工程地震研究中的地震问题：——进展与动态

通过对地震发生模型、地震的震源特性，不确定性问题和ＧＩＳ技术的应用等４方面的阐述，提出了工程场地地震安全性评价的发展趋势及新理论、新技术的运用。     

工程地震保险研究

对国外几家保险公司近几十年来承保的跨海桥梁隧道、核电工程、高技术设施、重要实验室、城市基础设施等地震保险进行了初步调查,试图总结这种责任保险和商业保险提供的经验和启示。调查分析结果以报告形式提供给有关单位。     

《地震工程与工程振动》征稿简则

《地震工程与工程振动》1981年正式创刊,双月刊,国内外公开发行。本刊系中国自然科学核心期刊、中国期刊方阵双效期刊、中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库源刊以及中国学术期刊综合评价数据库源刊。本刊主要登载国内外地震工程与工程振动方面的学术论文,综述性文章和问题讨论、学术动态等。其内容包括:强震观测与分析;工程结构抗震理论;结构、工程体系的震害调查总结和震害评定;地震危险性分析和地震小区划;岩土地震工程和场地效应;建筑物与生命线系统的抗震性能和设计原理;结构地震模拟实验;结构控制技术和智能材料的应用;结构健康诊断;抗震设计规范、标准;地震社会问题;土木建筑、道桥以及水利工程方面的抗震问题等。     

《地震工程与工程振动》征稿简则

《地震工程与工程振动》1981年正式创刊,双月刊,国内外公开发行。本刊系中国自然科学核心期刊、中国期刊方阵双效期刊、中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库源刊以及中国学术期刊综合评价数据库源刊。本刊主要登载国内外地震工程与工程振动方面的学术论文,综述性文章和问题讨论、学术动态等。其内容包括:强震观测与分析;工程结构抗震理论;结构、工程体系的震害调查总结和震害评定;地震危险性分析和地震小区划;岩土地震工程和场地效应;建筑物与生命线系统的抗震性能和设计原理;结构地震模拟实验;结构控制技术和智能材料的应用;结构健康诊断;抗震设计规范、标准;地震社会问题;土木建筑、道桥以及水利工程方面的抗震问题等。     

《地震工程与工程振动》征稿简则

《地震工程与工程振动》1981年正式创刊,双月刊,国内外公开发行。本刊系中国自然科学核心期刊、中国期刊方阵双效期刊、中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库源刊以及中国学术期刊综合评价数据库源刊。本刊主要登载国内外地震工程与工程振动方面的学术论文,综述性文章和问题讨论、学术动态等。其内容包括:强震观测与分析;工程结构抗震理论;结构、工程体系的震害调查总结和震害评定;地震危险性分析和地震小区划;岩土地震工程和场地效应;建筑物与生命线系统的抗震性能和设计原理;结构地震模拟实验;结构控制技术和智能材料的应用;结构健康诊断;抗震设计规范、标准;地震社会问题;土木建筑、道桥以及水利工程方面的抗震问题等。     

工程地震与工程建设

工程地震是地震学为解决工程建设中地震问题的专门研究领域,其目的是为工程建设的抗震设防提供科学合理的依据。为了使服务于工程建设的工程地震事业能够健康茁壮地发展,文章针对我国工程地震中存在的问题,提出了妥善解决的建议 。     

ANSYS/LS-DYNA在地震工程中的应用

近年在国内很流行的大型通用程序ANSYS不但具有强大的前后处理功能、丰富的单元类型和材料库,而且该软件中有一个LS-DYNA模块采用了粘性边界（viscous boundary）来模拟无限域的影响,从而可以方便地、较准确地进行地基动力作用分析.国外利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA进行地基动力作用分析非常普遍,而国内还未见到将ANSYS/LS-DYNA用于地震工程.本文将介绍如何利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA进行地基动力作用分析,同时,由于软件中用于模拟无限域的粘性边界精度较低,本文提出采用精度较高的粘-弹性边界替换粘性边界,从而改善了计算结果.     

Theory and implementation of switch‐based hybrid simulation technology for earthquake engineering applications

Hybrid simulation (HS) is a novel technique to combine analytical and experimental sub‐assemblies to examine the dynamic responses of a structure during an earthquake shaking. Traditionally, HS uses displacement‐based control where the finite element program calculates trial displacements and applies them to both the analytical and experimental sub‐assemblies. Displacement‐based HS (DHS) has been proven to work well for most structural sub‐assemblies. However, for specimens with high stiffness, traditional DHS does not work because it is difficult to precisely control hydraulic actuators in small displacement. A small control error in displacement will result in large force response fluctuations for stiff specimens. This paper resolves this challenge by proposing a force‐based HS (FHS) algorithm that directly calculates trial forces instead of trial displacements. The proposed FHS is finite element based and applicable to both linear and nonlinear systems. For specimens with drastic changes in stiffness, such as yielding, a switch‐based HS (SHS) algorithm is proposed. A stiffness‐based switching criterion between the DHS and FHS algorithms is presented in this paper. All the developed algorithms are applied to a simple one‐story one‐bay concentrically braced moment frame. The result shows that SHS outperforms DHS and FHS. SHS is then utilized to validate the seismic performance of an innovative earthquake resilient fused structure. The result shows that SHS works in switching between the DHS and FHS modes for a highly nonlinear and highly indeterminate structural system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

生命线地震工程的研究进展

以我国、美国和日本的研究成果为依据，综述了生命线地震工程的研究概况、研究对象、震后恢复过程优化以及抗震防灾对策的新趋势。     

浅谈我国地震工程专业软件的发展

本文明确提出了地震工程专业软件的概念,说明了它的作用;在总结我国地震工程专业软件发展概况的基础上,剖析了其发展缓慢的主客观原因;提出了现阶段我国地震工程专业软件的发展策略,并对其研发工作给出了几条具体的建议。     

宁洱6.4级地震城市工程震害调查

本文根据2007年6月3日发生的云南省宁洱6.4级地震现场调查结果,简要分析了此次地震记录到的强震加速度记录及其与工程结构震害的关系,简要描述并总结分析了调查获得的各类城市工程结构、非结构附属物及设备等的部分震害状况及原因,并针对性的给出了提高其抗震性能的建议,探讨提出了需要进一步深入研究的问题。     

Conceptual seismic design in performance-based earthquake engineering

A principal aspect of seismic design is the verification of performance limit states, which help ensure satisfactory behaviour within a performance-based earthquake engineering framework. However, it is increasingly acknowledged that while ensuring life safety is a suitable basic design requirement, more meaningful metrics of seismic performance exist. Expected annual loss (EAL) has gained attention in recent years but tends to be limited to seismic assessment. This article proposes a novel conceptual design framework that employs EAL as a design tool and requires very little building information at the design outset. This means that designers may commence from a definition of required EAL and arrive at a number of feasible structural solutions without the need for any detailed design calculations or numerical analysis. This works by transforming the building performance definition to a design solution space using a number of simplifying assumptions. A suitable structural response backbone is subsequently determined and used to identify feasible building typologies and associated structural geometries. The assumptions made to implement such a conceptual design framework are discussed and justified herein followed by a case study application. This proposed design framework is intended to form the first step in seismic design to identify suitable typologies and layouts before subsequent member detailing and design verification. This way, engineers, architects, and clients can make more informed decisions that target certain performance goals at the beginning of design before further refinement.     

Ultrasonic modelling research of earthquake response of underground lifeline engineering

Earthquake response of underground lifeline engineering is investigated by the method of ultrasonic model experiments in this paper. From general field conditions, two models of underground lifeline engineering, one for non-uniform field and the other for uniform field, are designed based on the similarity principle. Besides analysis of seismic phases, a series of analyses especially on particle vibration are carried out. The results show that: The shorter the epicentral distance, the greater are the intensity variation and the change rate of intensity variation of earthquake ground motion, so the more disadvantageous to underground pipelines. In soft covering layer, compressional waves mainly cause radial flexures deformation, but shear wave result in axial dilation deformation of the pipelines; when the thickness of the covering layer is smaller (less than seismic wave length), the rhythmic variation of the intensity of earthquake ground motion is controlled mainly by the wave length of seismic waves in the bedrock. The property of the covering layer has considerable effect on earthquake ground motion. For different covering layers, their effect on each component of earthquake ground motion is not the same. Owing to the effect of wave propagation, the ground is in different states of particle vibration at different times, and there is considerable difference in phase and intensity of particle vibration between two different covering layers near their junction line or surface. Because underground lifelines tend to vibrate with the particles of the earth around it, this results in different deformation of underground pipelines under different conditions. So, it is necessary to take corresponding anti-seismic countermeasures for pipelines according to their practical situations. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 104–110, 1992. This paper is part of the research supported by Funds of Doctoral Faculty of National Education Committee.     

Earthquake engineering research needs in light of lessons learned from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake

Earthquake engineering research and development have received much attention since the first half of the twentieth century. This valuable research presented a huge step forward in understanding earthquake hazard mitigation,which resulted in appreciable reduction of the effects of past earthquakes. Nevertheless,the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and the subsequent tsunami resulted in major damage. This paper presents the timeline of earthquake mitigation and recovery,as seen by the authors. Possible research directions where the authors think that many open questions still remain are identified. These are primarily based on the important lessons learned from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake.     

Simulation of orthogonal horizontal ground motion components for specified earthquake and site characteristics

A method for generating an ensemble of orthogonal horizontal ground motion components with correlated parameters for specified earthquake and site characteristics is presented. The method employs a parameterized stochastic model that is based on a time‐modulated filtered white‐noise process with the filter having time‐varying characteristics. Whereas the input white‐noise excitation describes the stochastic nature of the ground motion, the forms of the modulating function and the filter and their parameters characterize the evolutionary intensity and nonstationary frequency content of the ground motion. The stochastic model is fitted to a database of recorded horizontal ground motion component pairs that are rotated into their principal axes, a set of orthogonal axes along which the components are statistically uncorrelated. Model parameters are identified for each ground motion component in the database. Using these data, predictive equations are developed for the model parameters in terms of earthquake and site characteristics and correlation coefficients between parameters of the two components are estimated. Given a design scenario specified in terms of earthquake and site characteristics, the results of this study allow one to generate realizations of correlated model parameters and use them along with simulated white‐noise processes to generate synthetic pairs of horizontal ground motion components along the principal axes. The proposed simulation method does not require any seed recorded ground motion and is ideal for use in performance‐based earthquake engineering. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地震工程研究的科学大平台

始于十九世纪末的地震工程研究,在其100多年的历史中积累了大量的理论和实践经验,随之而建设起来的各类地震工程实验设施分布于世界各地。近20年来,信息技术的飞速发展使得分布于世界各地的实验设施通过网络实现协同实验和资源共享。基于以上的信息,为了更好更快地和国际接轨,本文提出了建设一个地震工程研究领域的科学大平台设想。这个大平台包括三个方面的内容:数值模拟,网络协同实验系统和基础信息系统,将形成本领域开放性的综合科学平台。在数值模拟方面,这个科学平台将利用最新的信息技术将本领域的科学研究结果和方法集成起来,形成一个模块式的科学研究平台系统。在网络协同实验方面,将采纳美国NEES的思路,并对其改进和提高之后应用于中国。在基础数据方面,将利用最为先进的数据仓储技术,建设一个可以服务于地震工程科学研究的数据平台。最后,文章给出了建设这个科学平台的规划,以及目前的进展和资金支持等情况。