全回转拖轮辅助自升式平台就位技术在复杂海底条件下的应用

随着海上油气作业量的不断增加,自升式钻井平台的就位风险也在日益增大。在对海洋石油282就位SZ油田WHPN平台作业难点、风险分析的基础上,通过优化就位方案、布锚方案、渤海地区首次采用全回转拖轮辅助自升式平台就位等技术措施,成功实现就位作业。     

“老脚印”对自升式钻井平台插桩滑移的影响研究

渤海海域自升式钻井平台作业频率高,在同一区块多次插桩作业情况多,为自升式平台插桩作业带来严重的滑移风险。通过建立常用的两种类型桩靴的有限元分析模型,采用模拟计算和对比分析的研究方法,对在“老脚印”不同距离位置插桩时,桩基土体的塑性破坏特性、运移规律及桩靴所受侧向滑移力进行了模拟研究,得出了在不同土质条件下,桩基土和桩靴的受力特性及规律,分析了不同位置的“老脚印“对自升式平台插桩滑移风险的影响。     

自升式钻井平台重复就位滑移分析及控制

自升式钻井平台在东海的作业量随着西湖地区勘探开发的不断发展而在增加。因受台风影响及在同一地点多次作业的原因,自升式钻井平台不可避免地会在上一次作业位置附近重复作业,引起桩靴滑移现象,可能造成就位后悬臂梁覆盖能力下降,无法满足钻井作业需求,甚至影响平台结构安全,造成工程事故,大大增加了作业风险。本文以H9自升式钻井平台桩靴为例,分析了桩靴部分重合工况下的受力特点,研究了海底土体破坏形式,提出了不同类型土质条件下的桩靴水平力计算模型,并利用滑移线有限差分法近似计算桩靴极限载荷。对H9平台在现场重复就位时采取的措施进行了分析,并根据海上作业要求提出了一系列安全控制措施,为安全高效地实现平台重复就位提供了参考。     

海上风电勘探装备研发与应用

配置合理的海上风电勘探装备,对海上风电地质钻探至关重要,而配置合理、功能齐备的海上风电勘探平台更是重中之重。为了提升35 m以上水深海上风电勘探作业工效、安全、精度,本文主要从平台运维功能和勘探功能设计为切入点,针对性地开展了平台主要技术规格、升降操控系统、场区设计、现场土工试验室等方面的海上风电勘探自升式勘探平台装备的功能设计与研究,研发了具备双孔勘探能力的自升式勘探平台,并在投产运营2年中,取得了良好的使用效果,勘探工效、安全性大大提升,达到了研发的目标,为海上风电勘探提供了有力的装备支撑。     

海底第四系水文地质勘探井——嵊泗二井施工工艺的探讨

为了查明浙江省嵊泗列岛北部海底第四系水文地质情况,中国煤炭地质总局第三水文地质队于2007年成功实施了水文地质勘探井--嵊泗二井.该井施工采用小型自升式钻井平台与驳船及辅助船只组合的方式,解决了平台与驳船的连接,克服了风浪和潮汐的影响,以井口管隔离海水并防范地下浅层气逸出;最后采用改造的无簧复位水力式内割刀方式完成弃井作业.整套施工工艺可为海上钻探施工提供借鉴.     

自升式石油钻井平台井位工程地质调查的程序和方法

了解井场的地形、地貌、沉积物、浅部地层、水文气象、土层的工程力学性质、区域地质背景和不稳定因素,对自升式石油钻井平台的抛锚、就位、插桩、施工的作业安全与工程地质条件评价是至关重要的。井位调查范围以预定石油钻井位置为中心,海区工作程度高的地区调查面积为1×1公     

多功能地质勘察平台关键结构设计与应用

本文结合小型简易式平台、“探海1号”大陆架科学钻探平台等设计建造应用的经验,对多功能地质勘察平台模块化连接、升降模块以及桩靴等关键结构进行设计及应用,创新设计解决了平台建造场地限制、运输、方便安装等问题,提高了平台升降、迁移的效率,以适应短周期、需频繁移动平台的海上工程勘察项目。通过实际应用效果良好。     

岩土工程地质勘察中质量影响因素及控制措施分析

岩土工程勘察是一项复杂的地质工作,科学合理的施工方案是保证岩土工程建设质量与进度的基础。通过分析影响岩土工程地质勘察质量的控制因素的基础上,可知人为因素、技术市场及制度因素等均可影响地质勘察的质量,提出应加强勘察控制质量的有效措施,为推进岩土工程建设提供保障。     

“探海1号”大陆架科学钻探平台液压升降系统

“探海1号”大陆架科学钻探平台是一座自升式浅海地质钻探平台,液压升降系统作为其核心部分,通过执行放桩、插桩、升（降）平台、拔桩等动作,来实现平台的升降。该系统由4套独立的液压升降装置组成,每一套液压升降装置工作时由操作台发出指令,液压驱动系统提供动力,升降桶执行动作,通过这3部分的协调配合确保执行动作的效果。本文详细阐述了平台液压升降系统的性能、结构、工作原理、操控等方面的设计,并且针对实际应用中发现的不足,提出了优化改进方向。     

漂浮式水上钻探平台的设计与应用

根据贵州省清水江三板溪水电站低温水治理隔水幕墙试验工程中水下钻孔的施工工艺和要求,设计了漂浮式水上钻探平台。平台主要由甲板、定位系统、吊装系统、钻探施工系统组成。甲板作为水上载体,主要是用来提供浮力及工作台面;定位系统用来完成平台在水中的移动及固定;吊装系统主要功能是在悬臂吊旋转半径内完成平台上相关物资、大型工器具等的起吊移动;钻探施工系统即实施钻探工作,完成水下钻孔。通过现场实际应用,该平台设计合理,相关配套符合要求,完全能够满足项目所需水下钻孔的钻探工作。平台的成功应用,为以后类似项目在作业平台及钻探施工设备的选用配套上提供了借鉴。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861