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全海洋浅地层剖面仪及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
全海洋浅地层剖面仪(Topographic Parametric Sonar,TOPAS)PS 018系统是目前世界上最先进的浅地层剖面仪之一。该系统是全海洋宽带非线性差频浅地层剖面仪,可对海底地层进行全方位测量,同时还兼有测量水深的功能,最大地层穿透深度为150 m,最小分辨率为0.3 m。系统多种发射信号(Ricker波、Burst波和Chirp波)的选取方便了操作者使用,从理论上实现了全海洋测量功能。从实测剖面分析,该系统是中、深水地层测量的理想测量系统。 相似文献
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我所研制成功了具有当今国际先进水平的脉冲压缩式浅地层剖面仪(PCSBP),又称Chrip浅地层剖面仪。又称Chirp浅地层剖面仪。它能同时提高地层穿透深度和地层分辨率,其定量化测量特性特别适合于定量研究海底介质的各种特性。本文介绍该仪器的工作原理、结构、性能、特点和使用结果。 相似文献
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中国科学院海洋研究所剖面仪研制组 《海洋科学集刊》1974,(9):17-26
近十年来,探测海底几十米至几百米松散沉积层分层结构的“海底浅地层剖面仪”已逐步发展定型,并广泛用于海底工程施工和海洋地质研究方面。这种浅地层剖面仪主要采用以下几种声源装置:电致伸缩器件、磁致伸缩器件、电磁脉冲声源、电火花放电器以及气枪。
浅层剖面仪实际上是一种以地层为探测目标的主动声纳,本文给出了有关的声纳方程式,它将有助于这类仪器的工程设计和性能预报。
从探层声纳方程式出发,采用电磁脉冲声源研制了浅层剖面仪,获得了穿透地层几十米的较高分辨率的记录。对此,本文也作了简单的介绍。 相似文献
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自本世纪60年代以来,浅地层剖面仪测量技术在世界各大陆架海都得到了广泛的应用,专家们取得了大量实际资料,并发表了多篇调査报告和研究成果(赵松龄,1991;秦蕴珊、赵松龄,1991;赵松龄、于洪军,1993),为查明世界各大陆架海的形成过程、地层结构、环境变迁、海面变化、岸线变迁、河道跟踪、以及地貌类型的划分等提供了新的信息,推动了世界大陆架地质学的发展。在应用浅地层剖面仪测量技术所取得的多种成果中,最为突出的研究,莫过于在世界上的若干大陆架区发现了古河道及其沉积,通过古河道的追踪又可以了解大陆架环境的变迁和海面变化的过程。所以,这项大陆架勘察技术问世以来,一直是大陆架地质勘察中不可缺少的手段之一。
我国大约在70年代初期开始研制浅地层剖面仪,并制成了第一批产品,进人80年代以来,又逐渐引进了国外的新产品用于中国大陆架的勘察。近年来中国科学院海洋研究所利用这种勘察仪器,在南黄海和渤海海域已经获得了数千公里的测量记录。浅地层剖面仪测量资料中大量信息的提取是运用这项技术的关键。本文根据作者所获得的测量资料,对晚更新世末期以来的浅地层结构及古环境进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Jonathan M. Bull Martin Gutowski Justin K. Dix Timothy J. Henstock Peter Hogarth Timothy G. Leighton Paul R. White 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2005,26(2-4):157-169
Chirp sub-bottom profilers are marine acoustic devices that use a known and repeatable source signature (1–24 kHz) to produce
decimetre vertical resolution cross-sections of the sub-seabed. Here the design and development of the first true 3D Chirp
system is described. When developing the design, critical factors that had to be considered included spatial aliasing, and
precise positioning of sources and receivers. Full 3D numerical modelling of the combined source and receiver directivity
was completed to determine optimal source and receiver geometries. The design incorporates four source transducers (1.5–13 kHz)
that can be arranged into different configurations, including Maltese Cross, a square and two separated pairs. The receive
array comprises 240 hydrophones in 60 groups whose group-centres are separated by 25 cm in both horizontal directions, with
each hydrophone group containing four individual elements and a pre-amplifier.
After careful consideration, it was concluded that the only way to determine with sufficient accuracy the source–receiver
geometry, was to fix the sources and receivers within a rigid array. Positional information for the array is given by a Real
Time Kinematic GPS and attitude system incorporating four antennas to give position, heading, pitch and roll. It is shown
that this system offers vertical positioning accuracy with a root-mean-square (rms) error less than 2.6 cm, while the horizontal
positioning rms error was less than 2.0 cm. The system is configured so that the Chirp source signature can be chosen by software
aboard the acquisition vessel.
The complete system is described and initial navigational and seismic data results are presented. These data demonstrate that
the approach of using fixed source-receiver geometry combined with RTK navigation can provide complete 3D imaging of the sub-surface. 相似文献
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Experimental studies have been conducted on the acoustic effects of KLEIN-510 subbottom profiler for different sedimentary layers in estuary and bay areas. Sedimentary layer boundaries can be recorded clearly and continuously by this instrument and then compared with the results from drilling cores to reveal some variations of sedimentary environments. With this instrument, the average deposit rate can be determined and the bed-rock beneath the sea bottom can be found out. 相似文献
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声速剖面仪水下探头软硬件设计 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
简要阐述了直接测量式声速剖面仪的测量原理及水下机探头的体系结构;并进一步介绍了自容式和拖缆式两种结构的声速剖面仪的控制单元、模数转换、数据存储、数据提取、控制命令的响应和执行、系统状态的检查及设备的可靠性处理等模块的软硬件实现方法。 相似文献
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