兖州市采煤塌陷地治理项目管理存在问题及建议

采煤塌陷地综合治理是对因采煤造成地表塌陷沉降的区域进行综合治理,使塌陷的土地恢复其农业可利用性的复杂过程,需要投入大量的人力、物力和财力。该文结合兖州采煤塌陷地综合治理实际情况,对在采煤塌陷地治理过程中存在的几个主要问题进行分析并针对问题提出了相应建议。     

黄陵2号煤层采空塌陷变形对村庄稳定性影响研究

黄陵东方煤矿的采空塌陷引起附近村庄房屋裂缝及地表变形破坏,严重影响当地群众的生产生活安全。通过现场调查、井下测量、勘探等方法,确定了村庄周边采煤采空的分布,分析了采空塌陷诱发的地表变形破坏特征以及村庄房屋的变形破坏程度。在此基础上,借助开采条件判别法与概率积分法,确定并预测了采煤采空地表移动变形范围及发展趋势,为地表变形破坏治理及村庄房屋翻修或异地搬迁提供科学依据。     

鲁西南平原地区采煤塌陷地质灾害的防治对策

针对鲁西南平原地区采煤塌陷地特点及其主要危害,总结了采煤塌陷灾害的防、减措施和本区4种成功的塌陷地治理模式,并远景性地提出了运用黄河落淤法治理塌陷地和建设湿地改造塌陷地的综合治理系统工程。     

贾汪煤田采煤活动对环境的影响

江苏贾汪煤田的采煤活动,造成了一系列环境问题,主要包括采空塌陷、煤矸石堆放和疏干排水造成地下水资源枯竭等问题。通过采取一系列措施,对塌陷地、煤矸石和煤矿排水进行了综合利用,减少了资源浪费,取得了一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

徐州市矿山环境保护与治理工程研究

随着徐州市矿山环境保护与治理工程的实施,徐州市因采煤塌陷及开山采石造成的生态环境问题及景观破坏得到改善,废弃闲置的土地资源得到有效利用。通过分析徐州市矿山环境保护与治理的现状,以生态优先、以人为本及经济效益和示范效应为原则,部署废弃露采矿山治理、采煤塌陷地复垦及绿色矿山建设的重点工程,从资金筹措、技术支撑及政策保障等方面提出重点工程实施的保障措施。     

采煤塌陷区稳定性分析研究

以吉林辽源煤矿塌陷区为例,应用高精度电磁频谱探测法进行了煤炭采空区探测,通过勘探结果与实际资料对比分析,评价了辽源采煤塌陷区的稳定性,探索了应用电磁频谱物探技术进行采煤塌陷稳定性分析评价的可行性。为塌陷地的稳定性评价,提供了一种思路和方法,对于采空区地面塌陷的恢复治理和合理开发利用,具有一定的实用价值。     

煤矿环境治理技术新进展及应用

我国煤炭资源的长期大规模开发和利用引发了一系列环境问题,主要包括环境污染、资源破坏和地质灾害三类。地下充填方法是一种行之有效的生态环境修复方式。新型离层注浆技术可有效预防因采煤塌陷产生的环境问题,同时解决煤矿建筑物压煤问题,实现顺序开采,延长了煤矿生产年限,缓解了矿山关闭所带来的环境问题。中国煤炭地质总局在采煤沉陷治理领域以新型覆岩离层注浆技术为核心,形成了产学研用一体化的采煤沉陷区治理综合技术体系。通过对新型离层注浆技术的研究与实践,形成了厚煤层覆岩离层注浆控制采空塌陷技术体系,完善和发展了采空塌陷控制理论与技术。该技术在夏店煤矿得到了成功应用,取得了较好的经济和社会效益     

兖州市采煤塌陷地生态治理模式探讨

介绍了兖州市采煤塌陷地综合治理的几种传统方法及生态治理模式。结合兖州市采煤塌陷地综合治理实际情况,通过传统治理模式与生态治理模式在经济、社会、环境方面的效益对比分析,提出了采煤塌陷地以生态治理为主导的观点。     

安徽省淮北市煤矿采空塌陷现状与治理对策分析

安徽省淮北市煤炭资源最为丰富,煤矿开采形成了采空塌陷灾害,对矿区生态环破坏境严重。本文煤矿采空塌陷灾害现状及其发展趋势进行了分析,并进行了治理分区,总结了采空塌陷的治理对策方法。     

窑街煤矿采空塌陷形成机理及其发育规律研究

通过对窑街煤矿采空地面塌陷的实地调查,结合历史资料的研究成果,分析了采空地面塌陷的形成机理及其发育规律,对窑街煤矿采空塌陷区的稳定性做出了评价,在窑街矿区的地面塌陷治理中具有指导意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861