Satellite Atmospheric Sounder IRFS-2 1. Analysis of Outgoing Radiation Spectra Measurements

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The outgoing radiation spectra measured by the IRFS-2 spectrometer onboard Meteor-M no. 2 satellite have been analyzed. Some statistical parameters of...     

The IKFS-2 Infrared Fourier-Transform Spectrometer Operating Onboard the Meteor-M No.2 Satellite

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The results of the commissioning of the IKFS-2 instrument and its subsequent operation onboard the Meteor-M no. 2 polar orbiting meteorological...     

The Use of Artificial Neuron Networks for Retrieval Temperature and Humidity Sounding of the Atmosphere According to the Data of the MTVZA-GY Microwave Radiometer Installed on the Meteor-M No. 2-2 Satellite

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - We consider the application of artificial neural networks for remote temperature and humidity profiles sounding of the atmosphere according to the data...     

CS-12000型回声测深仪海上施测中的维护

分析了影响CS-12000型回声测深仪回波信号中断、深度显示不正常等现象的因素，提出了海上测量中常见故障的检修程序及维护方法。     

Determination of the Total Ozone Content in Cloudy Conditions based on Data from the IKFS-2 Spectrometer onboard the Meteor-M no. 2 Satellite

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A new technique has been developed to obtain the total ozone content (TOC) under cloudy conditions from the spectra of outgoing thermal IR radiation...     

Absolute Calibration of the MTVZA-GY Microwave Radiometer Atmospheric Sounding Channels

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The microwave MTVZA-GY imager/sounder is one of the key instruments onboard the Meteor-M N2 satellite (launched in July, 2014). The MTVZA-GY data...     

Phase Shift between Changes in Global Temperature and Atmospheric CO2 Content under External Emissions of Greenhouse Gases into the Atmosphere

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The phase shift between changes in the global surface temperature Tg and atmospheric CO2 content $${{q}_{{{\text{C}}{{{\text{O}}}_{2}}}}}$$ has been...     

Algorithm for the Atmospheric Correction of Shortwave Channels of the MSU-MR Radiometer of the Meteor-M No. 2 Satellite

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The problem of atmospheric correction for shortwave channels of a multispectral low-resolution scanning radiometer onboard the Meteor-M No. 2 satellite...     

Sodar Sounding of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer: Review of Studies at the Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Russian Academy of Sciences

Acoustic sounders (sodars) are the simplest and economically most effective devices for the ground-based remote sensing of the lower troposphere. Using sodars, a vast amount of knowledge about the structure and dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) has been obtained. The principal physics of sodar sounding was given by A.M. Obukhov in two short theoretical articles published in the Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1941: “On the Scattering of Sound in a Turbulent Flow” and “On the Distribution of Energy in the Spectrum of a Turbulent Flow.” In the late 1950s, Obukhov initiated the development of theoretical and experimental studies of sound scattering by turbulence, as well as a practical sodar sounding of the ABL at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAPh). The present work is a short review of sodar applications in studies of the ABL based on results obtained at IAPh in the 1980s–2000s. The results of recent studies of low-level jets and Kelvin–Helmholtz billows in the stable stratified ABL are described in more detail.     

Validation of Daily Amplitude of Sea Surface Temperature Evaluated with a Parametric Model Using Satellite Data

The authors have verified a regression model for the evaluation of the daily amplitude of sea surface temperature (ΔSST) proposed by Kawai and Kawamura (2002). The authors investigated the accuracy of satellite data used for the evaluation and showed that ΔSST error caused by satellite data error is less than ±0.7 K. The evaluated ΔSSTs were compared with in situ values. Its root-mean-square error is about 0.3 K or less, except for a coastal region, and it has a bias of more than +0.1 K in the tropics. This bias can be removed by considering latent heat flux. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

遥感水深反演海图修测应用研究

卫星遥感技术可以应用于浅海水下目标探测,是特殊区域碍航物探测的有效手段。结合海岛礁的特殊地理环境和测绘需求,采用高分辨率卫星影像进行浅水深反演试验,提出的高分辨率预处理方法实用、有效;并与海图数据结合,进行水深标定和海图修测应用分析。研究结果表明,针对南海岛礁,应用高分辨率卫星影像可以获取岛礁分布和轮廓、概略等深线信息、潜在航道以及水下障碍物信息等,能达到修测海图的目的。     

Analysis of Capabilities for Satellite Monitoring of Atmospheric Gaseous Composition Using IRFS-2 Instrument

Capabilities of the total column monitoring of different minor gaseous compounds of the atmosphere with the satellite IRFS-2 Fourier interferometer have been studied. The possibilities of determining the СО₂, О₃, СH₄, HNO₃, N₂O, CH₃OH, HCFC-22, CFC-11, CFC-12, PAN, and ССl₄ total columns have been investigated on the basis of line-by-line calculations of the forward problem operator and calculation of error matrices by the optimal estimation method. It has been shown that the IRFS-2 device could be used to measure the total columns of СО₂, О₃, N₂O, СH₄, and HNO₃. In the information-gathering mode, it is also possible to retrieve the CH₃OH, HCFC-22, CFC-11, CFC-12, PAN, and ССl₄ total columns due to the suppression of random measurement errors.     

Vertical Propagation of Acoustic-Gravity Waves from Atmospheric Fronts into the Upper Atmosphere

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The empirical approximations of atmospheric pressure-field oscillations were constructed based on observational data on atmospheric pressure variations...     

数值模拟和卫星反演大气能见度对比分析

对2004年4月11日、2005年3月9日和2005年3月27日发生在黄渤海海域3个典型海雾个例数值模拟得到的大气能见度与可见光卫星云图的反照率进行对比分析,利用不同时刻大气能见度与反照率的对应关系进行线性数学拟合,得到新的适合白昼的大气能见度反演公式。利用该公式反演了几次显著海雾过程的大气能见度分布,发现海雾预报系统对大气能见度<200 m的海上浓雾的面积预报准确率约90%左右。对发生在2009年3月1日到2010年5月21日期间的46次较强海雾进行了初步统计,从判别海雾有无的角度来看该海雾预报系统对海雾的预报准确率为91.3%。     

Temperature and Rheological Parameters of the Baltic Shield Lithosphere from Electromagnetic Sounding Results

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - We consider methods for calculating the distribution of the temperature and rheological parameters (differential stresses) in the lithosphere using...     

Differential Radiothermal Methods for Satellite Retrieval of Atmospheric Humidity Profile

The existing radiometric methods for measuring the profile of the water-vapor concentration from spacecrafts are analyzed. Questions of the sensitivity of radiometric measurements to a deviation in the water-vapor concentration from the standard profile are considered. It is shown that the traditional measurements near absorption line 183 GHz have a low sensitivity to a change in the water-vapor concentration in the lower troposphere. A new differential method of humidity measurement in the lower troposphere has been proposed based on measurements near the 22-GHz line. The advantages of differential measurements near 22 GHz when compared to similar measurements in the vicinity of 183 GHz are confirmed by the results of computer simulation.     

基于船载GPS探空数据的黄东海大气边界层高度分析

根据2012年5、11月2次船载GPS探空资料,结合CFSR再分析、OISST海温、沿岸站位L波段雷达数据等,对黄东海海洋大气边界层(MABL)的时空变化特征及影响因子进行了分析。GPS探空数据表明,正的海气温差产生对流边界层,负的为稳定边界层。相比陆地边界层,MABL的日变化很小。5月份,MABL较低,暖区的海气温差大小与MABL高度相关,而冷区风切变的影响较为显著,太阳辐射也能一定程度上影响MABL高度。11月,MABL远高于5月,海气温差、太阳辐射均能影响MABL高度,风切变贡献很小。5月份海洋锋暖水侧的水汽能到达MABL以上,冷水侧水汽则维持在MABL中;11月水汽被限制在MABL以内。通过青岛、洪家站的L波段雷达数据对比,得到沿岸地区的大气边界层具有与MABL相同的季节变化,能够代表黄、东海MABL特征,但日变化更加剧烈,因此在替代研究海上MABL日变化时具有局限性。     

Atmospheric Circulation Response to Heat Flux Anomalies in a Two-Dimensional Baroclinic Model of the Atmosphere

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The response of large-scale atmospheric circulation to the anomalous Barents and Kara sea ice-free surface heating, which has been observed over the...     

多波束探测技术的应用

介绍多波束探测技术在港口、航道测量和水下物体搜寻等方面的具体应用实例，进一步说明多波束探测技术的高精度、高效率、高密度和全覆盖的特点，展望多波束在三峡工程中的应用前景，为三峡工程水下探测提供新的技术手段。     

SILAS适航水深测量系统测试研究

在适航水深技术标准研究过程中，引进荷兰SILAS走航式适航水深测量系统，在天津港对其测量精度、深度分划正确性和重合精度等进行了系统的测试研究。对该系统的配置、技术性能、使用方法及操作注意事项进行了全面的介绍。