安徽庐枞盆地中段重磁电特征及地质意义

安徽庐枞盆地是长江中下游成矿带的重要矿集区,其深部火山岩基底性质不明,制约了矿产勘探的开展。通过对庐枞火山岩盆地中段1∶5万高精度重磁数据及大地电磁测深数据进行再处理,探讨该区地球物理场的特征及其地质意义。结果表明：庐枞火山岩盆地位于NE向古生代地层褶皱带的“鞍部”,火山岩厚度与重力剩余异常幅值变化具有较好的对应关系;火山岩之下主体为隐伏侵入岩,呈似厚层状,底界面厚度为3～4 km,黄屯—枞阳断裂与罗河断裂是主要的深部岩浆通道。推断盆地内三叠系—石炭系主体被侵位,部分泥盆系—志留系在隐伏侵入岩之下发育。研究成果可为庐枞盆地基础地质研究及找矿预测提供参考。     

延边地区成矿地质条件及金矿找矿

延边地区是吉林省重要产金区之一。金矿与中元古界色洛河群、下古生界五道沟群、三叠－侏罗纪火山岩系及华力西－燕山期中酸性侵入岩、次火山岩和ＮＥ、ＮＷＷ向深断裂带及ＥＷ、ＳＮ向断裂构造、火山构造密切相关。具有较好的找矿前景。     

内蒙古东部闹牛山——巨里河铜多金属矿带矿床空间分布的分…

本文以分维理论探讨了闹牛山－巨里河火山一次火山岩型铜多金属矿带的矿床空间分形特征，并以分维值论述了矿化集中空间分布结构，提出靠近嫩江断裂一侧是进一步找矿的有利地区。     

三江北段雁石坪地区成矿地球化学条件分析

在三江北段雁石坪地区1∶5万化探工作中,通过元素组合特征和特征元素异常组合的分析,对雁石坪地区基础地质进行讨论,认为区内有较大规模的中基性火山岩(次火山岩)分布;存在一定规模中酸性侵入岩或脉岩群;雁石坪断裂、温泉兵站断裂等为区内导岩、控岩的较深大断裂,楚多—查琼北西向断裂带为导矿、控矿断裂带;背斜构造成矿条件优于向斜构造。基于以上认识,认为该区成岩成矿作用与中基性、中酸性岩浆活动密切相关,中、低温热液成矿和铁铜多金属成矿总体上属火山岩型、沉积—改造型。     

因子分类法在黑龙江塔河地区地质填图中的应用

利用因子分类法在黑龙江塔河地区进行地球化学单元识别,根据各单元的理论地球化学意义及其与地质单元的对应关系,进行浅覆盖区地质填图研究。充分提取区域化探资料中的地球化学信息,将研究区识别为具有特定地质、地球化学意义的5个地球化学单元。其中:Be、Nb、Sn、Y、Rb单元主要反映研究区古生代花岗岩和中生代酸碱性火山岩的分布;Co、TFe、Cr、Ni、V、Ti、MgO单元主要反映研究区早元古代侵入岩、变质岩和古生代基性岩体的分布;SiO2、K2O、Na2O单元反映的地质单元主要为古生代侵入岩、中生代酸碱性火山岩和沉积岩;Al2O3、Li、F单元主要反映中生代火山岩的分布;CaO、Sr、Ba单元反映的是中生代沉积岩,可能与生物沉积作用有关,代表比较稳定的沉积环境。同时,根据不同单元的分布形态和边界走向,识别和推断了研究区的北东、北西、南北及东西向断裂构造。     

浙江高岭土矿床中氢氧同位素的研究

浙江省是我国高岭土矿的产地之一,矿床主要集中于浙南火山岩地区。浙南地区广泛分布中生代的中酸性火山碎屑岩、熔岩及浅成侵入岩,构造断裂发育,气候温暖湿润,具有风化或热液作用形成高岭土矿床的有利地质条件。     

利用航磁数据推断隐伏（半隐伏）岩体

研究区位于河北省北部,区内断裂十分发育,并有较多的区域性背景磁异常.根据断裂构造在各种航磁△T图上的表现,本次共解译大小断裂构造100余条.通过对本区的变质岩、火山岩和沉积岩磁放性进行比较研究.结合对工作区各地质单元(沉积盖层)岩石野外实测磁性参数和侵入岩单元岩石野外实测磁性参教的统计结果,工作采取从已知到未知和磁异常高低比较的办法同,共预测隐伏、半隐伏岩体44个.其中强磁性侵入岩和非侵入岩强磁性体24个;半隐伏中性、中酸性、酸性及碱性岩体7个;突出的高值异常隐佚岩体7个;微弱磁异常隐佚岩体5个.     

中国东南部中生代火山岩区域成矿条件

本文在对我国东南部中生代火山岩构造环境与区域成矿研究基础上,依据火山活动特点,从火山岩盆地性质;火山喷发旋回发育程度;火山岩盆地的主岩性;火山-侵入岩岩性与产出部位;活动断裂及其次级断裂;火山机构及其周围的构造;围岩蚀变等七个方面,对火山岩盆地的成矿条件进行分析,并指出在普查找矿中应如何正确运用。     

大兴安岭东坡中——南段铜多金属矿床找矿研究中的几个问题

宏观论述了该地区主要找矿类型－－次火山岩型铜多金属矿床的地质特征，断裂构造控矿作用及斑岩型矿化与次火山岩型矿化的关系。     

安徽庐枞中生代富钾火山岩成因的地球化学制约

庐枞中生代火山岩产于下扬子断裂坳陷带的继承式火山盆地中，主要为一套以粗面玄武岩－玄武粗安岩－安粗岩－粗面岩为主体的偏碱质中基性岩石组合。化学成分上具有富碱、富钾、富轻稀土及大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Th、Pb)和贫高场强元素（如Nb、Ti)等特点。在郯庐断裂中南段及其邻近地区的中生代火山岩中，庐枞盆地火山岩的特征最接近钾玄岩系火山岩。这套火山岩具有较高的ISr值（0.70570-0.70653)及偏低的εNd(t)值（－5.01～-9.96)。火山岩产出地质背景的全面分析及元素－同位素的综合示踪，排除了岩浆上升过程中存在强烈的地壳物质的混染，富钾火山岩的岩浆源区应为受俯冲板片析出流体交代作用所形成的富集地幔（EMI），岩石主要起源于富集型地幔的部分熔融。     

滇东南富宁地区基性侵入岩及喷出岩时代

在滇东南富宁地区基性侵入岩、喷出岩较发育,前人将其划分为"半瓦型"侵入岩、"安定型"侵入岩和"龙康型"喷出岩3类,3类岩石普遍缺乏可靠的同位素年代学资料。在对富宁地区基性侵入岩、喷出岩进行区域地质调查的基础上,应用LAICP-MS技术对其进行锆石U-Pb测年,在半瓦型侵入岩和安定型侵入岩中分别获得了254.0±2.0Ma和244.2±4.4Ma的加权平均年龄,在龙康型喷出岩中获得251.9±3.0Ma和255.92±0.72Ma加权平均年龄。结合野外调查和综合研究,将富宁地区"安定型"侵入岩的时代界定于中三叠世,将"半瓦型"侵入岩和"龙康型"喷出岩的时代界定于晚二叠世。     

中国东部北黄海盆地东部坳陷岩浆活动特征及其与区域构造的耦合关系

如何深入了解中国东部北黄海盆地东部坳陷岩浆活动特征是目前研究的前沿之一.为探讨早白垩世异常剧烈岩浆活动的区域构造成因并揭示中国东部的构造动力学机制,利用井-震及岩浆岩测试资料,对北黄海盆地岩浆活动特征及其与区域构造的耦合关系进行研究.在空间上刻画了岩浆的侵入相、喷出相的地震反射特征及沿深大断裂展布的平面分布特征;在时间上划分出了包括早白垩世108~115 Ma、134~145 Ma在内的4期岩浆活动.结合区域地质分析认为早白垩世早期,伊泽奈琦板块沿北北西斜向俯冲于欧亚板块之下,太平洋板块向南西方向俯冲,板块剪切作用导致郯庐断裂带左旋走滑,使得盆地处于左旋伸展环境中,内部形成派生的北西向右旋、近南北向左旋的次级共轭断裂系并控制岩浆上侵底辟活动.经过综合分析,厘清了盆地岩浆活动及断裂演化过程与区域板块运动之间的耦合关系.      

冀北地区中生代岩浆岩密度分布特征及其幔枝构造的研究

通过对河北省北部中生代岩浆岩岩石密度及空间分布的统计分析,发现偏酸性岩浆岩具有较低的密度,而偏基性岩浆岩具有较高的密度,喷出火山岩与侵入岩体的密度分布均具规律性。由此推断,河北省北部中生代岩浆活动可能是一个地幔热柱的幔枝,中心以偏基性岩浆活动为主,周围则以偏酸性岩浆活动为主,幔枝的结构控制了本区的成矿作用。     

Extrusive carbonatites: A brief review

49 known extrusive carbonatite occurrences are listed with brief details of their tectonic setting, structure, lithologies, associated silicate rocks, chemistry and presence or absence of included mantle materials. Half the occurrences appear to be related to tephra cones, tuff rings, diatremes and maars and the rest occur within strato-volcanoes. Pyroclastic carbonatitic rocks are present at all the localities, with carbonatite lava flows occurring at only 14 of them. The pyroclastic rocks, which include fallout tephra and deposits from pyroclastic surges and flows and products of phreatomagmatic eruptions, vary from rocks composed principally of carbonate to varieties with as little as 20% igneous carbonate. The most abundant silicate rocks associated with extrusive carbonatites are melilite-bearing rocks, nephelinite and/or ijolite, and phonolite and/or nepheline syenite; seven occurrences have no associated silicate rocks. 16 occurrences, most of them associated with small extrusive centres, contain mantle xenoliths or megacrysts, details of which are tabulated, with spinel lherzolite the most abundant rock type, but amphibole, phlogopite and garnet are also recorded. The lack of such materials in intrusive carbonatites may reflect their less energetic environment of emplacement. It is proposed that carbonatites are essentially of two types: (a) those rising energetically and rapidly from the mantle, which form small explosion craters, ash or tuff cones, or diatremes, have only low-volume associated silicate rocks, and entrain mantle debris, and (b) those which occur in strato-volcanoes, are associated with large volumes of silicate rocks and follow a more complex genesis, probably involving ponding and differentiation (separation from carbonate-bearing silicate magma) at higher levels in the mantle and/or crust. Most of the classic intrusive carbonatite complexes probably fall into the second category.     

新疆阿尔金地区长沙沟一带奥陶纪侵入岩及其演化特征

新疆阿尔金地区长沙沟一带发育的侵入岩岩石类型包括辉石岩、辉长岩、辉绿辉长岩、石英闪长岩和石英二长闪长岩。野外地质特征和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示就位时代均为奥陶纪。其中基性超基性侵入岩具有幔源型特征;中酸性侵入岩显示I型和地S型双重特征,其岩浆主要来源于上地幔,在岩浆上侵过程中同化混染了部分壳源物质,使其具有壳幔混合源的岩浆性质。基性超基性侵入岩形成于超大陆裂解构造环境,系与大陆裂谷或深大断裂有关的深成岩浆作用的产物,中酸性侵入岩是汇聚阶段的产物。     

Tectonic implications of the immobile trace‐element geochemistry of mafic rocks bounding the Wonaminta Block

The Wonaminta Block is bounded on its eastern and western margins by Lower Cambrian or upper Vendian intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. The extrusive rocks include pillow lavas. Low‐grade metamorphism has not influenced the distribution of P2O3, Zr, Y, and Nb, but remobilization of Ti has occurred in rocks containing Ti within the oxide phases rather than in the silicate phases. Immobile trace‐element discrimination techniques indicate that the basalts on the western margin of the Wonaminta Block are alkaline whereas those on the eastern margin are tholeiitic. The possibility that these rocks represent petrological variants across an arc system is discussed.     

Some petrogenetic aspects of Fe2O3: FeO ratio in igneous rocks

The "oxidation ratio" of igneous rocks (F = Fe₂O₃:FeO) depends on the partial pressure of oxygen during crystallization and therefore, in part, on depth of crystallization. For this reason F increases in the order: deep intrusives, dike rocks, extrusives, pyroclastics. Also, in general, F increases with increasing silica content, although there are exceptions. As it is not always easy to distinguish intrusive rocks from extrusive ones, or extrusives from pyroclastics, it is proposed that the oxidation ratio be used as a criterion of fades of igneous rocks. --F. E. Ingersoll.     

The Warnie volcanic province: Jurassic intraplate volcanism in Central Australia

The Cooper and Eromanga Basins of South Australia and Queensland are the largest onshore hydrocarbon producing region in Australia. Igneous rocks have been documented infrequently within end of well reports over the past 34 years, with a late Triassic to Jurassic age determined from well data. However, the areal extent and nature of these basaltic rocks were largely unclear. Here, we integrate seismic, well, gravity, and magnetic data to clarify the extent and character of igneous rocks preserved within Eromanga Basin stratigraphy overlying the Nappamerri Trough of the Cooper Basin. We recognise mafic monogenetic volcanoes that extend into tabular basalt lava flows, igneous intrusions and, more locally, hydrothermally altered compound lava flows. The volcanic province covers ∼7500 km² and is proposed to have been active between ∼180–160 Ma. We term this Jurassic volcanic province the Warnie Volcanic Province (WVP) after the Warnie East 1 exploration well, drilled in 1985. The distribution of extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks is primarily controlled by basement structure, with extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks elongate in a NW-SE direction. Finally, we detail how the WVP fits into the record of Jurassic volcanism in eastern Australia. The WVP is interpreted as a product of extension and intraplate convective upwelling above the subducting Pacific Slab. The discovery of the WVP raises the possibility of other, yet unidentified, volcanic provinces worldwide.