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《地球科学与环境学报》2016,(3)
矿物-熔体二面角是了解岩浆岩结构演化和岩浆动力学的重要参数。为了研究温度和压力对矿物-熔体二面角的影响,以粗面玄武岩为初始样品,在压力为0.6~2.6GPa,温度为800℃~900℃,恒温100h的条件下分别对初始样品进行了温度和压力两个系列的熔融-结晶试验。温度系列试验(3组)条件为:恒定压力为0.6GPa,首先在温度为1 350℃的条件下恒温1h,使粗面玄武岩完全熔融,然后改变温度使粗面玄武岩熔体分别在温度为800℃、850℃和900℃以及恒温100h的条件下结晶。压力系列试验(4组)条件为:分别在压力和温度为0.6GPa、1 350℃,1.1GPa、1 375℃,1.6GPa、1 400℃,2.1GPa、1 425℃和2.6GPa、1 450℃条件下恒温1h,使粗面玄武岩完全熔融,然后降温至900℃,恒温100h使粗面玄武岩熔体结晶。在上述试验条件下,粗面玄武岩熔体主要结晶相为角闪石。采用在二维任意切面测定二面角的方法得到试验产物中的角闪石-熔体二面角。将试验获得的角闪石-熔体视二面角的累积频率与理论频率累积曲线进行对比,并讨论了温度和压力对二面角的影响。角闪石-熔体视二面角中值随着温度的升高而增加。这主要是由于在高温条件下,角闪石的成核密度小,生长速度快,有利于角闪石晶体的生长粗化,大的颗粒相互接触拼接形成高角度二面角,而在低温条件下,角闪石的成核密度大,生长速度慢,不利于角闪石晶体的粗化,角闪石的矿物颗粒较小且近平行排列,从而形成低角度二面角。另外,角闪石-熔体视二面角中值随着压力的升高先升高再降低,最后升高,这可能是熔体和矿物之间显著的力学性质差异造成的。试验结果证明,在岩浆结晶作用早期,随着矿物由孤立状态向拼接结构发展,矿物-熔体二面角逐渐增大。同时,将本次试验结果与前人关于岩浆结晶晚期矿物(或矿物-熔体)二面角的演化规律相结合,可以描绘出整个岩浆结晶过程中矿物-熔体二面角的变化规律。 相似文献
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《地球科学与环境学报》2020,(5)
东昆仑中段灶火沟花岗岩为一套石英闪长岩-英云闪长岩-花岗岩闪长岩-二长花岗岩的岩石组合。岩石具有连续的地球化学成分变化特征,SiO_2含量(质量分数,下同)为60.94%~74.14%,Al_2O_3含量为12.73%~16.22%,Na_2O+K_2O值为4.51%~7.61%,属中—高钾钙碱性的准铝质至弱过铝质I型花岗岩。岩石稀土元素总含量((106.62~182.76)×10~(-6))较低,平均值为144.25×10~(-6),总体表现出相对富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素的特征,同时具有Ta、Nb、Ti负异常。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明,该套花岗岩形成于262~260 Ma,属中二叠世晚期。岩石地球化学特征表明,灶火沟花岗岩形成于大陆弧环境。结合区域地质背景可知,中二叠世晚期古特提斯洋已开始向北俯冲。岩石成因研究表明,幔源岩浆的底侵作用导致下地壳部分熔融,随后壳源熔体与幔源熔体发生不同程度的混合作用形成母岩浆,而后经历了一定程度的结晶分异作用,最终固结成岩。 相似文献
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Spatio-temporal changes of ≥ 10°C accumulated temperature in northeastern China since 1961 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of this study was to provide reliable basis for decision making for national food security and layout and structure adjustment of grain production in the northeastern China. The data of mean daily air temperature of 1961-2009 from 106 meteorological stations in the northeastern China were chosen in this study. Using statistical methods and isoline method, the spatio-temporal changes of various decadal ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature and the climatic means of ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature were studied in this paper. The results showed that 1) The geo-graphical distribution of ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature in the northeastern China could be influenced directly by the latitude, longitude and altitude. If latitude moved one degree northward, the average decrease amplitude of the climatic means was 101.9℃ in the study area. 2) The means of decadal ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature rose since the 1980s, and their increase amplitudes became larger in the 1990s and the 2010s obviously. Compared with those of the 1980s, ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature increased by about 100℃ in the mountainous and plain areas in the 1990s; compared with those of the 1990s, ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature increased by about 200℃ in the Hulun Buir High Plain and the Songnen Plain, and 100℃ in the Sanjiang Plain and the Liaohe Plain in the 2010s. 3) The means of the decadal ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature for 106 meteorological stations in the northeastern China increased with the rate of 145.57℃/10yr in 1961-2009. 4) The climatic means of ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature increased from 1961-1990 to 1971-2000 and 1981-2009. Compared with the climatic mean of 1971-2000, that of 1981-2009 had increased by above 50℃ in most of the study area, even up to 156℃. Compared with the climatic mean of 1961-1990, that of 1981-2009 increased by above 100℃ in most parts of the study area, even up to 200℃. 5) The maximum northward shift, eastward and westward extension amplitudes of 3100℃, 3300℃ and 3500℃ isolines were larger among all isoli-nes for the climatic means of the three phases. Compared with the positions of the isolines of 1961-1990, those ampli-tudes of 3100℃ isoline of 1981-2009 were 145 km, 109 km and 64 km, respectively; those of 3300℃ isoline were 154 km, 54 km and 64 km, respectively; and the maximum northward shift of 3500℃ isoline was about 100 km. 相似文献
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作者在平阳矿山明矾石矿床地质、矿物共生组合、成矿实验等方面工作的基础上,对该矿床形成的一些热力学条件进行了系统研究。研究结果表明该矿床是在50℃~450℃的温度和3×105Pa~780×105Pa的压力下的氧化环境(Eh=-0.40V~+0.32V,主要是-0.08V~0.24V)中,由含碱性长石的火山碎屑岩、凝灰岩等岩石与含硫、钾、钠等成分的晚期酸性(pH=1.0~4.0)火山气热液在fs2(1.32×10-34×105Pa~3.39×10-3×105Pa)fo2(1.92×00-63×105Pa~1.58×10-19×105Pa)的条件下相互交代作用而形成。 相似文献
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皖南竹溪岭钨多金属矿床位于江南古陆东缘,与成矿密切相关的岩石主要为花岗闪长岩。针对花岗闪长岩开展岩相学、矿物学和岩石地球化学研究。结果表明:花岗闪长岩SiO_2含量(质量分数,下同)为64.67%~67.33%,Al_2O_3为15.26%~16.26%,MgO为1.09%~1.37%、K_2O/Na_2O值高于1.1,A/CNK值为1.00~1.04,为高钾钙碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩;花岗闪长岩富集Rb、K等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr和Ti等元素,稀土元素总含量为(90.40~166.94)×10~(-6),LREE/HREE值为7.15~15.16,(La/Yb)_N值为11.60~37.32,表现为轻稀土元素富集的右倾配分模式;根据全岩锆石饱和温度计和黑云母的化学成分,测算花岗闪长岩成岩温度为720℃~780℃,成岩压力为73~169 MPa,侵位深度为2.75~6.39 km,成岩时氧逸度为-17.52~-10.09。综上所述,竹溪岭花岗闪长岩属于Ⅰ型花岗岩,形成于中—高温、富水、较高氧逸度的环境下,其形成可能与古太平洋俯冲板片撕裂而形成的近EW向板片窗有关。 相似文献
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临朐昌乐火山岩盆地位于华北陆块东缘,以发育新生代玄武岩为特征。对临朐群尧山组玄武岩地球化学进行研究表明:SiO2含量为44.14%~45.69%, Al2O3含量为14.12%~14.76%,Na2O含量为4.12%~4.98%,K2O含量为0.95%~3.22%,A/CNK值在0.56~0.64之间,属超基性—基性岩类碱性玄武岩,具贫铝、富碱特征。大离子亲石元素Ba、K轻度富集, Rb元素显示相对亏损特征,高场强元素Nb、Ta表现为富集峰, Zr、Hf相对亏损,Ti富集,具地幔柱相关的碱性玄武岩特征;轻稀土总量(∑LREE)为188.84×10-6~283.41×10-6之间,重稀土总量(∑HREE)为18.76×10-6~24.14×10-6之间,δEu值为0.96~1.09,暗示岩浆源区没有斜长石残留。地球化学特征表明尧山组玄武岩形成于板内环境,其形成温度为1187.88~1215.70℃,形成压力大于等于3GPa,形成深度大于100km。 相似文献
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BAKHT Shahzad SUN Fengyue WANG Linlin XU Chenghan YE Lina ZHU Xinran FAN Xingzhu 《世界地质(英文版)》2021,24(2):80-88
The Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is located in Huashan Town, Jilin Province, in the northeastern margin of North China Craton(NCC). It is controlled by fault structures, hosted within structurally controlled felsic dykes, predominantly surrounded by phyllite, schist and quartzite. This study presents the results of fluid inclusions studies, intending to determine the source of the fluid responsible for ore-formation, hence exploring its metallogenesis. The aqueous biphase inclusions are identified in the stibnite-bearing quartz veins of the deposit. Moreover, aqueous biphase inclusions are further classified into(1) biphase liquid-rich inclusions(1 a) and(2) biphase gas-rich inclusions(1 b) depending upon liquid to gas ratio trapped within the fluid inclusions. Homogenization temperatures for(1 a) and(1 b) range between 114.8℃ to 422℃ and 128.3℃ to 267.5℃, respectively. 1 a and 1 b have salinities of 0.18% to 16.14% NaCl_(eqv) and 1.22% to 12.88% NaCl_(eqv), and density range from 0.43 to 1.02 g/cm~3 and 0.81 to 0.98 g/cm~3, respectively. Sulfur isotopic analysis indicates δ~(34)S_(V-CDT) from 4.4×10~(-3) to 6.5×10~(-3), with an average of 5.2×10~(-3), whereas H isotopes values on δD_(V-SMOW) standard are-100.8×10~(-3) and-107.5×10~(-3), while O isotopes data on δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW) standard range between 20.1×10~(-3) and 20.4×10~(-3). Fluid inclusions study, combining with sulfur and H-O isotopic data reveal that the ore-forming fluids originated from deep source and were subsequently contaminated by meteoric water. Hydrostatic pressure calculation shows that the minimum and maximum pressures are 11.65 and 42.33 MPa, and relevant depths of deposit are estimated to be 1.16 and 4.23 km. Finally, we inferred that Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is a medium-low temperature, low salinity hydrothermal deposit, which is formed by deep source and later contaminated by meteoric water, and is classified as epizonal deposit in terms of orogenic series. 相似文献
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根据2012年5~7月东南太平洋秘鲁外海(探捕海域在83°W~87°W、10°S~14°S)鲯鳅资源的探捕调查资料,对其生物学特性作了初步分析。结果表明:秘鲁外海鲯鳅的叉长范围为31~121cm,优势叉长为30~50cm,占57.4%;在个体大小的空间分布上,探捕海域北部比南部个体略微偏大;雌性叉长(l)与体质量(m)关系式为m=5×10-4·l2.236 2(R2=0.940 5;n=104 9),雄性为m=5×10-4l2.209 6(R2=0.958 0,n=851);雌性鲯鳅比例稍高,占55.2%。探捕海域鲯鳅鱼资源密度较高,CPUE值范围为2~23.6 kg/(人·h),平均为11.6 kg/(人·h);不同区域资源密度有所差异,其中CPUE最高的区域在84°W~86°W、12°30′S~13°30′S附近;探捕期间6月份的最高平均CPUE为16.37 kg/(人·h)。 相似文献
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天然变形岩石中白云母压象见于丹东市四道沟金矿区元古宙变质沉积岩,即变质长石石英砂岩的糜棱岩中。在白云母压象中,相邻两组裂理交角约为60°,其中一组裂理平行于白云母光轴面,另外两组则与光轴面斜交。白云母压象形成于韧性剪切带初始活动阶段,时间上早于石英中广泛的亚晶化及动态重结晶作用阶段,其形成的温度、压力条件大致相当于下部绿片岩相,即温度在300—400℃左右,压力0.2—0.5GPa,形成时应变速率参考值不小于10~(-13)S~(-1)。 相似文献
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红藻石和蓝藻石概念及分类归属的综述和修订 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析和总结前人对红藻石和蓝藻石研究成果基础上,结合岩石薄片显微镜下观察实例,发现在以往碳酸盐岩颗粒分类中没有红藻石和蓝藻石的合适位置.鉴于红藻石重要的成因意义和造礁作用,有必要明确红藻石的概念和归属.珊瑚藻本身极易钙化,经生物矿化作用最终保存下来的珊瑚藻屑一直放在生物碎屑中,而红藻石是由非固着的珊瑚藻构成的钙质独立结... 相似文献
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致密页岩油气已经成为当前非常规油气资源勘探与开发的核心领域,致密页岩油气的赋存运移机理研究对于这项资源的勘探、资源评估、开发方式等方面都具有重要意义。近些年随着北美页岩气革命的兴起,国内外开展了大量研究工作,主要的研究进展包括:致密储层微观孔隙结构的观察与描述,表明致密储层中的微纳米孔隙大量发育,对油气的赋存与运移有重要影响;页岩气在低渗储层中的流动运移机理,其中以渗流-扩散-解吸附为框架的模型已经被广泛接受和应用;单井产量与可采资源量预测,以L型衰减曲线为代表的单井产量模型和EUR预测模型在生产中已经大量采用。然而当前的研究还存在许多不尽完善之处,例如:微观孔隙结构的表征尚未能为宏观分析提供很好的量化参数;现有的页岩气流动运移理论不适用于页岩油;非常规资源评估方法经验性太强等。 相似文献
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正The 10~(th) International Conference on toxic cyanobacteria(ICTC-10)was successfully held during 23–28 Oct.2016.We were so glad to see much progress made on toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins during past years,and the ICTC does provide a global forum for a wide-ranging communication and discussion of key issues related to cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins. 相似文献
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即将到来的新世纪,是一个全新的网络化的市场时代。网络营销是每一个商家的必然选择。网络市场在经过了3个阶段的演变后,将会有较大发展。它具有无店铺经营的若干基本特征,具有发展公共关系等多种功能。 相似文献
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鲁晨光 《成都信息工程学院学报》2012,27(6):615-622
在1993年发表的《广义信息论》中,提出限误差信息率(即信息率容差,rate-tolerance)并讨论了它和信息率失真之间的关系。文中用GPS作为例子推导出广义信息公式,并且通过数学分析和编码举例证明,得出结论:复杂性失真只是限误差信息率在限制集合由模糊变为清晰并呈球形时的特例;复杂性理论研究者肯定的复杂性失真和信息率失真之间的一般等价关系是不对的;一个信息率失真函数只能等价于一个特定的限误差信息率函数,两者都能用P(Y|X)=|P(Y|容许误差)时的广义互信息公式描述。度量GPS信息的公式和信息率失真函数表达式的相似性可以加深对广义信息测度的理解。 相似文献