地球系统科学综述

首先从人类面临全球性的重大问题、地球系统的全球化和地球系统科学的关系与传统地球科学三个方面介绍了地球系统科学提出的背景,阐述了地球系统科学国内外研究现状．然后,详细介绍了地球系统科学的概念与研究方法,主要包括研究思路、基本概念、地球系统过程、全球——区域信息获取、海量信息处理和分析及地球系统模型等．第三,构建了地球系统科学理论基础．主要包括：地球系统的连续动态系统、离散动态系统、地球系统的随机性、地球系统的自组织和地球系统的简单巨系统与复杂巨系统,重点介绍了地球系统科学子系统与各圈层相互作用的动力学模型与效应．第四,概述了地球系统的数字表达一数字地球和地球系统科学是可持续发展战略科学基础．最后,简述了中国开展地球系统科学研究的方向和面临的主要科学问题。     

基于WEBGIS的地震快速反应系统

旨在介绍在对辽宁省地震监测中心的多个应用系统的高度提炼下,通过WEBgIS构建地震快速反应系统的整个过程。本文简要叙述了系统的主要开发目标,介绍了系统的软件架构和功能设计,阐述了使用网络技术和开源组件实现本系统的方法,总结了系统特点。     

通信系统震害与减灾对策

通信系统是生命线系统的重要组成部分,在灾情传播、应急救援和社会维稳方面发挥着重要作用。总结了几次大地震中通信系统的震害表现、破坏成因和震害特征,指出了通信系统在地震灾害中的薄弱环节,介绍了通讯系统地震灾害风险评估方法,最后对通信系统的减灾对策提出了建议。     

新疆地震应急指挥系统网络及数据安全策略

介绍了新疆地震应急技术系统组成及安全需求,根据系统网络的特点和系统安全要求,提出了系统网络和数据安全应考虑的因素,给出了系统网络和数据安全策略。     

飞信服务在地震软件系统中的集成和应用

通过研究飞信服务在Linux系统中的应用,部署一套基于Linux系统的短消息通知平台,同时根据上海市地震局现有应用系统,分析了局内网络监控系统、OA数据库备份系统、值班系统在用户使用过程中的预警提示的欠缺,提出了一种通过飞信服务解决问题的新方法,即将短消息通知平台集成于上述应用系统中,最终实现了台站设备故障短信告警,值班短信通知及OA数据库自动备份短信通知。     

地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定智能辅助系统应用软件开发

介绍了辅助决策系统的定义、用途与发展现状,从总体上阐述了构造地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定智能辅助系统(简称IASSAB)的意义与方法;介绍了IASSAB系统的开发策略与总体设计,讨论了系统的需求;给出了系统的功能层次结构,震损分析模块的机理,word报告自动生成实现方法,同时给出了具体的功能描述。     

Nagios监控系统在天津地震应急系统中的综合应用

Nagios等开源监控系统在地震行业中已应用多年,其运行稳定,监控效果良好,可扩展性强,是非常优秀的网络监控软件.本文利用天津市地震局统一建立的全局Nagios监控系统,对地震系统“十五”“十一五”期间建立的地震应急指挥技术系统进行了全面监控管理,包括网络设备、服务器、业务应用系统等,并与值班系统联动,实现故障告警.采用此监控系统后,全面提升了天津市地震局应急指挥系统的运维管理工作效率.同时形成了独立的监控配置文件与脚本,可对行业应急指挥系统进行统一监控.     

地震救援现场应急通信系统的设计与集成

分析了福建省地震局现场应急通信现状,介绍了将箱体式应急通信系统改装成车载应急通信系统的概况,分析了车载应急通信系统各主要子系统,最后总结了车载应急通信系统在地震救援现场中应用的意义。     

天津市地震局地震事件共享系统的设计与实现

分析了天津市测震台网历史数据的使用现状,并利用PHP语言和百度地图API程序的二次开发,建立了天津市地震局地震事件共享系统。利用该系统实现了天津市地震局历史地震事件的共享,用户可通过共享系统查询地震目录和下载地震事件,通过My Sql数据库语言设计系统各功能模块相关数据库表单,保存地震目录信息、用户反馈信息相关图片。该系统通过SESSION变量实现用户权限管理,避免了事件文件误传的可能性。通过该系统平台的投入使用,提升了系统原有地震事件保存方式,方便了用户查询使用事件文件的效率,使数据共享工作在天津市地震局得到了提升。     

天津测震台网综合管理系统的设计与实现

介绍了天津市测震台网综合管理系统开发的背景,分析了系统的架构与设计方案,并对各功能模块进行了详细的描述,同时就软件开发过程中遇到的问题给予了解决方案,阐述了该系统的实现过程并将其加以应用,实际应用表明该系统提高了工作效率,达到了预期目标.     

4D Arctic: A Glimpse into the Structure and Evolution of the Arctic in the Light of New Geophysical Maps,Plate Tectonics and Tomographic Models

Knowledge about the Arctic tectonic structure has changed in the last decade as a large number of new datasets have been collected and systematized. Here, we review the most updated, publicly available Circum-Arctic digital compilations of magnetic and gravity data together with new models of the Arctic’s crust. Available tomographic models have also been scrutinized and evaluated for their potential to reveal the deeper structure of the Arctic region. Although the age and opening mechanisms of the Amerasia Basin are still difficult to establish in detail, interpreted subducted slabs that reside in the High Arctic’s lower mantle point to one or two episodes of subduction that consumed crust of possibly Late Cretaceous–Jurassic age. The origin of major igneous activity during the Cretaceous in the central Arctic (the Alpha–Mendeleev Ridge) and in the proximity of rifted margins (the so-called High Arctic Large Igneous Province—HALIP) is still debated. Models of global plate circuits and the connection with the deep mantle are used here to re-evaluate a possible link between Arctic volcanism and mantle plumes.     

甘肃省地震局高性能计算系统

高性能计算是现代科学研究、工程技术开发和大规模数据处理的关键支撑技术,在地震系统发挥着日益重要的作用。甘肃省地震局高性能计算集群系统由60个节点、采用40 GB InfiniBand网络互连组成,峰值计算速度达9.2万亿次/秒。作为地震系统重要的科技服务平台之一,为地震反演、数据分析、数值模拟等领域以及科研创新平台提供高性能计算环境。     

Physical controls on the dynamics of inlet sandbar systems

Knowledge of the physical processes acting at inlet systems and their interaction with sediments and sediment bodies is important to the understanding of such environments. The objectives of this study are to identify and assess the relative importance of the controlling processes across the complex sandbar system at the Teign inlet (Teignmouth, UK) through the combined application of a numerical model, field data and Argus video images. This allows the determination of the regions dominated by wave processes or by tidal processes and definition of the variability of these regions under different wave, tide and river-discharge conditions. Modelling experiments carried out for one stage of the evolution of the system show that the interaction between tidal motion and waves generates complex circulation patterns that drive the local sediment transport and sandbar dynamics, producing a cyclic morphological behaviour of the sandbars that form the ebb-tidal delta. The relative importance of each physical process on the sediment transport and consequent morphodynamics varies across the region. The main inlet channel is dominated by tidal action that directs the sediment transport as a consequence of the varying tidal flow asymmetry, resulting in net offshore transport. Sediment transport over the shoals and secondary channels at both sides of the main channel is dominated by wave-related processes, displacing sediment in the onshore direction. The interaction between waves and tide-generated currents controls the transport over the submerged sandbar that defines the channels seaward extend. High river discharge events are also proven to be important in this region, as they can change sediment-transport patterns across the area.Responsible Editor: Iris Grabemann     

利用地球重力位模型计算重力和重力梯度

高阶高精度地球重力场模型具有广泛的用途。本文利用地球重力位模型计算重力和重力梯度在应用中很有实用阶值,同时也是计算重力场其它量的关键。利用伪局部笛卡尔坐标与球坐标的关系计算了重力与重力梯度在伪局部笛卡尔坐标系下的分量;利用张量变换的原理给出了已知重力与重力梯度在某一坐标系下的分量求它们在另一坐标系下分量的方法,并具体给出了重力与重力梯度在局部笛卡儿坐标系下的分量计算公式,同时还给出计算重力场五参量与垂线偏差的计算公式,本研究推进了地球重力场的可视化进程。     

Derivation of Photosynthetically Available Radiation from METEOSAT data in the German Bight with Neural Nets

Two different models, a Physical Model and a Neural Net (NN), are used for the derivation of the Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) from METEOSAT data in the German Bight; advantages and disadvantages of both models are discussed. The use of a NN for derivation of PAR should be preferred to the Physical Model because by construction, a NN can take the various processes determining PAR on a surface much better into account than a non-statistical model relying on averaged relations.

“十五”测震台网数据库的应用程序开发

通过介绍地震数据查询和分析处理软件的编程经验,简要阐述了基于“十五”测震台网数据库客户端应用程序的开发思路。“十五”测震台网Jopens系统数据库,为开发Windows环境下的地震数据分析处理软件提供了良好的在线数据资源,借助MySql ODBC驱动程序开发Mysql客户端软件不失为一种较好的方法。     

应急管理部多层级视频会议系统跨网段转发技术

介绍应急管理部视频会议系统接入地震系统的基本情况,结合地震应急视频会议系统应用现状,分析多层级跨网视频会议系统的架构特点,着重分析跨网段"背靠背"转发优化技术方案在视频会议系统融合中的实现与应用,以期为类似的应用场景提供参考。     

“地-电离层”模式有源电磁场一维正演

“地-电离层”模式有源电磁法由于其在地球物理勘探和地震预报方面的良好应用前景,成为地球物理电磁法研究新的热点.近年来国内开始了“地-电离层”模式有源电磁法研究,作者已经实现了当地球层为均匀半空间时的正演,但实际上地球并不是均匀半空间.本文在此基础上,采用R函数法进行公式推导,以高采样密度的Hankel滤波系数实现数值模...     

Water-table fluctuation in semipervious stream-unconfined aquifer systems

Available expressions which describe the water-table fluctuation in a stream-aquifer system are based primarily on the assumption that the bed of the stream is as permeable as the aquifer it completely cuts through. Analytical expressions are developed, in terms of the head averaged over the depth of saturation, which take into account the semiperviousness of the streambed. The situations considered are finite and semi-infinite aquifer systems in which the water level in the semipervious stream is suddenly lowered below its initial elevation, and suddenly raised above its initial elevation, and maintained constant thereafter. As a by-product, solutions are also obtained for finite and semi-infinite aquifer systems in which the bed of the stream is as permeable as the aquifer.