共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
ATOVS 不同卫星资料在台风模拟中的同化试验研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
利用美国国家大气研究中心(NCAR)开发的中尺度模式WRF(ARW)V3.2 及其三维变分同化系统WRF-3DVAR,以1011 号超强台风“ 凡亚比” 为个例,采用连续循环同化的方法对ATOVS 卫星资料进行同化试验,探讨了同化ATOVS 不同卫星资料对“ 凡亚比” 模拟的影响。结果表明,强度影响方面:同化ATOVS不同资料均可有效改善台风强度,台风中心海平面气压平均偏差从42 hPa 下降到18 hPa,但不同资料间的差异并不显著,平均在6 hPa 以内,这表明仅同化ATOVS 资料对台风强度的改善相对有限。路径影响方面:(1)不同卫星的同一种传感器资料效果略有不同,同化NOAA-18 和NOAA-15 的AMSU-A 资料效果较好,NOAA-16 的AMSU-A 效果较差;同化NOAA-15 和NOAA-16 的AMSU-B 资料效果相当,且均优于AMSU-A 资料。(2) 同一颗卫星不同传感器资料的差异较大,同化AMSU-B 资料的改善较为明显,HIRS-3 次之,AMSU-A较差,而同时同化不同资料并没有带来更为明显的改善。(3) 同时同化多颗卫星ATOVS 资料的试验表明,将多种资料引入到同化系统的同时,也带来相应的累积误差,因而仅同化一颗卫星可能比同时同化两颗或三颗卫星ATOVS 资料的效果要好。 相似文献
2.
台风暴雨数值预报中ATOVS资料的变分同化试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用ATOVS卫星辐射率资料和NCEP资料,采用中尺度数值模式WRF(V3.3)及其同化系统WRF-3DVar,设计了几组同化试验方案,对由0908号台风"莫拉克"导致的台湾南部2009年8月8—9日特大暴雨过程进行数值预报。结果表明,直接同化ATOVS辐射率资料对初始温度场、湿度场和风场均有较明显的改善,其中连续循环同化试验的改善效果最显著,同化后初始场增加了暴雨中心上空对流不稳定性,同时风场也表现出更强的低层辐合、高层辐散的中尺度特征。对比不同的辐射率资料发现,同化MHS资料对湿度场改进效果较好,同化AMSUA资料对温度场和风场改进效果较好,同时同化MHS和AMSUA资料改进效果整体上要好于前两者。在对降水预报定量检验中,同化试验的整体评分要高于控制试验,特别是降水临界值超过300 mm后评分提高最为显著。连续循环同化试验对这次台风暴雨的预报与实况最为接近。 相似文献
3.
IMPACTS OF ATOVS DATA ASSIMILATION ON PREDICTION OF A RAINSTORM OVER SOUTHEAST CHINA 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Using the Advanced Research WRF (ARW WRF) model and the Gridpoint Statistical
Interpolation (GSI) three-dimensional variational analysis (3DVAR) system, the impact of assimilating
ATOVS (Advanced TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) radiance through the prototype Community
Radiative Transfer Model (pCRTM) is evaluated on the forecasting of a heavy rainstorm occurring over the
central Guangdong province in the southeast of China on 20-21 June 2005. A pair of comparison
experiments (NODA and DA) for this case is conducted with multiple configurations, including nesting
domains with 4-km and 12-km grid distances. The results showed that by changing the initial condition
through data assimilation, a modified divergence and moisture field with the structure of dipoles has been
added to the axis of the rainband with a southwest-northeast orientation. When more moisture carried by a
southwesterly low level jet (LLJ) was converged into the northeast portion of the rainband around the
observatory station of Longmen, the amplitude of moisture static energy (MSE) increased substantially at
low levels much more than at middle levels, resulting in the enlarging of differences in MSE between 500
hPa and 850 hPa; the atmosphere became more unstable. Consequently, the convective rainfall increased in
the northeast part of the province around the Longmen station, which was consistent with the observed
distribution of rainfall. 相似文献
4.
China’s new generation of polar-orbiting meteorological satellite FY-3A was successfully launched on May 26,2008,carrying microwave sounding devices which had similar performance to ATOVS of NOAA series.In order to study the application of microwave sounding data in numerical prediction of typhoons and to improve typhoon forecasting,we assimilated data directly for numerical forecasting of the track and intensity of the 2009 typhoon Morakot(0908)based on the WRF-3DVar system.Results showed that the initial fields of the numerical model due to direct assimilation of FY-3A microwave sounding data was improved much more than that due to assimilation of conventional observations alone,and the improvement was especially significant over the ocean,which is always without conventional observations.The model initial fields were more reasonable in reflecting the initial situation of typhoon circulation as well as temperature and humidity conditions,and typhoon central position at sea was also adjusted.Through direct 3DVar assimilation of FY-3A microwave data,the regional mesoscale model improves the forecasting of typhoon track.Therefore,the FY-3A microwave data could efficiently improve the numerical prediction of typhoons. 相似文献
5.
6.
FY-3A微波资料在“莫拉克”台风预报中的同化试验 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
我国新一代极轨气象卫星FY-3A于2008年5月26日发射成功,携带的微波垂直探测仪与NOAA系列卫星的ATOVS性能相似。为研究微波垂直探测仪资料在台风数值预报中的作用,实现我国FY-3A卫星的微波探测资料的直接同化,达到改进台风预报的目的,利用FY-3A微波探测资料,以WRF-3DVar系统为基础,针对2009年第8号台风"莫拉克"路径和强度预报,开展数值预报直接同化技术研究。试验结果表明,直接同化FY-3A微波资料对数值模式初始场改进要优于仅仅同化常规观测资料,对缺乏观测资料的海洋上改进尤为明显,模式初始场更加合理地反映海上台风环流形势以及温湿条件,海上台风的模式初始位置也得到了校正;经过FY-3A微波资料三维变分直接同化后,区域中尺度模式对台风路径预报效果具有积极的改善作用。 相似文献
7.
为有效引入"流依赖"的背景场误差协方差,同时降低集合预报带来的计算量,尝试通过优选与同化时刻天气形势更相似的历史预报样本,并结合预报过程中的时间滞后样本,将两种样本引入集合-变分混合同化系统中,构建基于优选历史预报样本和时间滞后样本的集合-变分混合同化方案。单点观测理想试验表明,优选历史预报样本结合时间滞后样本,既能够缓解样本不足所导致的采样误差,又能够为同化系统提供"流依赖"的背景场误差协方差。连续一周的循环同化及预报试验结果显示,相较于ERA5资料和探空资料,三维变分方案整体表现稍差,样本组合混合同化方案分析场和预报场的均方根误差最小,且比仅用时间滞后样本的混合同化方案有所改进;降水评分整体也表现最优,尤其对中雨和暴雨的模拟改进较明显,较好地模拟出了强降水中心的强度和位置,且改善了降水过报的问题。 相似文献
8.
利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecast)模式及WRFDA(WRF model data assimilation system)系统,针对2017年台风“天鸽”个例通过同化雷达径向速度(Vr)和反射率因子(RF),研究水凝物控制变量的雷达资料同化对台风分析预报的影响。研究表明:雷达径向速度的直接同化有效地改进了模式初始场中台风涡旋区的中小尺度信息,分析场中产生了气旋性的风场增量,对模式背景场中的台风有显著增强作用。通过在传统控制变量中扩展针对水凝物的控制变量可有效地同化雷达反射率因子资料,对初始场的水物质进行调整,并对随后确定性预报的台风路径和强度都有一定的正效果。此外,相比没有水凝物控制变量的雷达同化试验,加入了水凝物控制变量的雷达资料同化试验降水预报效果更好。这为将我国近海的地基多普勒天气雷达用于台风初始化分析和预报提供了一定的技术支撑和保障。 相似文献
9.
应用ATOVS资料和非对称Bogus资料对登陆台风韦帕的4DVAR数值模拟分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
前人研究中BDA方法采用的轴对称Bogus台风不能反映个别台风具体特征并弃掉了背景场的合理成分,也没有考虑大环境场的影响及湿热要素的同化。因此,提出一种充分融合分析场信息和实际观测信息并考虑副高影响的精细非对称台风Bogus方法,并在MM5的伴随同化系统中引入快速辐射传输模式RTTOV8,通过四维变分同化(4DVAR)技术,加入海面风场和气压场Bogus资料及多颗卫星多条轨道上的ATOVS红外和微波卫星辐射亮温资料并考虑Noah陆面过程方案来对登陆台风韦帕进行数值模拟,结果表明,单独同化海面Bogus资料的BDA方案可间接产生初始场非对称三维环流结构和暖心结构,但对湿度场及台风周围大环境场的调整不足,台风登陆后的路径预报改善也不明显;引入陆面过程方案弥补了Bogus资料对台风登陆后路径预报的不足;加入ATOVS资料能对湿度场及台风周围环境场做出调整,重构了大量中尺度结构信息,取得更为精细的初始台风环流和温压湿场结构,保持BDA方案路径及强度预报的优势的同时,使预报的降水强度增加,降水落区发生改变。 相似文献
10.
11.
利用华南精细数值天气预报模式,设计了无同化资料(CTRL)、同化雷达反演水汽(EXP1)以及同化雷达反演水汽、地面和探空资料(EXP2)三个试验,对2017年登陆广东沿海的四个台风降水预报与路径预报进行模拟,以评估资料同化对登陆台风短期降水预报、路径预报的影响。分析结果如下:雷达反演水汽同化后对未来24小时降水预报技巧均有正的改善,对台风路径预报影响不大;在此基础上同化地面、探空资料后对台风路径预报有改进,对降水预报改进不明显(与EXP1比)。通过诊断分析台风“玛娃”,发现模式初值场水汽的增量配合对流上升区有利于短时间内成云致雨,从而提高短时降水预报;地面及探空资料同化有利于登陆台风的短时路径预报。 相似文献
12.
A hybrid GSI (Grid-point Statistical Interpolation)-ETKF (Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter) data assimilation system has been recently developed for the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model and tested with simulated observations for tropical cyclone (TC) forecast. This system is based on the existing GSI but with ensemble background information incorporated. As a follow-up, this work extends the new system to assimilate real observations to further understand the hybrid scheme. As a first effort to explore the system with real observations, relatively coarse grid resolution (27 km) is used. A case study of typhoon Muifa (2011) is performed to assimilate real observations including conventional in-situ and satellite data. The hybrid system with flow-dependent ensemble covariance shows significant improvements with respect to track forecast compared to the standard GSI system which in theory is three dimensional variational analysis (3DVAR). By comparing the analyses, analysis increments and forecasts, the hybrid system is found to be potentially able to recognize the existence of TC vortex, adjust its position systematically, better describe the asymmetric structure of typhoon Muifa and maintain the dynamic and thermodynamic balance in typhoon initial field. In addition, a cold-start hybrid approach by using the global ensembles to provide flow-dependent error is tested and similar results are revealed with those from cycled GSI-ETKF approach. 相似文献
13.
14.
Assimilating satellite radiances into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models has become an important approach to increase the accuracy of numerical weather forecasting. In this study, the assimilation technique scheme was employed in NOAA’s STMAS (Space-Time Multiscale Analysis System) to assimilate AMSU-A radiances data. Channel selection sensitivity experiments were conducted on assimilated satellite data in the first place. Then, real case analysis of AMSU-A data assimilation was performed. The analysis results showed that, following assimilating of AMSU-A channels 5–11 in STMAS, the objective function quickly converged, and the channel vertical response was consistent with the AMSU-A weighting function distribution, which suggests that the channels can be used in the assimilation of satellite data in STMAS. With the case of the Typhoon Morakot in Taiwan Island in August 2009 as an example, experiments on assimilated and unassimilated AMSU-A radiances data were designed to analyze the impact of the assimilation of satellite data on STMAS. The results demonstrated that assimilation of AMSU-A data provided more accurate prediction of the precipitation region and intensity, and especially, it improved the 0–6h precipitation forecast significantly. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
基于雷达资料同化的2003年7月一次暴雨过程的数值模拟及分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
利用我国CINRAD/SA多普勒雷达资料与中尺度模式ARPS的资料分析系统ADAS,对初始场进行调整,然后利用高分辨率的中尺度模式WRF对2003年7月4-5日的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟,在模拟结果可信的前提下,对暴雨过程中的中尺度对流系统(MCS)的结构及演变过程进行了分析.表明:多普勒雷达资料有助于提高暴雨模拟的精确度,利用其对中尺度系统进行高分辨率数值模拟,可以进一步认识中尺度系统的细致结构及演变情况;在中-β对流系统发展的过程中,大尺度环境场的有利条件可以对其发展起到促进作用,但具有中尺度特征的水汽条件、上升运动等因素也会起到关键的作用;中-β对流系统中可以同时有一支或多支的上升气流支出现,与降水有密切关系;2003年7月4-5日的两个中-β对流系统在发展过程中有从低空向高空移动的现象,即在发展初期,系统的中心位于低空,而在其旺盛时期则移至高空. 相似文献
18.
基于全球集合预报系统(GEFS)资料,利用WRF中尺度模式及GEFS动力降尺度获取区域集合预报初值场,通过对同化后的分析场进行模式积分实现华南前汛期区域集合预报。对2019年6月10日的一次华南前汛期暴雨过程进行不同同化方案的试验:混合同化(Hybrid)、三维变分(3Dvar)、集合卡尔曼滤波(EnKF)和对比试验(Ctrl)四组试验的对比分析,探讨具有不同背景误差协方差矩阵的同化方案对区域集合预报集合扰动和集合离散随时间演变特征的影响,评估不同试验的降水模拟效果。(1) Hybrid对模式初始场有较好的改善作用,而3DVar和EnKF对初始场的改善作用不明显。(2) 对风场、温度场和湿度场,在前期预报中Hybrid的预报误差小于3DVar和EnKF,在中后期的预报中,3DVar和EnKF的预报误差得到改善,且好于Hybrid。同样,集合扰动能量,Hybrid和Ctrl在前期预报发展好于3DVar和EnKF,而在中后期的预报3DVar和EnKF好于Hybrid和Ctrl。(3) 从24 h累积降水评分中,整体上同化试验好于Ctrl,3DVar和EnKF好于Hybrid,且3DVar对大中雨级别的降水评分较好,而EnKF对暴雨以上级别的降水评分较好。(4) 对于集合统计检验分析,同化试验的AUC值都大于Ctrl的AUC值,24 h累积降水量阈值在10~100 mm的AUC值,3DVar最好;而125 mm阈值的AUC值,EnKF最好。 相似文献
19.
模式误差对变分同化过程影响的数值研究 总被引:11,自引:6,他引:11
本文利用浅水方程模式,对变分四维同化过程中模式中误差的影响进行了数值模拟实验,实验显示了模式误差被“混淆”入初始场的现象,在一些模式变量无观测时,这种混淆的后果更为严重。 相似文献