哀牢山-金沙江碱性岩带南段云南金平八一村钾质碱性花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄

云南省金平县八一村钾质碱性花岗岩中的锆石由岩浆锆石和岩浆复合型锆石(老核新壳锆石)组成，以后者居多。锆石定年结果表明，岩浆锆石和岩浆复合型锆石的新壳SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为37Ma，反映岩浆上侵定位时的结晶时间，相当于始新世晚期。锆石老核获得的最大年龄为510Ma和177Ma，相当于晚寒武世和中侏罗世，表明该岩体保存有寒武纪和侏罗纪地质事件信息，而42～48Ma年龄可能是混合年龄。最后对锆石的成因和花岗岩的成岩机制等进行了初步探讨。     

特提斯喜马拉雅打拉花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

打拉花岗岩侵位于也拉香波穹隆边部早古生代浅变质岩中,其锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明,锆石新生边的年龄为44.31±0.36Ma(MSWD=0.69),代表了岩浆侵位时代,锆石内部继承性核的年龄值变化在1943～526Ma之间,代表了碎屑锆石的年龄,反映出这些继承性锆石核的多种来源.花岗岩中白云母等过铝质矿物的出现、刚玉(C)标准矿物含量>2%、A/CNK>1.1,稀土和微量元素配分模式与上地壳和也拉香波穹隆核部的高级变质岩相似,Th强烈富集和Nb明显亏损等表明该岩体强烈过铝,具S型花岗岩的地球化学属性,其源区可能为喜马拉雅中下地壳岩石.Yb-Ta、(Y Nb)-Rb、CaO-(TFeO MgO)和SiO2-(TFeO/(TFeO UgO))构造环境判别图解表明,该岩体形成于陆陆碰撞环境.结合岩体的锆石SHRIMP定年结果及岩体产出的区域地质背景,我们认为打拉花岗岩体侵位于印度与欧亚大陆主碰撞阶段,岩浆的形成与两大陆的碰撞导致地壳缩短加压升温引起喜马拉雅中下地壳部分熔融有关,是俯冲碰撞带下盘对陆-陆主碰撞作用的响应.     

西藏马攸木金矿松托嘎岩体锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义

马攸木岩金矿床是在西藏普兰县境内发现的大型独立岩金矿床。对矿区西北部规模较大的松托嘎英云闪长斑岩体进行SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定,所得岩浆结晶锆石的年龄为18.4±1.3Ma(1σ),表明该岩体形成于中新世早期。年轻锆石所包裹的残留锆石核给出两组206Pb/238U年龄值分别为555±25Ma(1σ)和1894±83～1335±56Ma(1σ)。根据野外地质证据,并结合上述同位素年龄数据可以推测北喜马拉雅地区西段在早寒武世经历了一次重要的岩浆热事件,相比之下,松托嘎岩体可能起源于下地壳中—新元古界变质基底的深熔作用。松托嘎岩体成岩时代与雅鲁藏布江东段含矿斑岩成岩年龄(18～12Ma)的一致性表明两者可能受统一的深部地球动力学背景控制。     

大兴安岭西坡银都赋矿岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其成因意义

银都矿床位于内蒙古大兴安岭西坡,为受断裂控制的银多金属矿床。该矿床的岩体主要为石英闪长岩。该岩体中的锆石分为岩浆锆石和热液锆石两类:岩浆锆石无色透明,自形长柱状,具有典型的振荡环带特征;而热液锆石呈浅褐色,半透明—不透明,等轴状,其暗色增生边明显切过了核部岩浆锆石结构。热液锆石相对岩浆锆石具有低Th/U和LREE,高Hf和HREE的特征。银都岩体岩浆锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(451.8±7.8)Ma,属加里东期,为岩体的结晶年龄;热液锆石的206 Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(337.0±7.7)Ma,属中石炭世,代表了热液作用的年龄。热液锆石年龄表明,该区在337Ma左右经历了一次强烈的热液作用,该期热液作用可能与该区造山峰期的变质作用有关。本区的地质特征和流体包裹体特征表明,本区银矿的形成很可能与这期热液活动密切相关。     

闽西南地区紫金山岩体锆石SHRIMP定年及其地质意义

笔者通过锆石SHRIMP定年,精确厘定了紫金山岩体的成岩成矿时代.紫金山黑云母化岗岩中锆石CL图像显示锆石分为3种形态,定年结果显示这3种锆石有不同的年龄,具有不同的地质意义.第一种锆石晶形发育、具有核一边双层结构.核部的锆石呈磨网状,这类锆石为继承性锆石,年龄为1000 Ma左右;第二种锆石晶形发育良好,但是呈不完整形态,有不清晰的生长环带或者无生长环带,呈现岩浆锆石的特征,年龄为168±4 Ma(n=13,MSWD=0.97),这一年龄应代表了岩石的结晶年龄,属于中侏罗世;第三种锆石晶形发育良好,有清晰的生长环带,这种锆石受后期改造作用,年龄为(119±15)Ma,属于早白垩世.(168±4)Ma时本区并未发生大规模的成矿事件,因此紫金山岩体主体并非含矿岩体,仅有轻微的锡矿化.紫金山花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年的第三组年龄为(119±15)Ma是大规模成矿作用的记录,可能正是这一期的热液作用开始了本区大规模的长时期的多期次的岩浆热液作用的序幕,从而为本区铜金成矿作用奠定了基础.     

北秦岭造山带武关岩群年代学研究及其地质意义

武关岩体位于北秦岭武关镇,侵入于丹凤岩群之中,为原泥盆系刘岭群北侧解体出来的变质沉积-火山岩系岩体。锆石阴极发光(CL)及LA-ICP-MS同位素测年分析显示,武关岩体中斜长角闪岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(349±10) Ma,该年龄代表岩体的岩浆结晶年龄,即形成年龄。石榴子石黑云斜长片岩中碎屑锆石峰值年龄为850 Ma,最小年龄为324 Ma,反映武关岩群沉积岩的沉积时代应该晚于早古生代。     

碧溪岭岩体中石榴橄榄岩的锆石显微结构及离子探针定年

对碧溪岭岩体中石榴橄榄岩的锆石进行了BSE和CL显微结构分析，并在此基础上用离子探针进行了锆石微区U－Pb定年。锆石CL图像显示其有明显的核边结构，核部具岩浆锆石，边部是变质增生锆石的特征。结合锆石的外形特征认为，边部的变质锆石是在超高压变质作用中重结晶形成的。离子探针分析结果在一致曲线图中构成不一致线，得到上下交点 年龄分别为824±39Ma和254±38Ma。结合CL图像认为上交点824±39Ma的年龄代表其原岩形成年龄，下交点254±38Ma为基超高压变质作用的年龄。另有少量较年龄的捕虏晶锆石，可能来自岩浆上升过程中同化混染的围岩。     

滇东南老君山地区变质岩锆石U Pb年代学及其构造意义

滇东南老君山地区出露一套穹窿状变形-变质岩系和花岗岩体,岩体内部因产出丰富的锡钨多金属矿床和特殊的大地构造位置,而备受关注。该套变质岩系亦是研究的热点,但由于缺乏系统详细的年代学限定,其构造演化史和构造指示意义还不清楚。本文选择老君山地区的花岗质片麻岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得402.4±1.9Ma、407.7±1.5Ma和416.8~410.6Ma的3组岩浆锆石的结晶年龄,表明老君山地区变质岩系经历了早泥盆世的岩浆事件,很可能是该区陆陆同碰撞造山运动的记录,即广西运动的反映;锆石核部483.5Ma年龄值,可能为区域上加里东运动开始的时间。结合研究区变质岩系已有年代学数据,综合研究认为锆石颗粒古老核部的626.6Ma、715.9Ma和792.4Ma年龄值可以进一步揭示滇东南老君山地区存在新元古代的岩浆活动事件和古老结晶基底,揭示新元古代岩浆活动事件发育范围更广,从桂西-滇东南老君山地区到瑶山-哀牢山地区均有发育,进一步表明扬子地块周缘的华南新元古代裂谷-岩浆岩带极有可能是连成一体的。而锆石颗粒边部年轻的219.4Ma年龄值则记录华南地区广泛的晚三叠世的岩浆和成矿地质事件。     

印度与欧亚两大陆块碰撞时间的厘定：来自锆石SHRIMP U Pb年龄的证据

通麦地区片麻岩中锆石SHRIMP 定年结果表明： ① 变质锆石和变质复合锆石的新壳UPb年龄为42 Ma,属于中始新世,相当于陆陆碰撞的峰期时间,而印度和欧亚两个大陆开始碰撞的时间略早于42 Ma; ② 变质复合锆石中的老核(继承锆石),有2 个点UPb年龄为201 Ma,相当于早侏罗世早期,表明通麦片麻岩是沉积岩变质的,其沉积岩的时代不会早于三叠纪; ③ 文章最后对锆石成因类型及意义、片麻岩的时代和印度与欧亚两大陆碰撞的时间等问题进行了讨论。     

粤北笋洞和岩庄花岗岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

粤北下庄铀矿田是我国确定的第一个花岗岩型铀矿田,矿田内的岩浆活动具有加里东、印支和燕山多期、多阶段的特点,并以印支期为主体,但部分花岗岩体的划分、命名和时代归属仍需进一步研究。现有资料显示,矿田中部的笋洞岩体又被归入中南部的高栋岩体,但笋洞岩体的单颗粒锆石稀释法年龄为189 Ma、而高栋岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为236～232 Ma,二者分别属于燕山期和印支期岩浆活动的产物;矿田中西部的岩庄岩体又被视为笋洞岩体的一部分,但岩庄岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为161 Ma,小于笋洞和高栋岩体年龄。针对这些问题,本次研究在深入研究笋洞岩体、岩庄岩体岩相学特征的基础上,采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb法测定了它们的锆石U-Th-Pb的含量,发现笋洞和岩庄花岗岩不仅含有捕获锆石,而且笋洞岩体还含有高铀锆石。剔除这些捕获锆石和高铀锆石的年龄数据后,笋洞中粗粒二云母花岗岩和岩庄细粒二云母花岗岩的锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄分别为240.0±2.4 Ma(N=15、MSWD=0.98)和234.4±2.4 Ma(N=13、MS...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861