柴达木盆地西部埋藏史分析与油气关系类型

地层埋藏史研究是借助计算机恢复地层古厚度,动态的再现盆地的沉积发育过程,同时也是含油气系统研究的核心内容,是研究油气的生、运、聚及成藏过程的基础和关键。本文在区域概况分析的基础上,应用EASY％R。方法定量计算了柴达木盆地西部31口重点探井的剥蚀量,并应用实例详细论证了该方法恢复的剥蚀量是合理可靠的,然后应用回剥技术恢复原始地层厚度,做出了单井埋藏史图。并划分出了连续沉积型、中期剥蚀型和晚期强烈剥蚀型3种埋藏史类型。埋藏史与油气的关系密切：未遭受强烈抬升、剥蚀影响的地区能够较好的保存原生油气藏;而后期的强烈剥蚀使得早期的原生油气藏遭到破坏,同时又导致了浅层次生油气藏的形成。这对正确认识该地区沉积沉降演化历史和成藏机制,指导油气勘探具有重要作用。     

埕岛复式含油气系统研究及评价

针对渤海湾南部埕岛地区的油气成藏特征和较高勘探程度的特点，对埕岛复式含油气系统（composite petroleum system)，含油气系统，亚油气系统和子系统进行了四个不同勘探级次的划分，描述，以及各含油气系统之间相互关系的讨论，从油气的生成，运移，聚集，保存和破坏有机联系的四个方面18种要素，对不同级次的系统用多级模型综合评判的数学方法，进行了综合定量评价，并在此基础上优选出下一步的有利勘探目标。     

深层油气资源盆地模拟生排烃数值模型及其应用

深层烃源岩大多经历了多期构造运动,尤以抬升再沉降运动最为典型,这种抬升再沉降型烃源岩,经历了独特的地层埋藏史,热史,有机成熟史,生烃史,排烃史及运聚史,从而严重影响着其油气资源潜力,文章在研究该类运动对含油气盆地油气藏形成诸因素影响机理的基础上,利用数值模拟手段,进行含油气盆地生排烃研究,以分析,评价盆地深化层油气资源潜力,为深层油气勘探服务。     

含油气系统在琼东南盆地B构造上的应用

从含油气系统特征出发,结合生烃凹陷的埋藏史、热史及生排烃史,动态地分析了多年来一直被许多学者所关注的琼东南盆地Ｂ构造油气运聚与该构造形成演化之间的匹配关系,并分别对上、下两个含油气系统成藏条件进行评价,指出了它们之间存在明显不同特征。其中下含油气系统更为有利,并认为地层异常高压可能成为该构造勘探成功与否的主要风险因素之一。     

孙虎地区埋藏史分析及与油气关系研究

埋藏史研究是含油气系统研究的核心内容 ,是研究油气的生、运、聚及成藏过程的关键。在区域背景分析的基础上 ,定量计算了孙虎地区各地层单元的剥蚀厚度 ;通过压实、剥蚀恢复动态地分析了源岩层的埋藏史 ;结合源岩生烃门限分析 ,分析了单井和平面上源岩的生、排烃期。认为孙虎地区存在 3种类型的埋藏史 ;由于二次沉降的幅度小 ,未能超过第一次沉降的幅度 ,所以本区不存在二次生烃问题     

塔里木盆地动态数值模拟

在Sun工作站Motif界面环境下，针对塔里木盆地复杂的地质条件，完成了三维油气盆地模拟，包括地史、热史、古水动力史、生排烃史模拟及油气资源量的模拟计算，将塔里木盆地划分为三大油气系统，即满加尔油气系统、塔西南油气系统、库车油气系统，并指出塔里木盆地油气勘探的有利地区。     

松辽盆地石炭-二叠系烃源岩研究

松辽盆地石炭-二叠系是烃源岩，沉积埋藏史可划分出持续深埋型、平衡埋藏型和短暂浅埋型3种类型。早白垩世晚期，石炭—二叠系烃源岩地温又一次达到并超过90℃，开始第二期生烃，油、气并生。这一时期，有效供烃区位于盆地东南部农安地区、西北部黑鱼泡地区，生气强度超过了生油强度。通过对石炭—二叠系沉积埋藏史、有机质热演化史和生烃史研究，无论对于深层找气，还是对盆地中新生代地层的油气勘探都具有十分重要的地质意义。     

塔北地区寒武系—奥陶系源岩含油气系统研究

寒武系—奥陶系源岩含油气系统是塔北地区最重要的一类已知含油气系统。据生烃期,寒武系—奥陶系源岩含油气系统进一步划分为早期和晚期两个亚系统。通过保存条件分析, 本文引入了残留含油气系统和原型含油气系统概念。早期亚系统属残留含油气系统, 晚期亚系统为原型含油气系统。早期亚系统可能形成大型油气田,是寻找大油气田的重要勘探目标,但其经历长时间的发展演化, 保存条件是影响勘探的关键因素, 晚期亚系统以中小型油气田为主, 其成藏晚, 保存条件较好,是目前的重要勘探对象。     

下扬子区皖南地区含油气系统分析

利用BASIMS盆地模拟软件，通过对下扬子区皖南地区的盆地模拟研究，对该区从纵向上划分出三套含油气系统，并对这三套含油气系统从烃源（晚期生烃）、晚期成藏、有效保存三个关键因素出发，通过三套含油气系统四个关键时刻的平面评价分析，评选出有利勘探地区，主要上古生界及中新生界保存较好的地区：宣州－南陵、芜湖、潜山－望江和休宁四个地区。     

利用油藏地质地球化学特征综合划分含油气系统

含油气系统的划分和范围的确定关系到油气勘探的方向和有利区带的选择,油源对比是含油气系统划分的关键.在缺乏成熟烃源岩样品的情况下,须结合油气藏的地质特征和演化历史,才能科学地划分含油气系统.据中非Muglad盆地Nugara坳陷同-构造上两个油田的地质分析和原油地球化学分析,把坳陷划分为两个独立的含油气系统,不同油田属于不同的系统.这一思路可为今后复杂构造演化区和裂谷盆地含油气系统研究提供借鉴.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861