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1.
Groundwater exploitation has been regarded as the main reason for land subsidence in China and thus receives considerable attention from the government and the academic community.Recently,building loads have been identified as another important factor of land subsidence,but researches in this sector have lagged.The effect of a single building load on land subsidence was neglected in many cases owing to the narrow scope and the limited depth of the additional stress in stratum.However,due to the superposition of stresses between buildings,the additional stress of cluster loads is greater than that of a single building load under the same condition,so that the land subsidence caused by cluster loads cannot be neglected.Taking Shamen village in the north of Zhengzhou,China,as an example,a finite-difference model based on the Biot consolidation theory to calculate the land subsidence caused by cluster loads was established in this paper.Cluster loads present the characteristics of large-area loads,and the land subsidence caused by cluster loads can have multiple primary consolidation processes due to the stress superposition of different buildings was shown by the simulation results.Pore water migration distances are longer when the cluster loads with high plot ratio are imposed,so that consolidation takes longer time.The higher the plot ratio is,the deeper the effective deformation is,and thus the greater the land subsidence is.A higher plot ratio also increases the contribution that the deeper stratigraphic layers make to land subsidence.Contrary to the calculated results of land subsidence caused by cluster loads and groundwater recession,the percentage of settlement caused by cluster loads in the total settlement was 49.43%and 55.06%at two simulated monitoring points,respectively.These data suggest that the cluster loads can be one of the main causes of land subsidence. 相似文献
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根据漳州后石电厂B区地基堆载预压法处理后的软土地基监测数据,包括孔隙水压力,侧向位移和沉降速率,利用孔隙水压力观测结果计算固结度,根据沉降速率观测计算固结沉降量,根据空隙水压力,分层沉降量,侧向位移观测和沉降速率进行稳定性分析。 相似文献
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以天津地铁2号线隧道盾构施工为背景,取沿盾构轴线右侧一6层框架居民楼为研究对象,基于ABAQUS软件,建立了隧道和邻近建筑物及其桩基的计算模型,分析盾构施工对邻近建筑物及其桩基础变形的影响。结果表明,隧道盾构施工导致地表沉降,引起框架结构及其桩基变形,框架整体向隧道盾构一侧倾斜。其中框架梁靠近中柱一端沉降较大,而框架中柱及其桩基也较两侧边柱及其桩基的沉降大。同时表明,盾构施工对邻近建筑物及地下桩基变形产生的影响是整体相关的,在隧道盾构施工时应引起相关设计与施工部门的注意。 相似文献
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采用解析法研究穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降。由无建筑物时岩土体开挖引起的地表沉降公式及半无限平面在均布荷载下的相对沉陷,推导出了穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道施工引起的地表沉降公式,并通过实例验证了此方法的可行性。采用上述方法研究了地表建筑物的重量及其与浅埋隧道位置关系对地表沉降的影响,研究结果表明:浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降随建筑物重量的增大而增大;建筑物中心到隧道轴线的水平距离是对地表沉降的一个重要影响因素,超过一定范围时建筑物的存在对地表沉降的影响可以忽略不计。研究结果可为类似隧道工程提供一定参考。 相似文献
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城市中心密集建筑群使得地铁需长距离穿越既有建(构)筑物,导致地面管井施工作业条件越来越难,降水沉降控制要求也越来越严。从轨道交通工程建设出发,当受施工场地限制时,提出在导洞内施工管井,并对降水导洞的设计、成井机械及施工工法进行了论述。针对施工降水引起的附加沉降,采用地下水三维渗流与地面沉降耦合模型计算软件——Pro-cessing Modflow,建立地下水流场与地面沉降的耦合模型,根据现场监测数据,运用参数修正后的模型,设计不同的抽降方案,分时段进行沉降预测,及时分析施工降水对周围环境的影响程度,可指导类似工程施工,具有重要的工程实际意义。 相似文献
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上海软土地区多层建筑物长期沉降特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对50幢多层建筑沉降观测资料的分析,研究了上海软土地区多层建筑的长期沉降。对竣工以后的观测数据采用指数模型进行回归分析,可以反映软黏土的流变特性,较好地模拟建筑物后期的沉降发展过程,从而预测得到最终沉降量和沉降稳定时间。根据指数模型的分析结果,并引入地基压缩层内的软黏土厚度所占比例的概念,研究了多层建筑长期沉降与地基土层特性的关系。结果表明,最终沉降和沉降持续时间随着软黏土厚度比例的增加而增大,竣工时沉降占总沉降的比例随着软黏土厚度比例的增大而下降,并且具有线性关系。 相似文献
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潘涛 《水文地质工程地质》2022,49(1):101-108
研究盾构隧道施工对周围地面以及建筑物沉降造成的影响,是软土地区盾构隧道安全施工和正常运营的基础课题。为了分析宁波轨道交通5号线同德路站—石碶站区间双线盾构隧道施工对周边地表和建筑物的影响,本文在建立盾构隧道动态施工过程三维有限元模型的基础上,基于地表以及建筑物沉降数值模拟结果与现场监测值的对比,分析了隧道开挖对隧道周围地表沉降与建筑物沉降的影响。结果表明,掘进完成时,开挖方向沉降槽往上行线隧道方向偏移、呈现倒梯形形态,横断面影响区域为距离双线隧道轴线中心小于3倍隧道直径;上行线在下行线开挖后并不会增加地表沉降,但增大了沉降槽宽度;下行线到达前产生的沉降占最终累计沉降的67%;当盾构掘进面刚到达建筑物时、建筑物的倾斜方向与盾构掘进方向一致,当盾构掘进面离开建筑物时、建筑物将沿着盾构掘进的反方向倾斜;建筑物两侧沉降值较中部沉降值降低了83%;双线贯通后建筑物沉降呈“U”形分布,最大沉降量发生在远离隧道一侧距建筑物中心0.5 m处。 相似文献
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当盾构隧道平行侧穿建筑物时,大多关注建筑物的横向沉降规律,对其纵向沉降关注较少。为此,针对盾构隧道平行侧穿建筑物引发的空间变形开展研究。首先,对天津地铁6号线平行侧穿四座结构形式相近的砖混建筑的实测数据进行分析,得到建筑物基本变形模式;基于工程实测并考虑土体的小应变硬化特性建立三维有限元数值分析模型,研究了盾构侧穿引发的建筑物纵向挠曲、土体变形与应力变化规律,并分析了不同建筑平面长宽比的影响。结果表明,盾构隧道平行侧穿将诱发平面长宽比较大的建筑出现"下凹式"挠曲变形,纵墙中部沉降最大可为其角点沉降的2倍,平行侧穿并不能简化为平面应变问题进行分析。建筑物修建和盾构开挖将导致隧道上方土体经历较为复杂的应力变化过程,并可划分为6个阶段。沿建筑纵向基础中部的土体与边缘土体相比,其首先经历更大的压缩变形(建筑施工导致),在盾构穿越后又产生了更大的卸荷变形。当建筑平面长宽比小于2时,盾构开挖导致的纵向挠曲变形将显著减小。 相似文献
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Centrifuge modeling of land subsidence caused by the high-rise building group in the soft soil area 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
With the increase of the high-rise buildings, land subsidence induced by human activities becomes a major problem. Land subsidence
occurs slowly, but the accumulation results in the cracks in the road, the damage to the pipelines and in the tilting or the
cracking of the buildings. With the withdrawal of groundwater controlled reasonably, the engineering-environmental effect
of the dense high-rise building group comes to be the main cause of land subsidence. Based on the high-rise building group
in the soft soil area in Shanghai, the mechanism of land subsidence is studied in this paper by the centrifuge model tests.
The central area of the building group has larger subsidence and the subsidence superimposition effect is obvious. It can
exceed the allowance and cause land subsidence hazard. The land subsidence affected by the different building distances is
also studied. For smaller building distances, the subsidence superimposition effect is more obvious. The larger excess pore
water pressure in the pile-base supporting layer of the central area shows that the stress superimposition effect is larger.
The earth pressure under the buildings fluctuates by the disturbance of the pile tips. 相似文献
11.
随着高层及超高层建(构)筑物的增多,为了保证建构筑物的安全性,并为以后的勘察设计施工提供可靠的资料及相应的沉降参数,建(构)筑物沉降观测的必要性和重要性愈加明显。本文结合工程实例,提出了高层建筑施工中沉降观测的基本要求和施测步骤,以避免因沉降原因造成建筑物主体结构的破坏,确保施工质量及建(构)筑物的安全。 相似文献
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改进的灰色Verhulst GM(1,1)建筑物沉降模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
刘玉成 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(4):61-63
造成建筑物的沉降因素是复杂多样,沉降机理与过程是非线性的,从理论上给出符合实际的建筑物沉降公式很困难,许多安全等级很高的重要建筑物在施工期间均需进行沉降观测,以保证建筑物的安全而及时修改设计。根据建筑物沉降观测数据列特征,综合分析了影响建筑物沉降的因素,应用灰色理论关于连续非线性数据列的建模方法,经过二次拟合,建立了能描述高层建筑沉降过程的非等间距灰色Verhulst GM(1,1)模型。该模型经重庆地区某高层建筑沉降观测实例验证,能较准确预测建筑物的沉降过程和最终沉降量。表明利用少数高层建筑沉降的观测数据建立非等间距的灰色Verhulst GM(1,1)模型能较准确模拟建筑物沉降过程和预测最终沉降量,其建模方法较简单、精度高,具有一定的实用性。 相似文献
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The Characteristics and Causes of Land Subsidence in Tanggu Based on the GPS Survey System and Numerical Simulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Land subsidence is a severe hazard threatening Tanggu, a flat lowland area, and evidences of land subsidence can be seen throughout the city. A new reasonable GPS network was set up in this area from 2008 to 2010. The monitoring data show that land subsidence was serious and two main subsidence cones were obviously formed in the region. One emerged at Hujiayuan, with the maximum rate reaching 60 mm/a, and the influence region enlarged prominently from 2005 to 2010. The other one occurred at Kaifaqu, which became obvious only after 2005, and it showed a decreasing tendency with time. To analyze the causes of ground settlement, a correlation between groundwater withdrawal and land subsidence was firstly made. The results confirmed that over-exploitation of groundwater was the major cause for the severe settlement in Hujiayuan. Meanwhile, the subsidence of Kaifaqu was also related to groundwater withdrawal before 2005. However, the relationship became unconspicuous after 2005. To find the cause of this abnormity, a three-dimensional finite element numerical model, coupled with groundwater flow and subsidence, was built. The simulation results indicate that the subsidence induced by high-rise buildings is serious, but the affected range is limited and it also shows a decreasing trend with time, corresponding to the subsidence characteristics at Kaifaqu. Therefore, more attention should be paid to this hazard induced by engineering construction besides groundwater withdrawal, as more high-rise buildings are under construction in Tanggu. 相似文献
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在建筑物高度集中的城区,盾构施工会使周围一定范围内的既有建筑物受到影响。在考虑土体扰动的情况下,采用二维有限元方法,对邻近不同位置建筑物工况下的盾构隧道施工进行了模拟和分析。研究表明,建筑物的存在会增大隧道开挖引起的地面沉降和衬砌的受力与变形,同时隧道开挖也会使邻近建筑物产生附加应力和变形;当隧道轴线与建筑物中心线的水平距离与隧道外径之比L/D = 0.5~2时产生较大的地面沉降,建筑物的首尾沉降差较大,该区域内的建筑物比较危险;衬砌内力值也明显增大,在该区域以外对建筑物影响较小。 相似文献
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建(构)筑物的变形控制指标 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城市轨道交通和其他市政地下工程建设难免造成周边建(构)筑物的变形,确定建(构)筑物的变形控制指标是进行安全监测和控制的基础。总结目前建(构)筑物控制的各类变形参数,对其定量化研究成果进行归纳,根据收集的大量变形监测资料,划分建(构)筑物的变形损坏等级,对其沉降、差异沉降和倾斜等常规监测项目进行重点分析,并研究了建筑尺寸和变形量、损坏等级的关系。研究结果表明,砂土地层独立柱基的建筑易于产生变形破坏,应防止建筑过量沉降引起的其他变形损坏;建(构)筑物的角变量小于0.002时一般未出现较大影响;建筑尺寸影响变形的大小,应密切关注易于出现变形损坏的多层、高层建筑。 相似文献
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20世纪90年代上海中心城区的地面沉降在地下水开采量没有增加的情况下出现了新一轮的增长。与此同时,上海进行了大规模的城市化建设。通过对中心城区地面沉降量与工程建设进行相关性分析发现,近年来中心城区的地面沉降量与工程建设具有相关性。目前城市化建设引起地面沉降的现象已受到关注,但尚缺乏对城市化进程引起地面沉降机制的系统研究。针对上海市城市化进程引起地面沉降的因素进行分析探讨,城市化进程引起的沉降包括建筑物荷载及交通荷载等外荷载引起的沉降,基坑开挖、降水及隧道施工等工程施工引起的土体压缩,以及隧道渗漏,周边地区对地下水补给量的减小,地下构筑物挡水效应等引起的地下水位持续下降而诱发的沉降 相似文献