团结沟金矿氧氢同位素组成特征与成矿关系的研究

氢氧同位素研究表明团结沟金矿成矿热液水主要为大气降水来源,成矿W/R值较小(0.05～0.15)。通过对东露采区蚀变岩石的系统采样和氧同位素分析,获得氧同位素平面等值线趋势图,指示出矿体与高~(18)O蚀变花岗斑岩有密切关系。利用大气降水二阶段理想演化定性解释了高~(18)O蚀变岩石成因。一个浅钻岩心的氧同位素组成向深部具明显升高趋势,指示金矿主矿体还在深部。     

福建紫金山铜金矿床氢氧同位素组成特征及与成矿关系的研究

福建紫金山铜金矿床氢氧同位素研究结果表明,蚀变矿化作用过程中（由早期至晚期）大气降水渗入量增加,并呈阶段性演化,成矿W／R比值较小（0．05～0．2）。蚀变岩石（3线）氧同位素剖面变化表明,上部金矿体与高δ18O值（12‰～15‰）对应,下部铜矿体以低δ18O值为成矿富集中心。他变岩石δ18O值可作为该区勘查找矿的一种有效手段。     

江西银山多金属矿床水—岩反应及成矿流体来源的讨论

本文以银山矿床的地质地球化学特征为依据，以水－岩反应及其同位素交换为出发点，对前人关于该矿床成矿流体主要来自岩浆水的结论提出质疑。根据流体和蚀变岩石的氧同位素组成进行了水－岩氧同位素交换的反演计算，表明银山矿床成矿流体应来源于大气降水，是大气降水在深处较高温度和低Ｗ／Ｒ比值下与千枚岩之间发生的水－岩反应的产物。岩浆活动主要为成矿作用提供了热源。     

江西角山多金属矿床水—岩反应及成矿流体来源的讨论

本文以银山矿床的地质地球化学特征为依据，以水－岩反应及其同位素交换为出发点，对前人关于该矿床成矿流体主要来自岩浆水的结论提出质疑。根据流体例和蚀变岩石的氧同位素组成进行了水－岩氧同位素交换的反演计算，表明银山矿床成矿流体应来源于大气降水，是大气降水在深处较高温度和低Ｗ／Ｒ幽会下与千枚岩之间发生的水－岩反应的产物。岩浆活动主要为成矿作用提供了热源。     

内蒙古额仁陶勒盖银矿水-岩相互作用及矿石沉淀氢氧同位素研究

该文系统分析了内蒙古额仁陶勒盖银矿石英、蚀变岩石的氢氧同位素组成，蚀变岩石δ18O 和 δD值分别为5.2‰到-7.3‰和-133‰到-155‰之间。矿物包体的δD值为-141‰到-147‰之间。很低的δ18O 和 δD值，暗示出是大所降水-岩石交换体系中形成的成矿流体。脉石英的δ18O值与蚀变岩石的δ18O值相比，前者普遍低于后者，因而暗示可能存在两期成矿流体。     

辽宁小佟家堡子金矿床成矿流体特征及来源讨论

小佟家堡子金矿床地处辽宁青城子矿田东南部,为一大型蚀变岩型矿床。矿床产于辽河群大石桥组三段白云石大理岩中,矿体呈层状、似层状产出。矿床由热液叠加改造作用形成,历经石英-黄铁矿、石英-碳酸盐两个阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,该矿床成矿流体属中低温、低盐Na Cl-H2O型体系热液。碳氢氧同位素地球化学的研究表明,石英-黄铁矿阶段成矿流体氧同位素δ18O组成在15.2‰~18.4‰,碳同位素δ13CV-PDB组成在-7.4‰~-13.2‰,氢同位素δD组成为-89.3‰~-92.2‰,反应该阶段成矿流体主要来自岩浆水并伴有少量的大气降水。石英-碳酸盐阶段成矿流体氧同位素δ18O组成在17‰~17.8‰,碳同位素δ13CV-PDB组成在-12.3‰~-13.5‰,氢同位素组成δD为-87.7‰~-90.4‰,表明该阶段成矿流体主要来自大气降水。     

石英流体包裹体大气氩示踪初探

60年代中期,Craig首先应用H、O同位素地球化学示踪技术,论证Salton湖地热含矿卤水(可达300℃以上)与红海深海槽含矿热卤水(约60℃),分别和当地地表水与红海海水有成因联系。此后,对热液矿床成矿流体的H、O同位素研究,不仅证实了大气降水、海水热液成矿作用的广泛存在,提出既有高W/R(水/岩)比值体系,也有低W/R比值体系,而且对水—岩体系岩石H、O同位素组成研究后,发现了一批与大气降水成矿作用有关的低~(18)O蚀变岩石。     

福建紫金 山矿床流体运移—反应模式及其氧同位素示踪研究

根据紫金山矿床不同位置和深度的蚀变岩石氧同位素组成变化特征,以及流体氢氧同位素和包裹体测量数据,讨论了成矿流体的来源及运移－反应机制。认为该矿床主要由大气降水的环流形成。     

热液体系氢、氧同位素分馏机制及其地质意义

探讨了热液体系氢、氧同位素地球化学行为及其与水/岩交换同位素分馏的内在关系。有效W/R值是除温度条件外,另一控制蚀变岩石和热液水氢、氧同位素组成变化的因素。此外还根据数个矿区成矿热液水和蚀变岩石氢、氧同位素组成及变化特征对水/岩交换和W/R值的应用及地质意义展开讨论。最后提出热液体系中大气降水和岩浆热液水氢、氧同位素组成演化模式简图。     

广西大气降水热液矿床稳定同位素特征及其找矿评价

广西大气降水热液矿床在泗顶，北山，老厂等铅锌矿；寺村等重晶石矿，益兰等汞矿；金牙，高龙等超微粒型金矿，金山等银矿，这类矿床稳定同位素主要特征是：成矿流体的氢同位素组成严格受地理位置制约，δＤＨ２Ｏ值显示比较稳定，而蚀变岩石的δ＾１８Ｏ值低于未蚀变岩石的δ＾１８Ｏ值，在δＤＨ２Ｏ－δ＾１８ＯＨ２Ｏ关系图上，其投影点绝大部分位于大气降水线上或附近，碳同位素在空间上表现为从围岩→蚀变围岩→矿体，δ＾１３     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

Paleomagnetic implications on the evolution of the tethys belt from the atlantic ocean to the pamirs since the triassic

We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.