Hydrometallurgical processing and recovery of molybdenum trioxide from spent catalyst

Hydrometallurgical processing of spent hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) catalyst for the recovery of molybdenum using sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide mixtures was investigated. The results indicated that the recovery of molybdenum was largely dependent on the concentrations of Na₂CO₃ and H₂O₂ in the reaction medium, which controls the acidity of the leach liquor and carry over of impurities such as Al, Ni, P, Si and V. Leaching process was exothermic and leaching efficiency of molybdenum decreased with increasing solid to liquid ratio. Large scale leaching of spent catalyst, under optimum conditions: 20% pulp density, 85 g/L Na₂CO₃, 10 vol.% H₂O₂ and 1 h reaction, resulted a leaching efficiency of 84% Mo. The obtained leach liquor contained (g/L): Mo — 22.0, Ni — 0.015 and Al — 0.82, P — 1.1, Si — 0.094 and minor quantities of V — 8 mg/L, As and Co — < 1 mg/L. Recovery of Mo from leach solution as MoO₃ of 97.30% purity was achieved by ammonium molybdate precipitation method.     

Calcified roasting-acid leaching process of vanadium from low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal

The low-grade vanadium-containing stone coal used in this experiment was collected from Wuxi Coun- try, Chongqing City, China. The experiment focused on the vanadium recovery from roasted residue through opti- mizing the process conditions of an effective and environmentally-friendly technology, named calcified roast- ing-sulfuric acid leaching technology. By single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, the effects of roast- ing temperature, roasting time, sulfuric acid concentration and leaching time on the leaching ratio of vanadium were analyzed. The results showed that the leaching ratio of vanadium reached 85.5% under the proper technological con- ditions of roasting temperature=950℃, roasting time=4 h, 40% concentration of sulfuric acid and leaching time=6 h.     

Accelerated aqueous leaching of selenium and arsenic from coal associated rock samples with selenium speciation using ultrasound extraction

Ultrasound extraction was used to compare the accelerated release rates of selenium and arsenic from three rocks (BT700, BT 571 and BT 60) that are associated with mountaintop mining and valley fill coal mining practiced in southern parts of West Virginia, USA. The concentrations of arsenic released from rocks were found to be three orders of magnitude higher than that of selenium. The accelerated leaching rate constants were ten times higher for arsenic compared to selenium. Se (IV) was found to be stable under ultrasound extraction conditions used whereas As (III) was quickly oxidized to As (V). BT700 was found to have more Se (IV) compared to BT571 while BT60 did not have any significant Se (IV) concentrations. Such compositional and kinetic information becomes important when determining suitable mining waste treatment protocols that have to be undertaken to different types of overburden before it is dumped in valleys.     

基于二苯乙醇酸体系快速测定区域地质矿产调查样品中的钨钼

本文建立了一种快速分析区域地质矿产调查样品中钨钼的方法。试样经高温焙烧、碱熔分解,钨、钼与其它杂质元素所形成的氢氧化物沉淀分离;在二苯乙醇酸体系(0.25mol/L硫酸-0.04g/L二苯乙醇酸-0.10g/L二苯胍-20g/L氯酸钠)中,钼、钨分别于约-0.25V、-0.85V产生灵敏的平行催化波,根据极限扩散电流的大小同时测定这两种元素。该方法的测定下限(X0+3S)<0.10×10-6;准确度(|Δlog|)≤0.05;精密度(RSD)≤7.72%。国家标准物质测定值与标准值相符;实际样品测定值优于电感耦合等离子体发射质谱法。方法扩大了催化极谱法的适应性,提高了实际应用价值。     

天山-兴蒙造山带主要钼矿床Re-Os定年和地质意义

天山-兴蒙钼矿带是中亚成矿域的重要组成部分,该成矿带主要呈近东西向分布;本文通过对天山-兴蒙钼矿带4个典型矿床Re-Os同位素精确定年,结合前人区域动力学背景的研究,揭示天山-兴蒙造山带钼矿床的成矿作用主要与岩浆侵入形成的花岗岩热液作用有关,并识别出兴蒙造山带3期岩浆活动、钼成矿作用和构造热事件;Re-Os定年结果揭示出晚古生代铜-钼矿床与俯冲-增生作用有关,三叠纪钼的成矿形成于西伯利亚板块与塔里木-华北克拉通碰撞背景下,而侏罗纪-早白垩世的钼成矿作用与古太平洋板块西向俯冲作用有关。     

华北克拉通北缘西拉沐沦钼多金属成矿带钼矿化类型、特征及地球动力学背景

最近,在华北克拉通北缘,沿东西走向的西拉沐沦构造带两侧异军突起地出现了一个400多千米长、300千米宽的钼矿带,短短4年时间已经发现了10余个大型-中型钼矿床,显示了巨大的资源前景。钼矿床的空间分布受区域东西向、北东向及北西向断裂联合控制,钼矿床的形成与中生代的中酸性侵入体关系密切,矿床产于花岗岩体中、斑岩体内外接触带或附近,矿床类型以斑岩型、石英脉型、火山热液型及云英岩型为主。空间关系表明钼矿床的形成主要与中生代富硅、富钾酸性侵入岩有关。成矿年代学研究表明,西拉沐沦成矿带钼矿具有三期成矿作用：包括245Ma、150Ma和138Ma。其对应的成矿动力学背景为印支期华北板块与西伯利亚板块碰撞造山后伸展阶段和燕山期中国东部构造大转折期。其中,印支期的成矿作用和相应的岩浆活动在以往的工作中较少论及。     

锌精矿氧压酸浸液中铟的提取研究

对锌精矿氧压酸浸液中铟的提取进行了研究,在1.0m o l/L的H2SO4介质中,铟可被P204定量萃取,当萃取相比为O/A=1/4,进行三级萃取,平衡时间为3m in时,In萃取率达97%以上;对负载有机相用3m o l/L的HC l进行三级反萃,O/A=5/1,平衡时间为3m in,In反萃率为99.62%。     

Investigations on the petroleum generation potential of bituminous coals from the Saar region

The Saar basin contains bituminous coals (high volatile A and B). Five coals of Westphalian and Stephanian age with distinctly varying maceral compositions were analysed by Soxhlet extraction and supercritical extraction with different solvents and microscopically. From the data obtained it is concluded that the oldest coals have a potential for oil generation, whereas the younger coals do not. This conclusion is explained by varying liptinite contents and varying adsorption capacities of different vitrinite macerals for bitumen.     

物化探异常对坡仔营地区钼矿分布特征的指示

坡仔营地区钼矿床是根据1∶5万水系沉积物测量在坡仔营地区圈出的W、Mo元素综合异常,展开1∶5万高磁测量,成果显示：在坡仔营地区Mo元素存在一个近椭圆形异常,面积约2.5 km2,浓集中心明显,具浓度分带,与其重叠的有W元素异常。在浓集中心的岩体中找到了斑岩型钼矿床。在外围岩体也发现较好的的矿体化。通过物探异常、化探异常以及地质特征推测存在隐伏矿体,具有进一步寻找矿床潜力。     

Carbonation processes in municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and their effect on the leaching of copper and molybdenum

The interaction of CO₂ with municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash was studied in order to investigate the resulting changes in pH and bottom ash mineralogy and the impact that these changes have on the mobility of Cu and Mo. Carefully controlled carbonation experiments were performed on bottom ash suspensions and on filtered bottom ash leachates. Changes in leachate composition were interpreted with the geochemical model MINTEQA2, and neoformed minerals were investigated by means of chemical and spectroscopic analysis. The leaching of Cu and Mo during artificial carbonation is compared to the leachability of Cu and Mo from a sample of naturally carbonated bottom ash from the same incinerator. During carbonation in the laboratory, a precipitate was formed that consisted mainly of Al-rich amorphous material, calcite, and possibly gibbsite. Carbonation to pH ≈8.3 resulted in a reduction of more than 50% in Cu leaching, and a reduction of less than 3% in Mo leaching. The reduction in Cu leaching is attributed to sorption to the neoformed amorphous Al-minerals. During natural weathering/carbonation of bottom ash, additional sorption sites are formed which further reduce the leaching of Cu and Mo on a time scale of months to years.     

钪资源的开发利用与提炼新工艺探讨

钪元素由于其优异性能而成为重要的战略元素。现行的制备工艺主要是从有色金属冶炼过程中提炼、萃取伴生钪元素,但存在单一萃取剂效率低、工艺复杂、产物纯度低的问题。本文采用多种萃取剂协调萃取,提高了萃取效率,结合新型分离技术,在减少一半工序情况下,有效提高产物纯度。     

南秦岭桂林沟斑岩型钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学及其构造意义研究

陕西省镇安县桂林沟斑岩型钼矿床位于南秦岭多金属成矿带内,其成矿围岩主要为细粒花岗岩、钾长花岗岩和蚀变的粗粒花岗岩。本文通过对桂林沟斑岩型钼矿床中辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年以及围岩中锆石U-Pb年代学研究,旨在探讨成矿成岩的关系及其构造意义。结果表明,6件辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素年龄在195.9~198.5Ma之间,加权平均年龄为197.2±1.3Ma,表明桂林沟钼矿形成于早侏罗世。围岩细粒花岗岩、钾长花岗岩和粗粒花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为199±1.4Ma、201±3.1Ma和198±11Ma,这说明其成岩和成矿年龄基本一致。值得注意的的是,桂林沟钼矿床的形成年龄不同于前人已报导的秦岭钼矿的三个主要成矿期,即238~213Ma、145~126Ma和116~110Ma,其稍晚于第一成矿期。200~190Ma可能代表了秦岭成矿带一期尚未认识的重要成矿事件,对于南秦岭找矿具有重要意义。该期钼矿形成于秦岭印支期碰撞之后,是在造山带垮塌引起的岩浆-热液事件过程中形成的。     

穿层钻孔各煤层瓦斯抽采比例计算方法及应用

为了测定穿层钻孔多煤层瓦斯抽采各煤层瓦斯抽采比例及残余瓦斯含量,分别提出了相应的解决方法。计算穿层钻孔多煤层瓦斯抽采各煤层瓦斯抽采比例时,提出将煤层厚度、原始瓦斯含量、透气性系数的乘积作为瓦斯抽采相关量,将瓦斯抽采相关量归一化处理来计算,考虑了影响穿层钻孔瓦斯抽采的主要因素;预测穿层钻孔多煤层瓦斯抽采各煤层残余瓦斯含量时,利用原始瓦斯含量与吨煤瓦斯抽采量来计算,吨煤瓦斯抽采量与穿层钻孔瓦斯抽采总量、穿层钻孔在该煤层的瓦斯抽采比例及该煤层的质量有关。结果表明：提出的穿层钻孔多煤层瓦斯抽采各煤层瓦斯抽采比例计算方法,与贵州省青龙煤矿现场实测结果的最大相对误差仅为2.03%,能够满足工程实践的需要。     

扬子陆块东南缘民乐-古丈一带钒、钼矿地质特征及找矿方向

民乐-古丈一带牛蹄塘组下段黑色岩系分布广泛,该岩系沿古丈复背斜成北东向展布,以富含钒钼矿为特征。钒钼矿形成受地层岩性岩相、构造多因素控制,具有正常海水沉积、热水沉积及生物化学沉积多重特点。本文通过该岩系地质特征研究,结合实地勘查成果,提出了大龙-西岐一带、凤鸣溪-丫角山一带以及天桥山-黄金寨一带三个重要的钒钼矿找矿地段。     

北山地区小狐狸山钼多金属矿床成矿类型及找矿方向

小狐狸山钼多金属矿床是近年来在北山地区发现的一个具中—大型规模的隐伏钼矿床. 该矿床成矿特征典型,赋矿岩体可以明显的划分为三个相带,即边缘相、过渡相和中心相。岩体中心相具强硅化、钾长石化现象,过渡相和边缘相具有明显的钠长石化蚀变特征,并叠加有岩浆期后云英岩化蚀变现象。钼矿体主要产于岩体过渡相和边缘相的钠长石化带和云英岩化带中。小狐狸山钼多金属矿床成矿时代为三叠纪, 属印支期构造-岩浆活动的产物。通过对Mo→Pb-Zn→稀有金属的复合矿化特征分析,推测该矿床可能是不同期次岩浆热液活动形成的热液叠加矿床。结合岩石地球化学、构造环境及其矿化、蚀变特征分析,该矿床应为板内伸展构造环境下形成的高-中温岩浆热液叠加型矿床。     

张家口地区矿化元素异常信息提取与集成

提要：本文以局部奇异性方法为手段,结合证据权模型中点-面空间相关关系显著性指标t值,确定了成矿元素局部奇异值最优的α阈值,据此圈出了单元素异常分布区域。同时采用基于广义自相似性原理的S-A方法对复合异常进行分解,得出区域背景场和异常场的空间分布。研究显示,上述方法圈定的异常区域与已知矿床及区域成矿条件吻合程度较高,能有效地提取和增强元素弱异常,所圈异常区域可靠程度较高,具有找矿意义。     

野外快速偏提取技术找金的理论基础及应用

金矿体周围是上方常形成离子态、胶体分散和微细粒的Au晕。快速偏提取技术经在不同地区,不同矿种类型,不同地质景观条件,不同比例尺,已知和未知区面积性找矿实施应用表明,与常规土壤测量法相比,能排除“粒金效应”引起的次生晕运移现象,找矿定位准,对厚覆盖层矿体能强化异常,易于发现隐伏矿。     

地浸采铀及地浸矿床的条件与评价

主要介绍了地浸采铀的含义及其发展历史,并对地浸矿床的条件进行详细分析,提出地浸矿床评价的三项原则。     

华北克拉通南北缘三叠纪钼矿化类型、特征及地球动力学背景

华北克拉通南北缘是中国最重要的钼成矿带,特别是近年来在南北缘陆续发现了大量的钼矿床,显示了巨大的钼资源前景。其中三叠纪钼矿床的不断发现引人注目。在华北克拉通北缘及邻区三叠纪钼矿床在空间上总体呈EW向展布,矿床产出受区域东西向断裂控制,钼矿床的形成与三叠纪酸性侵入体关系密切,多产于花岗岩体中、斑岩体内外接触带或附近,矿床类型包括斑岩型和石英脉型。在华北克拉通南缘及邻区,三叠纪钼矿床总体上呈NW向展布,受区域NW向断裂控制,钼矿床的形成与晚三叠世酸性侵入体及碳酸盐脉有关,矿床产于斑岩体内及附近,矿床类型包括斑岩型、石英脉型及碳酸盐脉型。成矿年代学研究表明,华北克拉通北缘及邻区三叠纪钼矿主要形成于248~220Ma,而南缘及邻区三叠纪钼矿床主要形成于226~210Ma。其对应的成矿动力学背景为印支期华北板块与西伯利亚板块同碰撞造山过程和扬子板块与华北板块同碰撞造山过程。     

DDT residue in soil and water in and around the abounded area of DDT manufacturing factory

Due to the persistent nature of DDT, a persistent organic pollutant and its adverse environmental and health impacts, the present study was undertaken to examine the residual DDT in and around DDT manufacturing factory in Amman Gharh, Nowshera, NWFP. The factory was established in 1963 and remained in operation till 1994. Composite samples of soil, sediments and water were collected in and around the factory area, nearby DDT stores, main factory drain leading to river and nearby villages. Standard procedures were used for the collection, transportation and storage of samples for analysis. Physical parameters for the collected water samples measured were temperature, pH and conductance. Extraction of each sample for DDT analyses was carried out in triplicates using soxhlet extraction apparatus. The extract was transferred to well washed, clean; dry glass vial, sealed and put in the refrigerator. Gas Chromatograph with electron capture detector and capillary column was used for analysis. DDT in the samples was identified on the basis of their retention time and quantified on the basis of peak areas. It is evident from the analytical data obtained in the present study that both water and soil in and around the factory area are still contaminated with DDT, despite the closure of the factory since the past few years.