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原子荧光光度法测定土壤样品中砷的不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过原子荧光光度法对土壤样品中砷重复测定6次,计算实验标准差,同时对测试过程系统效应产生的不确定度分量进行评估,从而评定其不确定度。 相似文献
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采用《测量不确定度评定与表示指南》,以等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中的稀土元素铈为例,对测定结果进行不确定度评定。分析了不确定度的重要来源,包括溶液制备过程中引入的不确定度、样品称量引入的不确定度、标准物质外标法测量不确定度及仪器重复测定的不确定度。提供了引入不确定度各参数的采集和计算方法,对各不确定度分量进行分析计算,最后合成标准不确定度,通过乘以95%概率下的扩展因子2,获得测量结果的扩展不确定度。 相似文献
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建立了ICP-MS测定土壤样品中Pb、Cd、Cr的不确定度数学模型,分别计算了标准储备液、校正曲线拟合、样品制备过程、分析信号强度及重复性试验等分量的不确定度,根据以上结果计算出标准不确定度。计算结果表明,不确定度主要来源于标准储备液制备和稀释以及重复性实验,该结论对分析过程质量控制、分析方法研究有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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容量法测定锰矿石中锰不确定度评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以硝酸铵-硫酸亚铁铵容量法测定锰矿中锰为例进行系统的不确定度评定。不确定度的来源主要包括分析过程中所用的仪器设备、标准工作溶液、试液定容体积及测量重复性等引入的不确定度分量。计算出各分量的不确定度,通过合成得到测量结果的标准不确定度、扩展不确定度及测试结果的报告形式。 相似文献
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Horizontal soil column method was used to determine the horizontal diffusion rate of sandy loam, loam and clay loam under the same bulk density. The results showed that the migration rates of different lithological wet fronts were different. The sandy loam had the fastest migration rate, the loam followed, and the clay loam was the slowest, but the law of change is the same among the three lithologies. The volumetric water content affects the change of Boltzmann parameter λ. When the volumetric water content is between 0.35-0.45 cm~3/cm~3, λ approaches stability. When the volumetric water content is less than 0.35 cm~3/cm~3, the λ value decreases rapidly with the decrease of water content. The water diffusion rate is related to the volumetric water content and particle size. The greater the moisture content is, the greater the diffusion rate will be. The larger the particle size, the larger the diffusion rate. The diffusivity of sandy loam is 10-30 times larger than that of loam and clay loam. The relationship between water content and diffusion rate is in accordance with the exponential function. 相似文献
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Horizontal soil column method was used to determine the horizontal diffusion rate of sandy loam, loam and clay loam under the same bulk density. The results showed that the migration rates of different lithological wet fronts were different. The sandy loam had the fastest migration rate, the loam followed, and the clay loam was the slowest, but the law of change is the same among the three lithologies. The volumetric water content affects the change of Boltzmann parameter λ. When the volumetric water content is between 0.35-0.45 cm3/cm3, λ approaches stability. When the volumetric water content is less than 0.35 cm3/cm3, the λ value decreases rapidly with the decrease of water content. The water diffusion rate is related to the volumetric water content and particle size. The greater the moisture content is, the greater the diffusion rate will be. The larger the particle size, the larger the diffusion rate. The diffusivity of sandy loam is 10-30 times larger than that of loam and clay loam. The relationship between water content and diffusion rate is in accordance with the exponential function. 相似文献
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成都市土壤质量的模糊综合评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
土壤是一个开放体系,尤其城市的土壤污染来源更为广泛,而在土壤的质量评价中,常涉及到大量的复杂现象和多种因素的相互作用,且存在大量的模糊现象和模糊概念。针对这一情况,在成都城区168个土壤样品进行调查和实测后,对主要影响土壤质量的六种重金属污染进行分析,并且在环境地球化学原理的基础上,根据土壤污染分级标准建立了土壤质量的综合评判模型,同时给出了六种重金属的隶属函数。最后在对成都六个城区土壤样本的综合评判中,准确地得出了各城区的土壤污染程度及污染类别。 相似文献
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Current methods of establishing suitable locations for onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are inadequate, particularly in light of the numerous cases of onsite system failure and the resulting adverse consequences. The development of a soil suitability framework for assessing soil suitability for OWTS allows a more practical means of assessment. The use of multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and multi-criteria decision aids of PROMETHEE and GAIA, enabled the identification of suitable soils for effluent renovation. The outcome of the multivariate analysis, together with soil permeability and drainage characteristics permitted the establishment of a framework for assessing soil suitability based on three main soil functions: (1) the ability of the soil to provide suitable effluent renovation, (2) the permeability of the soil, and (3) the soils drainage characteristics. The developed framework was subsequently applied to the research area, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and the use of standard scoring functions were utilised to provide a scoring system to signify which soils were more suitable for effluent renovation processes. From the assessment, it was found that Chromosol and Kurosol soils provided the highest level of effluent renovation, closely followed by Ferrosol and Dermosol, Kandosol and Rudosol soil types. Tennosol and Podosol soil types were found to have a significantly lower suitability, with Hydrosol soils proving the least suitable for renovating effluent from OWTS. 相似文献