难还未建设污水处理厂和垃圾无害化处理场,生活垃圾未经处理简易堆放,污水直接排放,不同程度造成了环境污染,影响     

节约型小城镇规划建设中的问题及其对策研究

节约型小城镇的建设对中国经济社会的发展发挥着重要的作用。通过分析目前小城镇发展进程中存在的问题,对节约型小城镇的发展提出了相应的规划策略。     

深基础护坡桩的设计与施工中的几个问题

着重介绍了间隔式钻孔灌注桩在挡土护坡技术中的应用方法，设计时的主要参考依据，计算土压力理论的应用原则以及施工中需注意的几个问题，为进行深基础挡土护坡的工程提供了部分参考依据。     

知识模型与知识库

本文将建造专家系统分成知识转移和知识转变两个过程。提出知识模型、知识模型域、知识模型边界条件、知识库结构等新概念。认为,建好知识模型,是知识获取、建立知识库、建造专家系统的前提、依据、基础。     

我国煤炭城市实现可持续发展的思路与对策研究

我国共有煤炭型城市63座,其中典型的煤炭城市31座,一半以上分布于东北三省和山西省。煤炭型城市的稳定及可持续发展面临的主要问题有：经济结构单一,煤炭企业普遍亏损,生态破坏与环境污染严重,下岗失业人员增多、社会矛盾突出,城市布局分散、功能弱化。实现煤炭型城市可持续发展应遵循以下基本思路：①加强煤炭资源的综合开发与深度加工;②积极探索和发展非煤替代产业;③建立现代企业制度,调整企业组织结构;④加强生态型城市建设。煤炭型城市实现可持续发展不仅要有内部动力,还要有外部支持系统、相应的政策措施作保证,如建立煤炭型城市经济转型储备基金,运用政府补偿的财政支持手段,实施产业援助等优惠政策,尽可能减低各种税费支出,尽快将环境补偿费纳入资源补偿费的范畴。     

小型空心砌块建筑墙体施工技术

某工程设计采用轻质砼小型空心砌块墙体,在施工过程中,从各个建筑细部上很下工夫,精益求精,使施工质量得到保证,本文介绍其施工技术与细部做法。     

SDCORS系统在布设D、E级GPS控制网中的应用

当使用传统的观测模式观测GPS控制点较难达到预期的精度要求时,可以利用参考站高精度的坐标作为静态GPS网的起算点进行控制网布设。以山东省临沂市D、E级GPS控制网建立工程为例,介绍了使用基于SDCORS点观测模式布设GPS平面控制网的方法,并对控制网的精度进行了分析。得出基于SDCORS的点观测模式在D、E级GPS控制网的布设中应用是完全可行的结论。     

Monitoring the tectonic plate movements in Turkey based on the national continuous GNSS network

In recent decades, the space geodesy has been applied to the areas such as transportation, infrastructure planning, navigation, etc. Among them, the precise positioning at the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations yields better view in the understanding of the crustal deformation that requires global-scale measurements. There have been numerous studies examining the data process of continuous GNSS observations in the field of earth monitoring. More recently, GNSS stations established for continuously operating reference station networks have been beneficial resources in the tectonic plate-monitoring studies in lieu of campaign-type observations. However, this requires that the Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) should be established on stable structures acting like foundations and requires investigation of the long-term repeatability time series. This study aims to introduce recently established national CORS network, named CORS-TR, covering the entire Turkey and Northern Cyprus, and to explain the process of the long-term data obtained from the network on the characteristics of the tectonic plate movement within the area. The results of the CORS-TR data process present a great potential of using continuously operating reference stations not only in real-time kinematic applications of conventional geodesy studies but also in detecting and monitoring the crustal deformations of those that are crucial in earthquake-prone areas like Turkey. Since the findings are computed from the results of the all permanent stations of CORS-TR network, this study also examines the GNSS observation quality of the network for the given time interval. One of the major conclusions of the data process conducted in the study displays that the CORS-TR stations established on the carefully selected large and low-rise existing building had been more stable than the stations on the ground which have been subjected to soil settlement since the construction.     

Accuracy and precision of network-based RTK techniques as a function of baseline distance and occupation time

Turkey established the TUSAGA-AKTIF CORS Network in May 2009. Network software and central server were updated in 2016. With this update, GLONASS message type was determined for Flächen Korrektur Parameter (FKP), Master Auxiliary Concept (MAC) and Virtual Reference Station (VRS) network-based real time kinematic (NRTK) techniques. A 64 bit central server and the Trimble Pivot Platform network software were also acquired with this update. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been a comprehensive accuracy and precision test of the new system yet. In this paper, we aimed to create empirical accuracy and precision model of FKP, MAC and VRS NRTK techniques of the updated system as a function of baseline distance and occupation time. It is intended that surveyors can perform mission planning according to the requirements of accuracy and precision using these models. Seven test points and two check points were chosen to conduct the experiment. The baseline lengths with respect to the closest continuously operating reference stations (CORS) station were determined as 5-20-40-50 km approximately. Three thousand epochs with 2-s sampling interval were obtained for northing, easting and ellipsoidal height coordinate components of NRTK techniques at each point. Assumed true coordinates of each test point were determined by static survey using the GAMIT/GLOBK scientific software. In terms of accuracy and precision, our results show that empirical accuracy model depends only on the occupation time while empirical precision model depends on both the baseline length with respect to the closest CORS station and the occupation time for each NRTK technique. The results indicate that estimated accuracy and precision models can be safely used for mission planning purposes.     

低公摊的经济 高标准的适用——南方中小城市经济适用房模式的探讨

本方案充分结合南方中小城市地域气候特点,套型设计注重可实施性,充分体现低公摊和高标准的经济适用原则。