连云港海域海水温度近40年来的变化及突变分析

利用2种突变检测方法对连云港海域近40a海水温度的变化特征及突变特征进行了综合分析。结果表明:连云港海域近40a海水温度变化的阶段性特征明显,海水温度的冷暖交替具有突变特征,突变点为1994年。     

近15 a来三门湾海域氮、磷营养盐分布与富营养化状况的变化分析

以1997年8月中旬和2011年10月中旬对三门湾附近海域开展的海域水质现状调查为依据,分析了近15 a间该海域水体环境氮、磷营养盐的分布现状及变化特征。结果表明:近15 a来,三门湾海域的无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量均成倍增长,水体营养程度由轻度富营养化逐步上升为重度富营养化;从营养结构来看,活性磷酸盐仍为限制性富营养化因子;大量的海水养殖是导致该海域营养盐大幅提高的直接原因。因此,为控制三门湾的富营养化现象进一步加剧,建议适度控制海水养殖规模,调整海水养殖结构,加强对三门湾沿岸排污控制,以获得养殖经济效益和生态环境效益的协调、可持续发展。     

日本海海域1988—2017年气旋的特征分析

在ERA-Interim的平均海平面气压数据的基础上,运用气旋追踪算法和气旋密度估计算法,研究了1988—2017年期间日本海海域气旋的气候特征.首先阐述了近30 a日本海气旋频数的变化特征,并通过M-K突变检验分析了其突变特征.然后从时间和空间两个角度探讨了近30 a日本海气旋强度、源地密度、轨迹密度和消亡密度的特征...     

东海沿岸海域表层海水酸化趋势及影响因素研究

根据2002—2011年东海沿岸海域(4个区域,16个站位)春、夏、秋三个季节的表层海水pH、温度、盐度和叶绿素a等监测资料,对该海域pH的年际时空变化及其影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明,东海沿岸海域表层海水十年间pH变化趋势存在明显的季节和区域差异,共有10个站点表层海水pH呈下降趋势,主要集中于长江口和杭州湾海域,而三门湾和椒江口海域的酸化则不明显。环境因子相关性分析显示,杭州湾海域夏季表层海水的pH与叶绿素a浓度呈极显著正相关,其它海域两者间未显示出显著的相关性;杭州湾海域的pH与海表温度也存在显著的相关性,但季节不同趋势不同,呈现出春季正相关而夏季负相关的特征;pH与盐度的关系在各海域表现得更加明显,长江口、杭州湾和三门湾三个调查海区海水的pH变化与盐度都存在显著的正相关。总之,在10年的连续监测内东海沿岸海域存在一定程度的酸化趋势,其影响机制还需进一步研究。     

大亚湾及其邻近海域冬季温度、盐度的分布及日变化特征

根据2018年1月冬季航次的水文实测资料,详细分析了大亚湾海水温度(T)、盐度(S)的分布特征。整体而言,观测海区海表相对于海底具有高温低盐的特征;同时,无论是表层还是近底层,大亚湾湾内的海水相对于湾外都呈现高温低盐的特征。观测期间,应是受到大亚湾核电站温排水的影响,湾内西侧存在一个高温中心。盐度的差异在近底层更加明显,低盐中心位于大亚湾的湾顶和大亚湾的中部海域,而高盐中心则主要分布于湾口西侧及惠东以东附近海域。太阳辐射和潮流变化是影响大亚湾温度、盐度变化的两大重要因素。其中,太阳辐射的影响主要局限于表层3~4 m,对近底层海水的影响较小;其加热效应使湾内和湾口附近的表层海水都表现出明显的昼夜变化。由潮汐和温度、盐度的对应关系可知,潮流对湾内温度、盐度的影响较大,而对湾外温度、盐度的影响较小。     

东山八尺门海堤西侧网箱养殖海域营养状态初探

本文根据1989年10月和1990年4月在福建东山县八尺门海堤西侧网箱养殖海域现场调查获得的海水化学、浮游植物、叶绿素a等资料,以有机污染指数和营养状态指数为指标,研究了该海域的营养状态,结果表明:1989年4月中旬,该海域有机污染严重,富营养化程度高。底层水呈低氧或无氧状态。推测10月9日夜间网养鱼大量死亡的主要原因是水体缺氧状态加剧所致。     

2008年夏季楚科奇陆架海域近底层水温大幅快速变化事件研究

2008年夏季中国第3次北极科学考察期间,利用锚碇潜标对北冰洋楚科奇陆架海域进行了为期33 d的海流剖面、近底层温度与盐度连续观测。观测数据显示楚科奇陆架海域近底层海水温度出现了两次较大幅度的快速升降现象。结合此次科学考察R断面温盐深仪(CTD)观测资料、以及卫星遥感海表温度(SST)和海表风场等资料,综合分析表明:观测到的这种快速升、降温现象不仅发生在近底层;这种快速升、降温现象应该是由海水温度锋面在夏季整体缓慢北移的同时存在短暂南北摆动所导致;温度锋面的季节性北移属于北极气候特征,而温度锋面短暂的南北摆动则与短期天气过程有关。     

泉州湾表层水主要化学要素含量和富营养化指数的时空变化特征

根据泉州湾2010年4个航次的现场调查资料,分析泉州湾表层海水中化学需氧量、无机氮、活性磷酸盐含量的季节变化特征,应用海湾富营养化评价模式对泉州湾海域海水富营养化状态进行评价,得出秋季和冬季富营养化指数（17.85和18.32）相对较高,夏季和春季富营养化指数（3.02和5.89）相对较低,与无机氮、活性磷酸盐含量的季节变化特征相似.根据近20 a泉州湾海域历史监测数据得出富营养化指数年际变化特征呈现先缓慢升高,后下降,最后又升高的趋势,与无机氮、活性磷酸盐的年均含量变化特征基本相似,近几年来富营养化指数（14.57）急剧增大,表明泉州湾海水富营养化程度非常严重.泉州湾海水富营养化指数平面分布特征总体上呈现由湾口向晋江入海口、后渚附近海域逐渐递增的趋势,与无机氮含量平面分布特征一致,与活性磷酸盐含量平面分布特征相似.     

长江口近岸表层海水污染因子的分类判别与环境质量综合评价

根据2003—2008年进行的对长江口近岸海域表层水质12个航次的监测统计结果,采用参评因子动态排序法,对近年来长江口近岸海域表层海水中的主要污染因子进行了分类判别,综合评价了长江口近岸海域表层海水环境质量状况。结果表明,近5年来长江口近岸海域表层海水环境中CODMn为常态因子,DIN、PO4-P、Hg和Pb为关键因子,As和Cd为预警因子;近5年来长江口近岸海域表层海水环境质量总体上处于三类海水水质水平,且海水环境质量有恶化趋势,但幅度不大。此外,参评因子动态排序法的各参评因子的权重值的确定完全建立在监测数据的客观基础上,综合评价结果不受人为主观因素的影响,反映海水环境综合质量的时空变化特征比较客观,具有普适性,值得在海洋环境评价领域推广。     

浅谈茅尾海综合整治对海水水质的影响

2011年11月至2013年6月对茅尾海海域进行了调查,对海水中的温度、盐度、pH值、油类、无机氮和磷酸盐进行了分析。结果表明,茅尾海综合整治工程的开展有助于其周边水质状况的改善,水质大部分符合国家二类海水水质标准。环境因子突变值多发生在河口区和生活区,受人类活动影响显著。     

Trends in the variation of the sea level in the lagoons of the Southeastern Baltic

This paper analyses the global tendency of the sea level rise (SLR) and its long term influence on the sea level upstream drainage cascade based on the example of the level’s variation in the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea compared to the other lagoons and coastal regions of the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. A steady positive trend in the water level variations was revealed; its magnitude varies significantly depending on the time period. In general, during the 100–150 year period, the rate of the SLR in the lagoons and coastal areas of the Baltic Sea (1.7–1.8 mm per year) is close to the SLR rate in the World Ocean. In the second half of the 20th century, the increased rate of the SLR in the lagoons and marine areas became stronger (up to 3.6 mm per year in the Vistula Lagoon and in 1959–2006 in the sea and exceeded the rate of global ocean SLR). It dramatically increased at the end of the last century both in the lagoons and in the sea (up to 10.0–15.0 mm per year). This is the response not only to the global climate warming but it is likely that it is also a response to the changes of the climate driving forces that influence the regimes of the local wind and precipitation in the catchment.     

Distribution of Pacific-origin water in the region of the Chukchi Plateau in the Arctic Ocean in the summer of 2003

1Introduction Besidestheprecipitationandriverdischarges,the watersinthePacificOceanandtheAtlanticOceanare thesourcesoftheArcticOceanwater.TheAtlantic waterenterstheArcticOceanviatheFramStraitand theBarentsSea.Foritsdenserfeatureduetohigh salinity,mostofitsinkstothenorthofSvaldbardand circulatesinallthedeepbasinsintheArcticOcean, formingthedeepandbottomwatersoftheArcticO- cean(Aagaardetal.,1985;Rudelsetal.,1999).The BeringStraitistheonlychannelforthePacificwater toflowintotheArcticOce…     

Variations in the Kinematics of Deformation in the Vicinity of the Catastrophic Sumatra Earthquake

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The Great Andaman–Sumatra earthquake (GASE) on December 26, 2004, with magnitude Mw of 9.2, occurred in the Indian Ocean near the northwestern...     

Peculiarities in the distribution of hydrocarbons in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea

Data on the contents and compositions of the hydrocarbons (HCs)—aliphatic (AHCs) and polycyclic aromatic (PAHs)—are provided in comparison with the contents of the total organic carbon (C_org), the lipids in the particulates, and the C_org in bottom sediments. Particular attention has been paid to the distribution of the HCs in the water area of the Kravtsov oil field. It has been established that the concentrations of AHCs in the water are governed by the content of particulates, and the elevated AHC concentrations are confined to the coastal areas. In the water area of platform D-6, the sandy bottom sediments were notable for the great variability of the HC concentrations, both laterally and from year to year. In the summer of 2010, the content of AHCs averaged 40 μg/g (19% in the C_org), and that of PAHs, 23 ng/g. Natural seepage from the sediment mass is considered to be a source of HCs along with oil contamination.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

鄂霍茨克海北部沉积盆地的含油气层系

1 古新-下渐新统含油气层系 古新-始新统母岩形成于滨海和湖泊沉积环境中,并在大量冲积源的参与之下,促进了含分散有机质混合类型砂-黏土质陆源岩层的堆积。在中国东北诸盆地中,含工业油气的白垩-早第三纪建造形成于开阔的浅水和深水湖泊环境中。与中国的盆地类似,在下第三系下部     

Causes of the bottom hypoxia in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland in the baltic sea

The data on the bottom concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland obtained in 1923–1939 and in 1962–1989 were analyzed. No statistically reliable differences were found between the two periods studied. It was found that, during the 20th century, the fluctuations in the oxygen concentration were caused by the interannual variability of the winter severity and water salinity. A strong oxygen deficit in the summer was recorded after cold winters, when early freezing suppressed the vertical mixing, and/or in the years of a significant inflow of salt waters from the Baltic Sea with low oxygen contents. It is likely that the long-term dynamics of the oxygen concentration near the bottom in the open parts of the bay is determined by the large-scale variability of the hydrometeorological parameters.     

Role of the small-size fraction of mesozooplankton in the pelagic community of the northeastern part of the Black Sea in the autumn

The role of the small-size (SF; 0.1–0.5 mm) and large-size (LF; 0.5–20.0 mm) fractions in the biomass and abundance of mesozooplankton (0.1–20.0 mm) was assessed using the database of samples obtained during the cruises of RV Akvanavt in the northeastern Black Sea in November 2000 and October 2006. The mesozooplankton was collected by means of Juday nets (37/50, filtering gauze 160 μm) and Niskin bottles in two areas: (1) the shelf and continental slope (30–1480 m depth) and (2) the deep sea (depths of more than 1500 m). The plankton net was considerably less effective in collecting the SF of the mesozooplankton (by a factor of 30–36) than the Niskin bottles. When comparing the SF and LF, we estimated the abundance and biomass of the SF in the samples obtained with the Niskin bottles. The abundance of the SF in the deep-sea area was 2.5 times lower compared to the shelf and continental slope, and the LF abundance was 5.0 times lower in the same way. The abundance of the SF constituted 88% of the total mesozooplankton on the shelf and continental slope, and 78% in the deep-sea area. The biomass of the SF was higher as well on the shelf and continental slope. Meroplankton played a significant role in the SF zooplankton abundance (0.5 × 10³ + 0.16 ind. m⁻³) in this area. The SF grazing impact was 10% of the total mesozooplankton grazing on the shelf and continental slope, and 17% in the deepsea area. Appendicularia and nauplii of copepods had the greatest contribution to the mesozooplankton grazing among the SF group.     

近30年来莱州湾滨海湿地景观格局变化特征研究

基于莱州湾滨海湿地特征以及野外实地观测数据,利用landsat遥感影像手段,揭示1990—2018年莱州湾滨海湿地景观格局变化特征,并结合景观指数分析莱州湾滨海湿地异质性.结果表明,1990—2018年间,莱州湾滨海湿地呈现人工滨海湿地面积增加而天然滨海湿地面积减少的趋势.截至2018年莱州湾滨海湿地面积总计1954 ...