基于非差观测量的BDS+GPS近实时钟差估计

卫星钟差的难预测性是影响实时高精度定位的重要因素之一。为快速获得高精度位置或对流层等信息,在非差观测模型的基础上,本文提出了一种延迟量约1 h的近实时钟差估计策略,该策略主要包含超快速轨道解算和钟差估计两部分。经验证,预报部分第2~5 h的GPS轨道三维平均精度为3.85 cm,BDS GEO和IGSO+MEO轨道三维平均精度分别为81.4和21.74 cm。基于超快速轨道可获得近实时钟差精度GPS为0.054 ns,BDS为0.12 ns。最后通过BDS+GPS静态PPP试验验证了轨道和钟差的可用性。     

GPS/BDS接收机端系统偏差实时估计方法

针对GPS-BDS系统偏差会导致GPS和BDS系统间的混合双差模糊度不具有整数特性,且其不完全稳定的问题,该文提出一种GPS/BDS系统偏差实时在线估计方法。通过将双差模糊度以单差模糊度之差的形式进行求解,然后再将以周为单位的单差模糊度投影为双差模糊度,以此消除GPS和BDS不同波长的影响;在此基础上,采用Kalman滤波对系统偏差进行实时动态估计。实验结果表明,该方法采用较少历元的观测数据便可使系统偏差收敛,并且收敛后十分稳定,可以将其作为校正参数;加入系统偏差改正的GPS/BDS紧组合定位在恶劣环境下表现良好,可将模糊度固定平均所需时间缩短29%,模糊度固定成功率提高45%。     

GPS/BDS系统实时用户保护水平研究分析

针对全球卫星导航定位系统的完备性监测领域中,用户保护水平估计不准会使系统性能降低或产生误警信息等问题,该文比较BDS系统、GPS系统、BDS/GPS组合系统下实时用户保护水平,并验证BDS系统下的实时用户保护水平是否满足用户的需求。利用水平保护水平和垂直保护水平模型,选取了3个监测站2d的监测结果分析了GPS系统、BDS系统与GPS/BDS系统组合的实时用户保护水平,并验证了该算法的稳定性。     

Combined GPS and BDS for single-frequency continuous RTK positioning through real-time estimation of differential inter-system biases

Double-differenced (DD) ambiguities between overlapping frequencies from different GNSS constellations can be fixed to integers if the associated differential inter-system biases (DISBs) are well known. In this case, only one common pivot satellite is sufficient for inter-system ambiguity resolution. This will be beneficial to ambiguity resolution (AR) and real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning especially when only a few satellites are observed. However, for GPS and current operational BDS-2, there are no overlapping frequencies. Due to the influence of different frequencies, the inter-system DD ambiguities still cannot be fixed to integers even if the DISBs are precisely known. In this contribution, we present an inter-system differencing model for combined GPS and BDS single-frequency RTK positioning through real-time estimation of DISBs. The stability of GPS L1 and BDS B1 DISBs is analyzed with different receiver types. Along with parameterization and using the short-term stability of DISBs, the DD ambiguities between GPS and BDS pivot satellites and the between-receiver single-difference ambiguity of the GPS pivot satellite can be estimable jointly with the differential phase DISB term from epoch to epoch. Then the inter-system differencing model can benefit from the near time-constant DISB parameters and thus has better multi-epoch positioning performance than the classical intra-system differencing model. The combined GPS and BDS single-frequency RTK positioning performance is evaluated with various simulated satellite visibilities. It will be shown that compared with the classical intra-system differencing model, the proposed model can effectively improve the positioning accuracy and reliability, especially for severely obstructed situations with only a few satellites observed.     

Android移动终端单频BDS/GPS实时PPP技术研究

针对Android移动终端定位精度较差的问题,该文对Android框架结构进行了研究,提出了基于Android移动终端实时BDS/GPS双系统精密单点定位(PPP)方法。利用Android studio 2.2.2、Java语言及JNI技术,对终端GNSS驱动进行开发,成功通过串口读取北斗移动终端RTCM MSM4原始卫星观测数据,并在硬件抽象层进行网络实时差分数据解析、文件读取和输出,最终实现增强定位。在移动终端上运行BDS/GPS实时PPP软件,分析定位结果显示双系统单频精密单点定位精度N、E方向0.6m左右,U方向1.5m左右。     

基于北斗三频的BDS/GPS宽巷模糊度逐级单历元固定方法

利用北斗三频超宽巷模糊度波长较长易于固定的优势,提出一种基于北斗三频的BDS/GPS宽巷模糊度逐级单历元固定方法。首先利用载波和伪距组合固定BDS(0,-1,1)和(1,4,-5)两个超宽巷模糊度,根据固定后的超宽巷模糊度变换得到BDS宽巷模糊度(1,-1,0),然后将BDS宽巷模糊度作为约束条件与GPS宽巷观测方程联立得到GPS宽巷模糊度浮点解和其方差协方差阵,最后采用LAMBDA算法实现GPS宽巷模糊度的固定。实验结果表明,BDS超宽巷组合可实现100%固定,采用BDS约束GPS宽巷模糊度固定时ratio值均大于2,大于5的占97.8%以上,因此文中提出的方法可实现BDS/GPS双系统宽巷模糊度单历元固定,有效提升GNSS模糊度解算的时效性。     

Analysis of BDS satellite clocks in orbit

The products of Wuhan University with 5-min sampling are used to analyze the characteristics of BeiDou satellite clocks. Two nanoseconds root-mean-square (RMS) variations are obtained for 1-day quadratic fits in the sub-daily region. The relativistic effects of BDS clocks are also studied. General relativity predicts that linear variation of the semimajor axes of geostationary and inclined geosynchronous satellites causes a quadratic clock drift with a magnitude at the 10^?16/day level. The observed drift is higher than what general relativity theory would produce. Several periodic terms are found in the satellite clock variations through spectrum analysis. In order to identify the origin of the BDS clock harmonics, a correlation analysis between the period or amplitude of the harmonics and properties of the satellite orbits is performed. It is found that the period of the harmonics is not exactly equal to the orbit period, but rather the ratio of the orbit period to clock period is almost the same as that of a sidereal day to solar day. The BDS clocks obey white frequency noise statistics for intervals from 300 s to several thousands seconds. For intervals greater than 10,000 s, all the BDS satellites display more complex, non-power-law behavior due to the effects of periodic clock variations.     

GPS/BDS short-term ISB modelling and prediction

GPS Solutions - The Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has completed its first milestone by providing coverage of the Asia–Pacific area navigation service since December 27,...     

基于BDS/GPS观测的北斗硬件延迟解算

研究了联合BDS/GPS观测数据基于球冠谐函数的中国区域电离层建模,并精确估计了北斗卫星和接收机DCB。联合解算得到的GPS卫星DCB相对CODE精度优于0.2 ns,GPS接收机DCB相对CODE精度优于1 ns;联合解算得到的中国区域上空VTEC相对CODE事后产品的精度可达2~3 TECU。     

BDS/GPS组合动态测量效果分析

随着北斗卫星导航定位系统(BDS)的日趋完善和成熟,基于BDS与GPS和GLONASS的多星座动态测量技术得到广泛应用,显著提升了困难区域的动态测量效率和精度。因此,本文探讨了BDS/GPS组合系统,介绍了BDS/GPS及后差分动态测量(PPK)基本原理及数据处理模型,而且通过在某大学进行的两组动态测量实验中,进行PPK处理得到BDS和GPS的单系统动态测量结果,以及BDS/GPS组合系统的动态测量结果,两组实验数据表明:BDS或GPS单系统与BDS/GPS组合系统相比,BDS/GPS组合系统的动态测量效果优于BDS或GPS任一单系统动态测量的效果,且测量结果更为可靠。     

GPS、BDS、GPS+BDS精密单点定位精度评估

由于北斗系统卫星正式完成组网,因此有必要对BDS系统性能进行精度评估与分析.本文选取了MGEX网所采集的31 d观测数据,对比分析了GPS、BDS、GPS+BDS不同情况下静态与动态精密单点定位精度.试验结果表明,GPS和BDS单系统静态PPP在N、E、U方向上的精度分别优于4、4、7 cm;GPS+BDS组合系统静态...     

BDS/GPS网络差分定位试验分析

针对在传统网络差分定位中,单GPS系统在观测条件不好情况下会出现可用卫星数量偏少甚至不够、观测值存在粗差而影响定位等问题,该文提出BDS/GPS双系统组合网络伪距差分定位的数学模型,并加入基于最小二乘残差法探测粗差观测数据的质量控制算法。基于省CORS网实时BDS/GPS双系统数据,以国产的手持机终端作为流动端,利用BDS/GPS伪距差分平台进行了车载动态试验,根据试验对比和分析,动态定位平面精度优于1m,在加入质量控制算法模式下,定位精度和可靠性都有一定提高。     

Kalman-filter-based GPS clock estimation for near real-time positioning

In this article, an algorithm for clock offset estimation of the GPS satellites is presented. The algorithm is based on a Kalman-filter and processes undifferenced code and carrier-phase measurements of a global tracking network. The clock offset and drift of the satellite clocks are estimated along with tracking station clock offsets, tropospheric zenith path delay and carrier-phase ambiguities. The article provides a brief overview of already existing near-real-time and real-time clock products. The filter algorithm and data processing scheme is presented. Finally, the accuracy of the orbit and clock product is assessed with a precise orbit determination of the MetOp satellite and compared to results gained with other real-time products.

GPS/BDS组合姿态测量及精度分析

给出了GPS/BDS组合双差观测模型和姿态测量解算算法,采用Kalman滤波进行动态基线解算的参数估计,利用LAMBDA方法固定双系统模糊度,获得动态基线固定解,最后通过基线的坐标系转换获得姿态角。比较了单系统和GPS/BDS双系统静态姿态角与动态短基线解算结果。试验结果表明,GPS/BDS组合姿态测量的精度和可靠性较GPS单系统都有显著提高。     

Helmert方差分量估计在GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo组合精密单点定位权比确定中的应用CSCD

多星座组合定位可以提升导航定位性能,但不同星座观测量组合时需要考虑合适的随机模型.传统方法是根据经验直接设定各系统的等价权重,但会导致随机模型确定不精确,从而影响组合系统的性能提升.将Helmert方差分量估计方法应用于GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo组合精密单点定位(PPP)中,以自适应确定各系统间权比.采用国际GNSS服务(IGS)MGEX(Multi-GNSS Experiment)观测网的10个测站一周的观测数据进行静态和仿动态试验.结果表明:采用Helmert方差分量估计定权方法可显著提高GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo组合PPP的收敛速度,与等权定权方案比较,静态模式下平均提高52%,仿动态模式下平均提高64%.因定位精度主要由载波相位观测值精度和误差修正水平决定,在静态和仿动态测试中Helmert方差分量估计方法对定位精度没有明显改善.     

BDS/GPS联合定轨的贡献分析

北斗卫星导航系统（BeiDou satellite navigation system,BDS）目前暂未具有全球导航定位能力,卫星轨道的全程跟踪与测站的几何结构还不完善,影响了卫星轨道的测定精度。针对上述问题,根据动力学定轨的原理与方法,推导了多个全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system,GNSS）联合定轨对参数求解精度的解析贡献量,并利用实测数据分析了BDS/GPS联合定轨对轨道和钟差求解精度的统计贡献量。结果表明,联合定轨对系统间公共参数求解精度的贡献显著,除地球静止轨道（geostationary orbit,GEO）卫星外,其余轨道和钟差求解精度均有显著提高。BDS/GPS联合定轨对BDS卫星轨道、卫星钟差均方根误差（root mean square,RMS）以及接收机钟差RMS的统计贡献量分别为36.21%、26.88%和20.88%,其中对可视卫星数较少的区域接收机钟差求解精度的贡献尤为显著,贡献量为45.95%。     

BDS/GPS/GLONASS RTK定位算法研究

实现了BDS/GPS/GLONASS三系统组合RTK定位算法,介绍了BDS/GPS/GLONASS三系统组合RTK数学模型,解决了多模融合导航定位时空基准统一问题,并针对附加模糊度参数的卡尔曼滤波函数模型,提出了一种确定实时动态定位中卡尔曼滤波参数的方法。编制了BDS/GPS/GLONASS RTK定位程序,并对28 m超短基线及31 km短基线实测数据进行了解算。对比分析了BDS、GPS、GLONASS、BDS/GPS、BDS/GLONASS、GPS/GLONASS、BDS/GPS/GLONASS七种模式下的定位结果。     

北斗/GPS多频实时精密定位理论与算法

<正>本文对北斗/GPS多频实时精密定位理论与算法进行了深入研究,重点研究了三频线性组合观测量理论、周跳实时探测与修复方法、三频无几何模糊度解算方法和多系统多频非组合几何模糊度解算模型及其计算优化算法等内容,并对北斗/GPS多频RTK定位性能进行了初步评估。论文的主要贡献概括如下:(1)提出了一种求解特定波长与电离层延迟影响系数条件下噪声最优三频整系数线性组合的解析方法。通过分析得到了3种适合于周跳探测与模糊度解算的特殊三     

GPS/BDS/GLONASS多系统组合定位分析

可见卫星数是评价导航系统定位性能的一个重要指标,也是系统可用性的基本要求。均方根差(亦称中误差)是观测精度的数据标准。本文通过实验分析了不同环境下的多系统组合的可见星数以及中误差,进而研究了多系统组合在不同环境中的可用性及定位精度。实验结果表明:在相同环境下,系统组合的可用性大幅提高,精度高于单GPS系统的精度,其中GPS/BDS/GLONASS三系统组合测量精度最高,GPS/BDS组合精度次之,GPS/GLONASS组合精度略低于GPS/BDS组合。     

嵌入式GPS/BDS实时精密单点定位方法

实时性和动态性是精密单点定位面临的关键问题。本文基于实时轨道钟差改正产品,讨论了GPS/BDS实时精密单点定位数学模型及误差处理方法。搭建嵌入式软硬件平台,研制出一套具有实时GPS/BDS双系统高精度定位功能的嵌入式设备。测试结果表明,对于嵌入式GPS/BDS实时精密单点定位,静态条件下平面方向优于3 cm,高程方向优于8 cm;动态条件下平面方向优于12 cm,高程方向优于15 cm。