地震科技期刊改革与发展的构想

科技期刊是反映一个国家科技学术创新水平的窗口，是科技信息的使者。其作为忠实记录、连续积累和储备科技信息的重要载体及时传播、交流着70％以上的科技信息，地震科技期刊亦是如此。从地震科技期刊如何走向世界的视角，对地震科技期刊的现状、加入世贸组织后面临的挑战、生存、发展的对策，以及如何加快国际化进程等方面提出了看法、建议和构想，指出，只有将地震科技期刊做大、做美、做强，才能增强国际竞争力，才能形成自己的拳头产品，才能向国际地震品牌期刊行列讲军。     

浅议中国地震科技期刊

对地震系统科技期刊普遍存在的问题进行了梳理．分析了形成的原因。指出，只有摆脱传统办刊的束缚．树立全行业、全社会办刊的意识．进行管理模式的改革、对系统内期刊进行整合、与系统外期刊进行联合．才能使地震科技期刊走出困境。     

地震科技期刊英文摘要编写应注意的问题

对地震科技期刊英文摘要出现的问题进行了讨论，提出了今后应注意的问题。认为，期刊要实现国际化，其英文信息的编写也非常重要，编辑只有不断提高自身的综合素质，才能不断提高地震科技期刊的综合质量。     

谈科技期刊编辑的基本素质

影响提高科技期刊编辑质量的主要因素是编辑人员的素质.从具备合理的知识结构、强烈的责任心与事业心、创新意识等几方面进行了论述.指出,只有编辑工作人员的总体素质提高了,才能办出科技期刊的时代特色,才能代表先进文化前进的方向,才能引导、提高读者的学习趣味和鉴赏能力,才能使科技期刊起到传播和积累科学技术与文化知识,丰富和提高人民的精神生活的作用.     

地震谣言与地震误传的社会心理学分析

地震谣言与地震误传的产生是一种社会心理现象。近十几年来,我国曾发生多起重大的地震谣言与地震误传事件,在一定时间和空间内造成了严重的社会心理异常,给社会经济发展带来很大损失。本文根据唐山地震的社会经济影响的调查材料和以往的有关研究成果,运用社会心理学的有关理论和方法,分析了地震谣言与地震误传产生、传播和控制的社会心理机制;提出了预防、控制和平息地震谣言与地震误传的方法和手段。     

筚路蓝缕 以启山林——我与《山西地震》

作者通过亲身经历,回顾《山西地震》几十年的发展历程,叙述《山西地震》编辑部在自身建设、执行科技期刊编排标准和规范,为科研人员提供专业的学术交流平台等方面所做的工作。《山西地震》的发展历程表明,只有不断克服困难,办出特色,才能更好地服务于防震减灾事业。     

科技期刊产业化的几点思考

随着我国经济体制改革的不断深化,科技期刊向产业化发展已成为必然趋势。只有走产业化之路,才能使科技期刊在激烈的市场竞争中求得生存和发展,几年来,工程力学研究所科学技术杂志社以读者为中心,在加强编辑管理与实践,制定杂志社的发展战略,在期刊产业化方面,进行了初步尝试和探索。     

实行联合办刊，提升刊物质量

加入WTO，科技期刊将面临来自国际上在稿源、读者、销售市场等方面的激烈竞争。为了摆脱《地壳形变与地震》所处之困境，使其成为竞争中的强者，提出了在提高期刊内外在质量方面的一些想法和初步对策，并在实践中已取得了一定的效果。     

现代科技发展与科技期刊编辑

阐述了现代科学技术的发展特征，分析了现代科技对科技期刊的影响以及科技期刊在国家科技创新体系中的地位和作用，指出科技期刊要主动适应科学技术发展趋势，科技期刊编辑要及时了解科技发展，培养和树立信息意识，掌握电子编辑手段与技能，早作“转岗”的培训，只有这样，才能适应时代对编辑工作的要求。     

地震区划研究进展

“历史地震重演”和“构造类比”是编制地震区划图的基本原则。只有地震学家和地质学家的精诚合作，才能编制出科学的地震区划图，本文着重介绍国家地震局“八五”重点课题“地震区划研究”的成果，并对存在的问题及展望进行了讨论。     

On the synchronism in the events within the core and on the surface of the earth: the changes in the organic world and in the polarity of the geomagnetic field in the phanerozoic

The data on geomagnetic reversals are compared with the changes in the organic world and with the lower-mantle plumes. The times of the formation of plumes and the times of their appearance on the Earth’s surface relate to the intervals characterized by the different frequencies of geomagnetic reversals, i.e., there is no interrelation between the formation of plumes and the frequency of the changes in the geomagnetic field polarity. At the same time, a certain synchronism is observed between the frequency of the geomagnetic reversals and the boundaries of the biostratigraphic ages, i.e., the changes in the organic world in the long-period range. A hypothesis is proposed, which explains the change in the sign of the geomagnetic field by the combined effect of the irregular rotation of the internal core relative to the mantle and the changes in the slope angle of the axis of the Earth’s rotation, which, in turn, results in synchronous events on the Earth’s surface: the rates of changes in the organic world.     

Comparison Between the Nutations of the Planet Mars and the Nutations of the Earth

The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth.     

太平洋中部地磁台11年周期变化的研究

综合APIA、HONOLULU、PAMATAI 3个地磁台三分量的11年周期变化的形态后,可定性地提出该变化源于内场。如内源为核幔边界的电涡流,则其中心点应位于3台之间。     

On the Mechanism of the Secular Tidal Acceleration of the Solid Inner Core and the Viscosity of the Liquid Core

As is known, the secular deceleration of the Earth's diurnal rotation is explained mainly by the tidal friction in the ocean. Below we consider this mechanism in some detail, taking into account also elastic deformations of the mantle under the action of ocean loading and the interaction between the tide-generating body, ocean tidal wave, liquid outer core, and solid inner core. It is shown that elastic displacements of the core-mantle boundary under the action of ocean loading are of about the same amplitude and phase as the elastic loading displacements of the Earth's outer surface. As a result, side by side with the mechanism of secular deceleration of diurnal rotation of the mantle, there are also (1) the opposite mechanism of secular acceleration of diurnal rotation of the outer liquid core and of the solid inner core and (2) the mechanism of excitation of differential rotation in the liquid core. Taking these effects into account, we compare theoretical and modern observed data on the eastward drift of the solid inner core. It is shown that the best agreement may be obtained if the turbulent viscosity of the liquid core is about 2 × 10 ³ Poise     

On the use of the autocorrelation method for estimating the depth to the magnetic basement

The depth to the top of magnetic dykes can be estimated from total field aeromagnetic data using the relation between the depth to magnetic sources and the autocorrelation function of magnetic data. By using synthetic anomalies we show that in the ideal case, depth can be determined to an accuracy of 10% or better, when the anomaly sources are two-dimensional dykes. However, the estimated depths depend on the width of the dykes. The estimated depth is about 0.6 times the actual depth to the top of thin dykes, and around the true depth for thick dykes having width-to-depth ratio around 3. The depth is considerably overestimated for very thick dykes (e.g., contacts, which is a special case of the thick dyke). Thus, the autocorrelation method requires that the width-to-depth ratio of the dyke is estimated independently to correctly estimate the depths. Alternatively, it must be assumed that the width-to-depth ratio for the two-dimensional source body is between 1.5 and 4.     

固体潮的地震预测研究与地球动力学研究之分析比较

本文分析了现行固体潮地震研究中的历史影响,对比研究了固体潮地震预测研究和固体潮地球动力学研究二者在振动频率、振动源体积、传输距离与介质等方面的地球物理特点与本质区别,强调了固体潮地震预测研究中最根本的工作是建立地震预测的目标和基本概念.     

Macrobenthic communities of the Pechora Sea: the past and the present on the threshhold of the prirazlomnoye oil-field exploitation

On data of bottom sampling, carried out by means of grab, trawl and underwater photography in August–September of 1993 in the area of the Pechora Sea, quantitative regularities of macrobenthos distribution are described for the ecological monitoring purposes. Maps of -biodiversity and biomass indices, bottom communities and trophic zones, singled out by dominant method, are presented. Assessment of structure changes of the investigated area bottom communities during the last 60–70 years is fulfilled. It is shown that the described communities on the whole are of natural undisturbed character and that the revealed changes are within the natural fluctuations in the abundance of benthic populations or may be interpreted in terms of methodical differences in the data analysis and generalization by different authors.     

动水压力对深水桥墩地震响应影响的研究综述

地震激励下处于深水中的桥墩和周围水体的相互作用将对桥梁结构的动力响应产生较大影响。首先对地震作用下水-桥墩的相互作用理论做了概括,给出了动水压力对桥墩的作用效应及各自的适用范围;对主要的三种考虑流固耦合效应的分析方法做了对比,探讨了地震作用下影响水-结构相互作用的主要因素,并对今后的研究提出了建议。     

On the gravimetric undulations of the geoid and the deflections of the vertical

Summary The author mentions the aims of the World-wide gravity project he established in the Ohio State University in Columbus, in 1950. He outlines the practical procedure of the gravimetric computations of the undulationsN and the vertical deflection components and and emphasizes that only by the global international cooperation and additional gravity observations at sea carried out during the last decade it has been possible to gather to Columbus the needed gravity material. Since there exist still large gravimetrically unsurveyed areas it is of vital significance to study what gravity anomalies are best to be used for these regions. The given figures concerning the accuracy of theN, and , estimated theoretically and obtained in practice, indicate that in the gravimetrically well surveyed parts of the world like in Europe and the United States we can get gravimetrically on basis of existing gravity material theN-values with accuracy of about 5–10 meters, and and with the accuracy of about 1. The geoid undulationsN are already computed in Columbus for more than 6000 points of the northern hemisphere. The sample maps show the interesting geoid of Europe and vicinity between the latitudes 60° and 30° and longitude 5° W and 30° E, drafted on basis of more than 1000N-values computed at the corners of 1°×1° squares. It is interesting to realize that the geoid undulations in all this area are positive, the extreme values being between 40 and 50 meters. The geophysical significance of the geoid maps of this kind is pointed out.     

琼中地震台重力仪记录同震响应特征分析

2013年2月6-8日圣克鲁斯群岛发生6次强震,琼中地震台的重力仪记录都有同震响应出现。本文从重力仪记录的面波的延迟时间、最大变形幅度、同震持续时间3个方面研究了6次强震的同震响应特征。