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《Geoforum》2017
What happens when an Andean family finds gold on its land? As mining corporations rapidly claim surrounding properties on rugged terrain near Mount Mismi, a water-supplying deity overlooking Peru’s Colca Valley, the Flores family is springing into action to beat the Buenaventura mining company to the gold that might be hidden within. The global land rush has been pronounced in Peru, whose mineral resources have largely been responsible for rapid economic growth but whose profits remain restricted to a relative few. The Flores family, many of its members underemployed, are engaged in a costly race against time to constitute themselves as an enterprise, rent equipment, formalize their title, and fulfill other rituals necessary for legitimating their own effort to access what they see as their small share of Peru’s mineral wealth, against the specter of state subsoil rights and corporate power. They are simultaneously racing to seek the land’s permission, via rituals like the pago a la tierra (offering to the earth) and the provision of spiritually infused chicha (fermented maize and barley). Through an ethnographic focus on the exemplary case of the Flores property and the diverse rituals essential to extracting its prosperity, this article asks how the Peruvian state’s categories of legitimate land use articulate with a perspective acknowledging land as a powerful non-human agent with its own requirements for becoming investable. I argue that beyond a simple dichotomy between official and indigenous rituals of legitimation, the Flores’ urgent race to render land investable puts multivalent ontologies and ethics to work together. In doing so, I further argue, family members draw on years of engagement with development projects and non-governmental organizations focused on promoting explicitly indigenous entrepreneurship. They are thus forging new interpretations of identity-based empowerment that complicate any stereotypical relationship between environmental sustainability and indigeneity. 相似文献
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《Earth》2006,74(1-4):245-270
New tephrochronologic, soil-stratigraphic and radiometric-dating studies over the last 10 years have generated a robust numerical stratigraphy for Upper Neogene sedimentary deposits throughout Death Valley. Critical to this improved stratigraphy are correlated or radiometrically-dated tephra beds and tuffs that range in age from > 3.58 Ma to < 1.1 ka. These tephra beds and tuffs establish relations among the Upper Pliocene to Middle Pleistocene sedimentary deposits at Furnace Creek basin, Nova basin, Ubehebe–Lake Rogers basin, Copper Canyon, Artists Drive, Kit Fox Hills, and Confidence Hills. New geologic formations have been described in the Confidence Hills and at Mormon Point. This new geochronology also establishes maximum and minimum ages for Quaternary alluvial fans and Lake Manly deposits. Facies associated with the tephra beds show that ∼3.3 Ma the Furnace Creek basin was a northwest–southeast-trending lake flanked by alluvial fans. This paleolake extended from the Furnace Creek to Ubehebe. Based on the new stratigraphy, the Death Valley fault system can be divided into four main fault zones: the dextral, Quaternary-age Northern Death Valley fault zone; the dextral, pre-Quaternary Furnace Creek fault zone; the oblique–normal Black Mountains fault zone; and the dextral Southern Death Valley fault zone. Post − 3.3 Ma geometric, structural, and kinematic changes in the Black Mountains and Towne Pass fault zones led to the break up of Furnace Creek basin and uplift of the Copper Canyon and Nova basins. Internal kinematics of northern Death Valley are interpreted as either rotation of blocks or normal slip along the northeast–southwest-trending Towne Pass and Tin Mountain fault zones within the Eastern California shear zone. 相似文献
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屏南白水洋国家地质公园以火山岩峰丛和峡谷地貌为主,园区内地质遗迹丰富,景观奇特。为保护这些珍贵的地质遗迹免遭受自然和人为的破坏,保护地质公园措施遵循“在保护中开发,在开发中保护”的原则,在详细编制地质公园规划的基础上,采取各种行之有效的措施保护地质遗迹,使之成为可永续利用的地学旅游资源,有效地促进了旅游业和地方经济的持... 相似文献
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In response to a growing body of literature encouraging geographers to present textured, regional case studies that demonstrate how neoliberalism functions at diverse scales, this article presents a nuanced account of neoliberalism in Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. The study seeks to illustrate how neoliberal reforms to agriculture and ongoing neoliberal tourism development in the Yucatecan state of Quintana Roo intersect to create a unique regional context for migration between the state’s rural areas and Mexico’s largest planned tourism development zone in Cancun. The research presented is based on a series of in-depth qualitative interviews that took place in 2003 with rural residents and regional migrants working in Cancun. Through the employment of an experiential definition of neoliberalism, grounded in the lived experiences and perceptions of study participants, the article suggests that rural-urban tourist pole migration is the result of a complex negotiation of the region’s neoliberal landscape. The article argues that rural residents’ and migrants’ perceptions of the failure of agriculture as a livelihood is shaped relative to the perceived success of the tourism industry and better livelihood opportunities in Cancun. These widespread perceptions of agricultural failure in the Yucatan peninsula are constructed not solely in response to local conditions but rather in response to the overall regional outcome of neoliberal economic restructuring initiatives which have negatively affected traditional agriculture in the rural sphere while privileging tourism development in the urban sphere centered in Cancun. 相似文献
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旅游地质资源的开发与保护 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
信息时代尚未结束,休闲经济时代已经来临,旅游资源的开发任重道远。具备可观赏性与休闲价值的地质景观是宝贵的地质资源,不仅具有与矿产资源、地下水资源等同的重要经济价值,还是重要的旅游资源。旅游地质资源的探查、开发和保护,将继重大工程建设工程地质和环境工程的地质学之后,成为工程地质学科的一个新的经济增长点,在概述各类地质景观的基础上,提出地质景旅游风景区建立的基础,论述旅游地质资源的探查、开发和保护等问题。 相似文献
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The Apuseni Mountains constitute one of the most interesting parts of the Carpathians in terms of landscape, biodiversity
and culture. Yet dislocations are now severe and there are development threats which also require a significant response.
On the one hand there are some severe pollution problems associated with mining areas developed in the communist period which
require remedial action and the cases of Roşia Montana and Zlatna are discussed. On the other hand, there are forest and pasture
zones – especially the Padiş Plateau – which are coming under heavy pressure from farmers seeking to enhance their incomes
following the decline of mining and manufacturing which has left many households without salaries. At the same time, tourist
pressure is growing. Actions are already being taken to limit pollution damage and develop sustainable landuse practices.
There is a national park project linked with nature reserves comprising picturesque landscapes, a rare flora and fauna and
distinct geological and palaeotological formations (including fossil ice). There are major tourist attractions and with proper
management they could become part of a development programme of the countryside. However it is essential that all stakeholders
adopt sustainable practices and this means that official programmes – including the future national park authority administration's
work in environment protection and tourism management – are backed up by Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (ENGOs).
The paper reviews their diverse activities and concludes that they are making a very substantial contribution in ensuring
that the potentials of isolated regions can be utilised in a manner consistent with nature conservation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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地热资源是集“热、矿、水”三位一体的清洁资源,开发利用地热资源,可以带动并提升旅游休闲业、现代农业和服务业的快速发展.盐城市地热资源开发利用程度较低,开发时间短,形式粗放、单一.对盐城市地热资源赋存条件、分布特征、地热水质特征、地热资源开发利用现状、旅游景区建设需求、旅游市场条件、环境条件和地区社会经济发展等不同层面进行了综合分析.结果 表明:盐城市地热资源具有旅游休闲度假、商务休闲度假、农业观光旅游和综合开发示范等功能价值;滨海—阜宁一线、盐城市区、盐城丹顶鹤海滨湿地旅游区、马家荡景区—大纵湖旅游景区、东台和大丰市区以及中华麇鹿园—黄海森林公园一线可划定为地热资源重点开发区.此外,在分析研究区地热资源分布特点、开发利用程度及其交通条件、经济状况、旅游资源分布特征和发展水平等因素的基础上,提出盐城市范围内现代旅游业地热资源开发利用要形成以地热富集区和县、市区为中心并以重要风景旅游区为节点向周边辐射扩散的地热资源多元开发和综合利用的基本格局. 相似文献
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用SWOT分析模式对藏北羌塘自然保护区发展生态旅游的可行性和潜力进行了客观分析,羌塘自然保护区发展生态旅游业的优势有:高原原始自然景观独特,自然资源丰富,具有独一无二的可研究性,具有原生态的藏传文化。劣势有:可进入性差,资源开发程度低,旅游配套设施不完善,自然和文化生态环境脆弱。机遇有西藏旅游市场的开放,西部大开发和国家政策的支持,国内外旅游需求的持续增长,交通条件改善。挑战有生态旅游与生态保护的矛盾,区内旅游分割竞争格局,国内市场竞争日益激烈。认为在羌塘自然保护区发展生态旅游,优势与劣势同样显著,机遇和挑战并存,并据此提出在生态保护的基础上适度开发高端特种旅游产品,打造特种旅游品牌,构架保护区生态旅游“点-轴”系统开发模式,整合资源,走联合发展的道路,从而保障羌塘地区的持续有效发展。 相似文献
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Charles de Burlo 《GeoJournal》1989,19(3):317-321
Land is a primary resource for international tourism development. The relation of indigenous systems of land tenure and the history of land alienation to tourism in Pacific Island nations, however, is problematic. Governments of some Pacific Island nations are now emphasizing the traditional land rights of indigenous people in determining land use for economic development. Land is a key resource for the local participation of Islanders in development, and indigenous land claims are a volatile political issue. There has been little substantive research on tourism and land tenure in Melanesia. This paper examines the history of the problem of land alienation, the nature of traditional land tenure, and the relation of current land claims to tourist development in Vanuatu. Land alienations are tied to modern tourist developments, and issues of land tenure are a central aspects of political debate in local cultures. Suggestions are offered for regional planning for tourism, and local control of tourist development and land use. 相似文献
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珠宝旅游产业是现代工业和服务业发展的重要组成部分,依托中国地质大学和东湖风景区,建设武汉东湖国家珠宝旅游产业基地(“中国宝谷”)非常必要。本文提出了基地建设的总体框架设计方案,分析了基地建设背景与必要性,探讨了基地建设基础与可行性。文章指出,要在武汉市东湖风景区磨山景区南部南望山北部及毗邻地区建设国家级珠宝旅游产业基地、构筑“中国宝谷”,形成特色鲜明的旅游目的地。空间上形成“一核(教育与研发极核)一街(鲁磨路珠宝一条街)三区(珠宝创意设计与科教游览区、珠宝文化鉴赏与休闲度假区、珠宝展示交易与旅游购物区)”格局。文章认为,基地建设是国际国内珠宝文化旅游大发展和良好的基础调节有机结合的必然产物,前景广阔,对推动区域经济发展具有重要意义。 相似文献
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官鹅沟地质公园不仅地质遗迹景观特色鲜明,而且自然生态和人文景观也极为丰富,构成了类型多样、优势突出的旅游资源组合。本文针对地质公园的旅游开发要突出地质资源特色的要求,从生态旅游角度初步探讨了地质公园的旅游开发和国家级地质公园的申报。 相似文献
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四川扎如沟旅游资源开发初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
扎如沟是九寨沟的一条支流,位于九寨沟东北角偏北方向,它以其丰富的自然和人文资源,良好的区位优势,成为九寨沟下一步最具有开发价值的区域。详细阐述了扎如沟现有的资源优势,提出了统一规划,分步实施,突出特色,突出主题,实施品牌战略,开发与保护并重的资源开发总体思路,并给出了一系列切实可行的旅游产品设计方案。 相似文献
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Omkar M. Shrestha Achyuta Koirala Jörg Hanisch Klaus Busch Martin Kerntke Stefan Jäger 《GeoJournal》1999,49(2):165-172
An engineering and environmental geological map of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal has been elaborated within a project of German-Nepalese
cooperation. In the Kathmandu Valley, the major geo-environmental problems arise from haphazard exploitation of geologic resources,
local landslide zones, severe problems of garbage disposal, river flooding and a dramatic river pollution. The map was prepared
by the use of GIS techniques. It contains all basic geological and environmental data, as geotechnical risk zones (landslide-prone
areas or those of poor foundation conditions), areas for preferable extraction of construction material and those not to be
allowed to be exploited, areas of immediate need of reforestation in order to prevent landslide or badland development, groundwater
protection zones, and suitable garbage disposal sites.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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以乡镇为基本单元,通过乡镇组别人均GDP差异、泰尔指数和分离系数探讨近10年来(2006-2015年)岩溶山区县级成熟型资源城市四川省兴文县经济发展空间差异及演化.结果表明:近10年来该县乡镇间人均GDP的绝对与相对差异、泰尔指数(由0.1088上升到0.1697,上升了55.97%)和乡镇组别间分离系数(由2.4041上升到2.8414)均持续上升,经济发展差异呈增大趋势.乡镇组别内经济差异比乡镇组别间差异大(对总体差异的平均贡献率分别为70.43%和29.51%),而乡镇组别间经济差异的上升幅度(76.21%)高于乡镇组别内的上升幅度(47.94%).乡镇组别泰尔指数均值排序为:矿业组(0.2370)>工业组(0.0624)>旅游与矿业组(0.0581)>农业组(0.0108),工业、矿业和农业等乡镇组别的泰尔指数分别上升了193.13%、27.69%和20.18%,而旅游与矿业组则下降了30.95%.经济发展过度依赖资源、工业园区建设、宏观经济影响、旅游开发单一、农业整体滞后且不均衡等是该县经济发展空间差异及演化的主要原因.今后应实施多元产业综合发展、各类乡镇因地制宜实施差异化发展、注重经济发展与环境保护的协调统一等策略. 相似文献
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岩溶地区旅游生态安全评价及趋势分析——以广西为例 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
岩溶地区拥有丰富的旅游资源,但是生态环境相对脆弱,根据岩溶地区旅游发展的特点,以"压力-状态-响应"(PSR)模型为基础,同时从生态安全的概念出发,涵盖生态风险、生态健康和生态足迹指标,建立了岩溶地区旅游生态安全评价指标体系。调整的主要指标包括:土地压力指标、旅游经济密度、年平均气温和年平均降雨量指标、旅游空间密度、游客密度指数、旅游收入指标等。采用综合指数法和熵权法,分别引入2012年和2007年两年的数据,对广西岩溶地区旅游生态安全的现状、发展趋势及变化趋势的内在原因进行了分析。实证结果表明:(1)从现状评价看,2007、2012年广西岩溶地区旅游生态安全水平总体较低,处于安全级别的城市主要位于广西中部区域,其他城市则处于不安全级别;(2)从影响指标看,经济状态和旅游生态状态对当地的旅游生态安全影响较大;(3)从变化趋势看,广西岩溶地区旅游生态安全状态逐渐好转,广西中部地区保持安全状态,紧邻广西中部地区的地市处于持续危险区域,但综合指数呈上升趋势;梧州和贵港两个位于广西东部的城市同样处于持续危险区域,但是旅游生态安全综合指数呈小幅下降趋势;(4)旅游生态安全状态和趋势与岩溶分布没有显著的相关关系。 相似文献
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黄龙牟尼沟景区旅游资源特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
牟尼沟景区为世界自然遗产黄龙景区的重要组成部份。区内旅游资源丰富,类型多样,景观品位高,且交通可达性较强,能满足游客旅游行为的较高层次需求。本文将其划分为6个基本类型,并进行了重点景观特征描述,为景区旅游资源规划、开发与保护提供了依据。 相似文献